Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/443

 P L E

(83O

£ LI

But tlut there is a real Vacuum in the Nature of things,. This makes what we call the PlemMverr,, is tffcewife denaonftrated by Arguments a pofferiori, under internal Pleurify; moppoflhon to the Nctha, orfp, the Article Vacuum. external Pleunfy,vihch is a Pain m the Side, without

PLEONASM, Pleonaskus, in Rhetoric, a Fi- ' gore of Speed'., whereby we make ufe of Words feemingly needlefs and fuperfluous, in order to exprefs a Thought with the greater Force and Energy. Such is, I faro it with my own Eyes, &c. See Figure.

or true or

urious or .__.' any Fe- ver, and frequently without any Cough; and is fuppofed to arife from a flnrp Serofity lodg'd on the Pleura, or higher among the intercoftal Mufcles.

The great Remedy in the true Pleurify is copious and re- peated Bleeding. In Adults, Sydenham oMerves, it islildom

"The Pleonafm is cali'd by the Latins, Redundancy. See cured with left than the Lois of forty Ounces of Blood,

Redundancy.

Pleonasm, in Grammar, is ufually defined a Fault in Di-

fcourfej wherein we fay more than needs, As, he heard it

With his Ears.

M.faugelas will not allow the Phrafe, I fare it with my own Eyes, to be a Pleonafm; inafmuch as there are no fuper- fluous Words in it; none but what are neceffary to give a

ttronger Affurance of the thing affirmed. 'Tis fufficient

that one of the Phrafes fay fomewhat more than the other, to avoid the Imputation of a Pleonafm.

In effect, tho' we givp the Name Pleonafm to any thing that is not liecefiary, or that enters the Difcourfe indepen- dently of the Senle, or Conflructioii; yet there are frequent

By omitting Phlebotomy the Patient is frequently fuffo'.

cated.

The Pleurify fometimes fucceeds another Fever ', occafion'd by a Precipitation of the Febrile Matter upon the Pleura.

When it rifes to an Impofthume, it is cali'd Empyema. See Empyema,

When it happens in the Mediaftinum, or Diaphragma, it is called Paraphrenias. See Paraphrenias.

Etmuller recommends Sudorifks in the Pleurify; and ob- ferves, that much more Regard is to be had to the Sputum

that attends the Cough than the Urine. Baglivi notes,

that Pleurifies are frequently occult; and gives this Method of difcovering them.— Make the Patient lie on his right oi-

ly Words which in that View would be impertinent yet left Side, and bid him breath ftror.gly and Cough: If he feel are tiled to good purpofe to give a greater Force, or Grace any Pain or Heaviness alter it, he's^ certainly pleuritick.—

to Difcourfe,

He fpeke with his Mouth, is a Pleonafm in Englijh; 'tis

none in Latin; Pirgil fays, fie ore locutus Some French

Authors deny tinir enftfmb'le, to unite together, tobeaWw- nafm.

The Word is form'd from the Creek wMawrnof, Super- jlbundancy.

PLEROTICKS, in Medicine, a kind of Remedies, otherwife cali'd Incamatives. SeelNcaRNATivE.

The Word is form'd from the Greek I nd'.

PLETHORA, in Medicine, fuch an Abundance of any

The fame Author adds, that a hard Pulfe is a certain At- tendant of the Pleurijy'.

Riverius gives us Inftances of notable Cures perfomvd herein by Cupping and Scarrification.

PLEXUS, in Anatomy, a Name common to feveral Parts in the Body, confiding of little Veffels interwove in form of Net-work. See Vessel.

The Nerves, in their Progrefs, form feveral Plexus's; efpecially the Par Vagum, or eight Pair, the lntercolhls, and the fifth. See Nerve.

The Par Vagum, at its Interferon with the intercoftal

„ood and laudable Humour as proves hurtful to the animal Nerve, forms the Plexus G anglioformis fuperior and inferior.

Functions. See Humour, &c. See Ganglioformis — »-A Branch of this Nerve joining

Pkthorah chiefly underflood of the Blood; tho' fometimes near the Heart, with others from the Intercoftals, form the

of the other Humours. See Blood. Plexus Cardiacus fuperior. See Cardiacus. A little fur-

The Plethora is the Confequence of a good Chylification, ther it lends off feveral Branches, which reuniting, form the

Sanguification, &e. attended with a too fparing Difcharge Plexus Pneumoniats. SeePNEUMONicus, In each Trunk

by Perfpiration, &c. of the Intercoftal, before it arrives at the Thorax, are two

It is usually defcribed as either ad vires, or ad vafa. See Plexus Ganglioformcs, cali'd Plexus Cerrkales. When ar-

Pli NiTuCt. rived in the Thorax, it receives three or four Twigs from

The Plethora is chiefly produced in a Body whofe Or- the Vertebral Nerves, together with which it conftitutes the

gins of Dteeftion are ftrong, Blood-Veffels lax, Diet full Plexus Intercoflalis, whence defending into the Abdomen,

of good Juice, Temperament fanguine, Mind at eafe and » ' or ms that famous Piece of Network, cali'd on the Right

