Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/469

 POR

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POR

and Excellence of Forts ; that of Brefi is the finefl natural into the Cava, by which it is immediately reconvey'd to

'Port in the World, as that of Dunkirk was lately the the Heart. See Cava.

itronoelt artificial one. The 'Porta is formed out of the concurrence of divert

Ports deBarre are fuch as can only be enter'd with Veins, which, meeting together, make one of the tnoft

the Tide ; as that of Goa. Clofe Ports are thofe within the confiderable Venous Trunks of the Body, as to its Bulk ;

Body of a City ; as thofe of Rhodes, of Venice, Amfler- tho', contrary to the Courfe of other Veins, it runs not

dam, Rachel, Bayonne, smdSt. Johnde Lua. far in a Trunk, but is, as before obferved, foon distributed

B-eePoRT, in Commerce, a -Port open and free for again, by Ramifications, into the Liver.

Merchants of all Nations to load and unload their Veffels This Vein is vulgarly divided into Branches without thi

in, without paying any Duties or Cufioms. See Free Liver, and Branches within, and a 'trunk intermediate .-

and Duty. But this Divifion is not very clear, the Branches, as they

Such is the Port of Genoa. The Emperor, fince his are call'd, without the Liver, not being fo properly Bran- being in poffeffton of the States in Italy, formerly be- ches as Roots; which have, by Anatomifts, been dignify'd longing to Spain, has feem'd determined to eftablifh a with di{lin£t Names from the Parts whence they come.

Free-Port in"fome of the Cities he poffeffeson the. Adriatic Sea.

The Veins which confpire towards the Formation of this Trunk, which having been defcribed in their proper Places

Marfeilles was declared a Free Port by an Edict of or being to be defcribed there, we /hall not here enlarge

Louis XIV. bearing Date 5 March, 1669. upon ; are, from the Placenta Uterina, in a Foetus, the

Free Port is alio ufed for a total Exemption, and Fran- Vena Umbilicalis ; from the Gall-Bladder the Cyftic£ Ge-

chifc, which any Sett of Merchants enjoy, for Goods impor- mell£ ; from the upper Part of the Stomach the Pylorica,

ted into a State, or thofe of the Growth of the Country, or Gajirica dextra, which goes to the Trunk ; the Gajirica

exported. ina]or, and minor Sinifira from the Stomach, (of which

Such was the Privilege the Englijh enjoy'd for feveral the major is formed out of the Coronaria Ventriculi ;) the

I eats after their Difcovery of the Port of Archangel ; and Epiplois Jiniftra, and Pcftica from the Omentum ; the

which was taken from 'em on account of the Regicide Vas, or Vafa brevia from the Stomach ; the Splenica from

in 16$. the Spleen : All which join to form the left, or Splenic

Port is alfo ufed for the Burthen of a Ship, See Bur- Branch oj 'the Porta. then. Therigbt, or Me/enteric Branch, coniiftsof the Gajirica

The Capacity of a Veffel is eflimated in Tuns ; each and Epiploica dextra, from the Stomach and Omentum -

whereof may contain about two thoufand Pounds Weight the ^Duodena from rhe Duodenum and Jejunum ; the H£-

of Sea-Water. When, then, we fay a Veffel is of the morrhoidalis interna from the lnteflinum Rectum and

Port or Burthen of a thoufand Tuns ; it is not meant, as Colon ; the Mefaraics from the Mefentety. fome imagine, that it beats fo many Casks full of Mer- By means of all thefe Veflels, the Porta receives the

chandize ; but that the Sea-Water, which would be con- Blood from moft of the Vifcera of the Abdomen 5 and

tained m the Space which the Capacity of the VelTel pof- after the coalefcence of its Branches, enters the Liver in a

feffes in the Sea, weighs a thoufand Tuns fill'd therewith, Trunk ; immediately under the Surface whereof, having

which at the rate of icoo Pounds each, is as much as to fay, firU form'd a kind of a Sinus, it is divided into two princi-

it bears a Burthen of two Millions Weight.

Port is alfo ufed for the Court of the Grand Seignor, or Emperor of the Pltrks.

Port is alfo ufed for aftrong Wine brought from Oporto, or Port-a-port in Portugal; whence its Name. See Wine.

PORT of the Voice, in Murk, the Faculty and Habi- tude of making the Shakes, Paffages, and Diminutions ;

pal Branches, and thofe again into five, which fcatter i: numerable Ramifications thro' the whole Subltance of the Liver.

