Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/418

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he may fliew his Game, and fatisfy his Antagonift that the Carte blanche is real ; for which he reckons ten.

Each Perfon difcards i. e. lays afide a certain Number of his Cards, and takes in a like Number from the Stock.— The firft, of the 8 Cards, may take J, 6, 01-7-, the Dealer,'all the Remainder if he pleafes.

After difcarding, the elded Hand examines what Suit he has moll Cards of; and reckoning how many Points he has in that Suit; if the other have not fo manv in that or any other Suit he tells one for every Ten of that Suit.— He who thus reckons moft is faid to win the Point.

The Point being over, each examines what Sequences he has oi the fame Suit, viz.. how many Tierces, or Sequences of three, Quartes or fours, Ouintes or fives, Sixiemes or fixs &c. For a Tierce they reckon three Points, for a Quirt four, for a Quinte fifteen, and for a Sixieme fixteen/^ &c. And the feveral Sequences are diftinguilhed in Dignity by the Cards they begin from : Thus; Ace, King, and Queen, are call'd Tierce major; King, Queen, and Knave, Tierce to a King ; Knave, Ten, and Nine, Tierce to a Knave, &c and the belt Tierce, Quarte, or Quint, ;'. e. that which takes its Defcent from the beft Card, prevails; fo as to make all the others in that hand good, and deftroy all thofe in the other hand.— In like manner a Quarte in one hand fets afide a Tierce in the other.

The Sequences over, they proceed to examine how ma- nay Aces, Kings, Queens, Knaves, and Tens, each holds ; reckoning for every three of any fort, three : But here, too, as in Sequences, he that with the fame Number of Three's, has one that is higher than any the other has, e.gr. 3 Aces, has all his others made good hereby, and Ms Adv x- fary'sall fet afide. — But four of any fort always fet afide three.

All the Game in Hand being thus reckoned, the Eldeft proceeds to play ; reckoning one for every Card he plays above a Nine; and the other follows him in the Suit; and the higheft Card of the Suit wins the Trick.— Note, unlets a Trick be won with a Card above a Nine, (except the laft Trick) nothing isreckon'd for it; tho' the Trick ferves afterwards towards winning the Cards : And that he who plays laft does not reckon for his Cards unlefs he wins the Trick.

The Cards being play'd out, he that has moft Tricks rec- kons ten for winning the Cards. If they hive Tricks alike

neither reckons any thing.— The Deal being finilh'd, and each having mark'd up his Game, they proceed to deal again as before, cutting afrefh each time for the Deal.

If both Parties be within a few Points of being up, the Carte blanche is the firft thing that reckons ; then the Point ; then the Sequences; then the Threes; then the tenth Cards.

He that can reckon 30 in hand, by Carte blanche, Poi Quintes, &c, without playing, e'er the other has- reck' any thing ; reckons ninety (or them;— and this is call'd a Rcfii; ue ;— if he reckons above 30, he reckons fo many above 90.

If he can make up 30, part in hand and part by play, e'er

the other has told any thing, he reckons for them 60 And

this is call'd a Picaue. Whence the Name of the Game.

He that wins all the Tricks, inftead of 10. which is his Right for winning the Cards, reckons 40,— and this is call'd a Caput.

PICTSlVall, in Antiquity, a famed Piece of Roman Work, begun by Adrian the Emperor, on the Northern Bounds of England, to prevent the Incurfions of the Pills and Scots. See Wall.

At firft it was made only of Turf, ftrengthened with Pal- lifadocs; till the Emperor Sevcrus, coming in Perfon into Britain, built it with folid Stone, reaching eighty Miles in Length, from the Prill, to the GermanSes., or from Carlifle to Newcaftlc; with Watch- Towels garrifon'd at the Diftance of a Mile from each other.

It was ruined feveral Times by the PiBs, and often re- paired by the Romans.— At laft Aetius, a Roman Genera], re- built it of Bnck ; and the Pills ruining it the Year follow- ing, it was no longer regarded, but as a Boundary between the two Nations.

The Wall was eight foot thick, and twelve high from the Ground ; it run on the Northlide of the Rivers Tyne and Irthing,wp and down feveral Hills; the Traft or Remains of it is to be feen this Day in many Places both in Cumber- land and Northumberland.

PICTURE, a Piece of Painting; or a Subject, reprefent- ed in Colours, on Canvas, Wood, or the like, and indo- ied m a Frame. See Painting.

PI E-POUDER-CWr, an ancient Court, mention'd in many of our Statutes, to be held in Fairs ; for the rendering of Jullice to Buyers and Sellers; and the Redrefs of Griev- ances arifing therein. See Fair.

It had its Name either becaufe moft ordinarily held in Summer, and the that Suiters hereat were chiefly Country- Clowns, with dufly Feet, call'd by the French, pieds poudreux ; or Irom the Expedition intended in the hearing of Caufes

mrs, on'd

proper thereto, e'er the thifi went off the Plaintiff and Defendant's Feet.