Indolent, at a middle Age, and in a moift Air. It ren- Side Plexus Hepaticus, and on the Left Plexus Splcnicus.—

ders Heat and Motion intolerable; ftretches the great Vef- From the Hepatic Plexus arife a Number of Branches, pro- fels, and compreffes the fmaller. And hence Stiffnefs, and ceeding feme to the Liver, others to the Panchreas, others to Heavinefs, and on the leaft occafion, Ruptures in the Veffels, t,le Capfula of Gliffon, and other larger ones to the Right Kid- Suffocations, &c. See Disease. ney.— The Splenic Plexus fends out Branches to the left Part of

Dr. Frcind makes the Catamenia,or Menfes, the mereRe- the Ventricle and Panchreas, the Spleen, the left Atrabilary

fait of z Plethora; and will have them only an Evacuation for Capfula and left Kidney. Laftly, feveral Branches both

Relief againft the Quantity of the Blood, which lie fuppofes f'' om the Hepatic and Splenic P/awpaffingalong the Mefen

to be natural to Women, from the Humidity of their Tem- perature, the Smallnels of their Veffels, &c. Hence a Coa- cervation in the Blood-Veffels, of a Superfluity of Aliment remaining over and above what is excreted by the common Ways. See Menses.

f LEVIN, in Law, a Warrant, or Affurance. See Re- plevin. Warrant, &c.

PLEURA, in Anatomy, a Membrane which lines the Brealiar.d enclofesall the Parts contained therein; being of the lame Figure and Extent with the Thorax itfelf, and of the GmeSubftance with the Peritoneum. See Thorax.

'Tis very fine and thin, yet manifeftly double; thickeft about the Back, where it is fattened to the Ligaments of the Vertebrae. — r-In the middle of the Thorax it is doubled, which Duplicative forms what we call the Mediafiinum, which divides the Thorax longitudinally into two Parts. See Mediastinum.

The Ufe of the Pleura is to defend the Infide of the Tho- rax, and render it fmooth, that the Lungs may not be hurt in their Motion. See Lungs.

The Word is derived from the Greek xMugji, Side. The Latins call it Succinger.s.

P I. E U R 1 T I S, Pleurisy, in Medicine, a violent

teric Arteries, efpecially the upper to which they ferve as kind of Cover, form the Mefenteric Plexus, which bears feme Refemblance to a Sun, from the Circumference whereof proceed feveral little Branches or Threads in man- ner of Rays, continued thence to the Inteftin.es; tho' ftill accompanying the Arteries. See Mesenteric, &c.

Plexus Choroides is a wonderful Contexture of fmill Arteries and Veins, and, as feme fiy, Lymphaticks, in the Brain, on each fide of the Thalami Nervorum Opticorum, and jufl over the Pineal Gland. See Choroides and Brain.

Itis fometimes alfo called Plexus Reticularis, from its net- like Structure. See Reticularis.

PLICA, in Medicine, a Difeafe of the Hair, peculiar to Poland, and hence denominated Polonica, tho' there are In- ftances of it in Hungary, Alfatia, Switzerland, &c. See Hair.

The Plica is a fevere, malignant, and dangerous Difeafe, wherein the Hair of the Head is matted and glu'd together beyond all Poflibility of being extricated; attended with a grievous Diforder of all the Limbs of the Body, and before the Hair become complicated, a violent Pain; a Sweat ufu- ally attending it.

An unfeafonable cutting off of the Hair in this Cafe is dan- gerous; nor is there any proper and adequate Remedy for

Pain in the Side, attended with an acute Fever, a Cough, and a Difficulty of breathing.

The Pleurify arifes from an Inflammation of feme Part of the Difeafe yet difcover'd.

the Pleura, to which is frequently joined that of the exte- PLIGHT, in our old Law-Books, a Term which fig.

rior and fuperficial Part of the Lungs. See Inflammation nifies fometimes, theEftate with the Habitude and Quality

and Pleura. of the Land; tho' fometimes it extends to the Rent-Charge,

It ufually arifes upon cooling too nattily, after violent and a Poflibility of a Dower. Cokes laft.fil. 221.

Heat; as by drinking cold Water, lying open to the Air, &c. PLINTH, in Architecture, aflat fquare Member, in

This Inflammation feizes any part of the Integuments of form of a Brick; whence its Name, the Thorax, viz.. either the Pleura or Mediaftinum; and The Word comes from the Greek »a/»£@-, Brick. therefore the pricking Pain may be felt in any Part of the The Plinth is ufed as the Foot, or Foundation of Co- Thorax : but the place it mod ordinarily infefts is the Side; lumns; being that flat fquare Table, under the Mouldings of fometimes the right, fometimes the left, fometimes higher, the Bafe and pedeftal, at the Bottom of the whole Order; fometimes lower. feeming to have been originally intended to keep the

bottegi