Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/508

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preffing and bearing hard upon the Uterus 5 but efpecially if the Feet us be dead, lie in a wrong pofture, or be violent- ly extracted.

After replacing the part, Reftringents both inwardly, and by Injection, are here ufed; fuch as obtain in Diarrheas, Hemorrhoids, the Gonorrhea Simplex, &c.

Procidentia, or Prolapsus, Uvalde; the Defcent or Relaxation of the Uvula, or Almonds of the Ears. See Uvula.

PROCLAMATION, an Inftrument difpatch'd by the King, with the Advice of his Privy Council, whereby the People are advertis'd of fomething, which his Majeity thinks fit for them to know ; and whereby they are fome- times requir'd to do, or not to do certain Things. See Kino and Privy Council.

Proclamations have the Force of Laws; but then they are fuppos'd to be confiflent with the Laws already in be- ing ; otherwife they are fuperfeded : Proclamare eftp~alam & i\i!de damare.

Proclamation is alfo ufed for a folemn Denunciation, or Declaration of War or Peace. See War, &c.

Proclamation is alfo the Ail of notifying to the People the Acceffion of a Prince to the Crown. See Accession.

The Proclamation does not inveft the Prince with the Regal Authority j itfuppofes him already inverted there- with 5 and only gives notice thereof to the People.

Proclamation of a Fine \ is a Notice openly and fo- lemnly given thereof at all the Affizes held in the County within one Year after the Ingroffing it. See Fine.

Thefe Proclamations are made on Tranfcripts of the Fine, fent by Juilices of the Common Pleas, to the Juftices of Affize, and of the Peace.

Proclamation, in the Monadic Senfe, is the Accufation cf a Friar or Brother, by another Brother, in open Chapter, and in prefence of the Superior and Community, for fome external Crime he has feen him commit.

PROCOND~yLT, among Anatomifts, the Bones of the Fingers next the Back of the Hand. See Finger.

PROCONSUL, a Roman Magillnte; fent to govern a Province with a Confular Authority. See Consul and Pro- vince.

The Proconfuls were appointed out of the Body of the Senate ; and ordinarily, as the Year of any one's Confulate expir'd, he was fent Proconful into fome Province.

The Proconfuls had the fame Honours, &c. with the Confuls themfelves ; except that they had only fix Lienors, and Fafces before them.

The Troconfuh did not ordinarily hear and determine Proceffes in perfon, but had that Office perform'd by their Afllffurs, or other Judges, constituted or delegated by them.

As the Troconfuh had the Direction both of Juftice, of War, and of the Revenues ; they had their feveral Lieute- nants in each Capacity : Thefe were call'd Legati, and were ordinarily nominated by the Senate.

The Troconfidar Function only held a Year : The Char- ges of their Journey backwards and forwards, was bore by the Publick ; and was call'd Viaticum. See Viaticum.

After the Partition of the Provinces between Augujlus and the People; thoTe who prefided over the Provinces of the People, were call'd fpecially Troconfuh.

In our antient Law- Books, Troconful is ufed for a Juflice hi Eyre, or Jufnce Errant. See Justice.

PROCREATION, the Aaion of begetting, and bring- ing forth Children. See Generation.

PROCTOR, Procurator, a Perfon commiflion'd to aft as Proxy, or Delegate, in behalf of another. See Pro- curator. ,

Proctor, Procurator, in the Civil Law, is an Officer appointed to appear in Court, and manage the Caufes of Parties who will make aits of his Procuration. See Civil Law.

Antiently, every body was oblig'd to appear in perfon ; and when the Affair happen'd to be drawn out to a great length, was allow'd to create a ProBor, or Proxy, in his Caufe.

But this was a Favour only granted for a certain Time ; till towards the middle of the 16th Century, when it was decreed, that all Procuration ihould hold till revoked.

PROCTORS oftheCommons, are Perfons skill'd in the Ci- vil Law and the Practice of Doctors Commons ; who exhibit their Proxies, and make themfelves Parties for their Clients, to draw up Acts and Pleadings, produce Witneffes, prepare Cuites for Sentences, and attend the Advocates with the Proceedings.

They are 34 in Number; are admitted by the Archbi- fhop's Fiat ; and wear black Robes, and Hoods lined with white Furs. See Doctors Commons.

Proctors of the Clergy, are Deputies, or Reprefentatives, chofe by the Clergy of each Diocefs, two for each ; and by the Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, one for each, to fit in the Lower Houfe of Convocation. See Convocation.

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Proctors m the Unherfity, are two Officers, ' from among the Students, to fee good O- .. rs, and E C ™ d ,^ y P erformM tner ^ See University.