The Saxons called it ceaimnj-jremot i. e. a Court of Mer- chandrie; or for the Decifion of Difputes relating to buving and felling,— Dcffor and Student obierve that it is only held during the Continuance of the Fairs, &c.

PIECE, in Commerce, fignifies, (bmetimes, a whole; and fometimes, only a Part of a whole.

In the firft Senfe, we fay, a Piece of Cloth, of Velvet, &c. meaning a certain Quantity of Yards, regulated by Cuitom ; being yet entire and not cut. See Cloth. _ In the other Signification we fay, a Piece ofTape/iiy, mean- ing a diftinft Member wrought a-part, which witti iV/eral others make one Hanging. See Tapestry.

A Piece of Wine, of Cyder, &c. is a Cask full of thofe Liquors.

Piece, in matters of Money, fignifies, fometimes, the lame thing with Smcies; as when we fay this Piece is too light,CJV. See Species.

Sometimes, by adding the Value of the Species, 'tis iifed to exprefs fitch as hive no other particular Name ; as, a Piece ofS Rials, a Piece of 25 Sols, &c.

_ In England the Piece is fometimes ufed for twenty Shil- lings Sterling; and fometimes for a Guinea. See Guinea, and Pound, andSTERLiNG.

Piece of Eight, or Piajter, is a Silver Money, firft (truck in Spain, afterwards in other Countries; and' now current in moft Parts of the World. See Coin.

It has its Name Piece of Eight, or Rial of Eight, becaufe equal to 8 Silver Rials. See Rial.

Its Value is nearly on the fame Foot with the French

Crown ; viz.. 41. 6d. Sterling In 1687, tas Proportion of

the fimple Rial to the Piafter was changed ; and in lieu of

8 Rials they gave 10. At prefent the Reduaion is on its

ancient Standard.

There are two kinds of Piaftets or SpaniJIi Crowns ; the one ftruck at Potofi, the other at Mexico: Thefe latter are a little Matter heavier than the former, but in return they are not quite fo fine.

The Piece of Eight has its Diminutions ; viz.. the Demi- Piafter, or Piece of 4 Rials ; the Quarter, or Piece of 2 ; the half Quarter, and the Sixteenth The Exchange be- tween Spain and England is made in Pieces ofEkht, See Ex- change.

Piece, is alfo a kind of Money of Account, or rather a manner, of accounting ufed among the Negroes of the Coaft of Angola in Africa. See Money.

_ The Price of Slaves, and other Commodities, here nego- tiated, as alfo the Duties paid the petty Kings, are eliima- ted on both fides in Pieces.

Thus, thefe Barbarians requiring 10 Pieces for a Slave; the Europeans in like manner value the Money, or Merchandize, to be given in Exchange, in Pieces. See Commerce.

Ten Anabaftes, c .g. 3Ce j piece; a Barrel of Powder of ten Pounds, 1 Piece; a Piece of blue Salempouris, 4 Pieces; ten brafs Batons, 1 Piece.

Piece, in Heraldry, is an Ordinary, or Charge. See Or-' l»tnary.

The honourable Pieces of the Shield are the Chiif, fels bend, pal, bar, Crols, Saltier Chevron ; and in general all thofe which may take up one third of the lid;!, when alone, in what manner fo. ver it be.

Pieces, in the Military Art, are Cannons, or great Guns, ufed at Sieaes, &c. call'd Pieces of Ordnance, battering Pieces, &c. See Ordnance, Cannon,^-.

Field-Pieces are thofe placed in the Front of an Army. &c. See Field'Pieces.

PIEDOUCH, in Architecture, a little Stand, or Pede- ltal, either long or fquare, enrich d with Moulding ; f rdig to fuppoit a Buft, or other little Figure. See P e'd e s t a '", Bust, &c.

The Word is French ; little foot.

PIEDROIT, in Architecture, a Peer; ora kind of fquare Pillar, part whereof is hid within a Wall. See Peer and Pillar.

The only thing wherein it differs from a pilafter, is, that the latter has a regular Bate and Capital, which the other wants. See Pilaster.

Piedroit is alfo ufed for a Peer, or Jaumb of a Door, or Window; comprehending theCharabranle, Chamfering, Leaf, &c. See Door, Window, &c.

PIERCED, in Heraldry, is when an Ordinary is perfo- rated, or ftruck through, (hewing, as it were, a Hole in it.

This Piercing is to be expreffed in Blazon, as to its Shape : Thus if a Crols have a fquare Hole, or Perforation in the Cen- ter, it is blazon'd, Square Pierced, which is more proper than quarterly pierced, as Leigh exprefTes it ; and accordingly the French call it Percee en quarre— When the Hole, or Perfo- ration, is round, it muft bs expreffed Round pierced; which Gibbon, in Latin calls Perforation, becaufe all Holes made with Piercers, or Augers, are round.— If the Hole in the

Center

form'd from the Italian, peduc