The true Ufe of this Vein, hitherto unknown, Dr. Keil thinks he has difcover'd. And 'tis this: The Bile, fays he, being to be mix'd with the Chyle, as it comes out of the Stomach into the Duodenum, could no where be fo conveniently fecerned from the Blood as where the Liver is

wherein the Beauty of a Song, or piece of Mufic coniitls, placed. But if all the Branches of the Cotliac Artery car-

and which the Italians comprehend under the Terms r i e d all the Blood to the Liver from which the Gall was to

'Irilli, Gioppi, Strafcini. be feparated ; 'tis evident, considering the Nearnefscf the

Bacilli calls Port of the Voice, the tranflating or pafling Liver to the Heart, and the inteftine Motion of the Blood,

of a lower to a higher Note. It confifts in three things: that fo vifcid a Sectetion as the Gall is, could never have

The lower Note, which is to be fuftain'd ; the doubling beenformed. See Gall.

made on the higher Note, and the fuftaining of that fame Nature, therefore, is forced to alter her conftant Method

Note after it has been doubled. Some call it Anticipa- of fending the Blood to all Parts of the Body by Arteries :

tion. She hetc forms a Vein, by which me fends the Blood ftom

PORT, among Sailors, the Latboatd, or left Side of the Branches of the Mefenteric and Cceliac Arteries to the

the Ship. See Larboard. Liver.

T"o Tort the Helm, is to put the Helm on the left Side By this means the Blood is brought a gteat way about

the Ship. See Helm. ' e'er it arrive at the Liver ; fo that its Celerity being dimi-

PORT GREVE, was antiently the principal Magiftrate nifhed, all the Corpufcles that are to form, may have time

1 feveral Maritime Towns ; thus called from the Saxon, to attract one another, and unite e'er they came to their fe

'Port, City ; and Greve, a Collector of Rents in divers Lordihips at this day.

Ctoi/feB obferves.that the chief Magiftrate of London was antiently call'd Port-greve ; inltead of whom, Richard I. ordained two Bailiffs ; and foon afterwards King John granted them a Mayor for their yearly Magiftrate. See Mayor.

The Charter of William the Conqueror to the City of London run thus : " William King, gmeWilliam Bilriop,

and Godfrey Port-greve, and all the Burgeis within Englifi. I grant you that I will

Ke.l's Anita. Secret, p. 36% &c. See

cetning Veffel. Secretion.

PORTABLE, fomething eafy of Carriage.

Books in iz Q are valued for their being Portable ; eafily put in the Pocket. This Machine is the better, as being Portable. Armies carry with 'em Portable Bridges, Por- table Mills, Boats, Ovens, Forges, £5fc.

Portable Barometer, a Barometer fo contrived as that it may be carried from Place to Place without bein" difordered. See Barometer.

^Portable Barometer was an extraordinary thing a little while ago : At prefent the common Barometers are

" London, French and

'* that ye be all your Law-worth that ye were in Edward's

" day the King. And I will that each Child be his portable; being* fo made as that the Mercury maybe

" Fader's Eyer, and I will not fuffer that ony Man you any fcrew'd quite up to the feal'd end of the Tube ; by which

" wrongs breed, and Godyou keepe." means it is fecured from fwagging, and fo endangering

PORTA, in Anatomy, or Vena Porta, a very confi- the breaking of the Tube. A Contrivance for which we

derable Vein, employ'd in bringing the Blood from feve- are indebted to Mr. Patrick.

ral Parts, by an infinite number of Branches which it is PORTAL, in Architecture, a Term ufed for a little

divided into, to the Liver, thro' the whole Subltance fquare Corner of a Room, cut off from the reft of the

whereof it is diffeminated. See Vein and Liver. Room, by the Wainfcot ; frequent in theantient Buildings,

The Vena Porta is form'd of two large Veins; the Me- but now difufed.

fentericxaA Splenic; which are again form'd of feveral The Word feems a Diminutive of the French, Port,

other minuter Veins coming_ from the Stomach, Interlines, Door, Gate; it being thro' this that they enter'd into the

Spleen, Epiploon, ci?c. See Mesenteric and Splenic.

The Antients gave it the Name Porta, as imagining it to bring theChylc, by its Mefenteric Branch, from theln- teltines to the Liver ; but fome of the Moderns have found another ufe for it.

Room.

Portal is fometimes alfo ufed for a little Gate, Por- tella; where there are two Gates of a different bignefs. See Gate.

The Word fometimes alfo Hands for a kind of Arch of

It is remarkable of the Porta, that, after the manner Joiner's Work, before a Door, of the Arteries, it moots itfelf from a Trunk into Branches, PORTAIL, in Architecture, the Face or Ftontifpiece of and being at laft loft in Capillaries, it delivers the Blood a Church, view'd on the fids wherein is the great Door.

Tor-