PROCUMBENT Leaves, in Botany, fuch Leaves of

PROCURACY. See Procurator

PROCURATION, an Act whereby a P er f on is irn - Powered to ad, treat, receive,^, in aPerfon's Name, as it he himlelt were actually prefent. See Procurator. _ When a Man treats in behalf of another, the firft thin* is to examine his 'Procuration. °

The Word is now little ufed in this fenfe, except in the Cafe of a Perfon who collects the Fruits of a Benefice for another.

Procuration, or 'Proxy, \n the Canon Law, is ufed for the Repaft or Entertainment antiently given to Church- Officers or Ordinaries, who came to vifit in Churches or Monatteries; whether they were Bi/hops, Arch-deacons, or Vifitors.

'Procuration was due to the Pope's Legates, and even to Popes themfelves, when they came into France^ and the Charge was comprized in the Bulls then granted.

Complaints were frequently made to the Pope, of the exceffive Charges of the Procurations <£ Bifhops and Arch- deacons; upon which they were prohibited by feveral Coun-' cils and Bulls.

That of Clement IV '. mention 'd in the Monafi icon, is very exprefs; wherein that Pope tells us, Complaint had been made, that the Arch-deacon of Richmond, vifiting the Di- ocefe, travel'd with one hundred and three Horfes, twenty one Dogs, and three Hawks ; and did fo grievoufly opprefs a Religious Houfe with that varl Equipage, thathecaus'd the Monks to fpend in an hour, as much as would have maintain'd them a long time. See Indemnities.

Procuration, or Praxys, is now ufed for a Sum of Money, paid yearly by Pari/h-Prieils to the Bifliop or Arch-deacon, in lieu of this Entertainment,

PROCURATOR, Proctor, Proxy, a Perfon who has a Charge or Office committed to him by another. See Procuration.

Thus the 'Proxies of the Lords in Parliament, in our Law-Books, are call'd Procurators. See Proxy.

The Word is alfo ufed for a Vicar or Lieutenant; thus, in Petras SleJ/eizfis, we read of a 'Procurator Regni.

Thofe who manage Caufes in Doctors Commons, are alfo call'd Trocurators, or ProBors. See Proctor.

The Bi/hops are fometimes call'd Procurators Ecclefia- rum; and the Reprefentatives fent by the Clergy to Con- vocation, Procurators Clcri. See Convocation.

In our Statutes, a Perfon who gathers the Fruits of a Be- nefice for another, is particularly call'd Procurator $ and the Inflrument impowering him to receive the fame, Pro- curacy.

Procurator, is alfo a kind of Magiitrate in feveral Cities of Italy, who takes care of the publick Interefts.

There are Procurators of St. Mark, Procurators at Ve- nice, at Genoa, t<5c.

Originally there was but one Procurator of St, Mark at Venice: In 1442, the Number was augmented to Nine; when, the Senate made a Decree, appointing, that for the future, none .mould be admitted to the Dignity, but after the Death of fome of the Nine. But in the Occaiiuns of the Repubiick, the Number was afterwards enlarged to Forty; tho' of thefe, there are only Nine that bear the Title of Procurators, and whofe place is regularly fill'd. They are Adminiftratars of the Church of St. Mark, and of the Revenues attach'd thereto 5 the Patrons of Orphans, and Executors of Tellaments.

This Office receives more Lultre from the Merit of thofe who difcharge it, than from its Authority. They are cloathed in Black or Violet, with Ducal Sleeves.

Procurator Monaflerii, antiently, was the Advocate of a Religious Houfe, who was to follictt the Interefl, and plead the Caufes of the Society. See Advocate.

Procuratores Ecclefld? Parochialis, are the Church- Wardens, whofe Office is to act as Proxies and Reprefenta- tives of the Church. See Cuv rch- fVarden.

PROCURORS. See Malveis Procurers.

PROCYON, in Afironomy, a fixed Star of the fecond Magnitude, in Canis Minor. See Canis.

PRODES Homes, q. d. Wife Men, in our antient Cuf- toms, a Title given to the Barons, and other military Te- nants, who were call'd to the King's Council, sr.d were to give advice according to the beft of their pru^-nce and knowledge. See Thane, Baron, £5?C.

PRO-DICTATOR, among theRomans, a Magiftrate who had the Power, and did the Office, of a Diftator. See Dictator.

The Romans fometimes created a Prodi clator, in Cafes where they could not have a Dilator. Fabius Maximm was ProdiBator.

PRODROMUS, -fffoJVf*©-, literally denotes a Fore- runner, a Harbinger : Hence, Prodromtii Morbus, among 10 Q_ Phy-