Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/38

 IN

The Moderns have proceeded much further in the Know- ledge cflnfeifs than the Anticnts, as having the Advan- tages of the Microfcope which ditiinguiShes their minute Parts, whereof they have publiSh'd Draughts and Defcrip- tions. Dr. Hook has publiSh'd a Micrography in Folio ; and

( 394 )

IN

Infpiration, in Phyfic, the Breaft, by which

is underflood of that Action of the Air is admitted within the

Lungs. This Admrffion of the Air depends immediately on its Spring or Elaihciry, at the time when the Cavity of theBreait is enlarged by the Elevation of the Tho

Fran. Redi, a Phyfician at Florence^ has publiSh'd feveral rax and Abdomen, and particularly by the Motion of eS^?/^": TLSr. CUr L WU t, E, x ?" im 7™ ° f - ] " s own ^ Diaphragm downwards : fo that the' Air does not enter

Eg. Malfigbi, Bartholin, the Tbihjbfbical Tranfalfiom of London, Fans, and Leiffic, have a great Number of fine Obfervations and Experiments on Injeili. Swamme-rdam has written a general Hiitory ofJnfeffs in Dutch, and affures us, there are above 400 Writers on this Subject- ; amono others are Woitm, Gefner, Aldm-vaiidm, Mauffet, Harvey, Fabriciut ah Aauaperdente, Goedart, $£c. Hoejfnagel, Painter

to the Emperor Riuhlfhus, has given very good Defigns of peration whereby a Liquor is brought to above 300 Species, Goedart has defcribed above 400, and ence, by evaporating the thinner Parts : and thusTuices a, Mr. Alhm has given us a new HlStory of our Englifi lnj'eBi, that of Liquorice, are tnlpi/fated

Wi ,x^ L ^ a A™M gUreS - c, , r. , r~ r, INSTALMENT, is a Settlement, or Mating any Per-

INSEMINATION oneofjhefourKmdsoflranfplan- Son in his proper Place. It is fometimes confounded in ule tor the Cure of certain Difeafes. It w per- Law with Abatement. The Word is chiefly ufed for the

the Lungs, becaufe they are dilated ; but thofe dilatt. becaufe the Air enters within them. Moris it the Dila- tation of the Breaft which draws in the Air, as is com- monly thought; tho this is a Condition absolutely necef- fary to Infpiration, but an act ual Intrufion of the Air into the Lungs. See Refpiration.

INSPISSATE, a Term ufed in Pharmacy for that O-

rhicker Confift-

formed by mixing the Medium impregnated with'the Mitmia taken from the Patient with fome fat Earth where- in has been fown the Seed of a Plant appropriate to that Difeafe ; but Care mull be taken from time to time to fprinkle it with the Water wherein the Part affecled has been waSh'd. 'Tis fuppofed the Difeafes will decline in proportion as the Plant grows. By Mitmia, is here meant a Part of the vital Spirit of the Patient.

Induction of a Dean, Prebendary, or other Ecclefiaftical Dignitary into the Poffeffion of his Stall, or proper Seat in the Cathedral Church to which he belongs : it is fome- times called Inftaltation. This Term is likewil'e common- lv ufed for that Ceremony wherein the Knights of the Garter are placed in their Rank atWtnafor. 'The Word is derived from the Lathi in and Stallutn, a Term ufed for Seat in Church, in the Choir, or a Seat or Bench at

INSERTION, a Term frequently us'd in Phyfic, to Court of Jultice.ljfT. _ Th7^Vof opinTon7tiIe Word

Iignity the Implication ot one Part within another. The is pure German

Infenion of the Bones, Mufcles, and Nerves in the Mem- INSTANT, is fuch a part of Duration, wherein we

bers of an Animal is exceedingly artful. The Vena Cava perceive no Succession; or is that which takes up the

has its Ine.-non m the right Ventricle of the Heart. Infer- time of only one Idea in our Minds. The Schools di-

um is alio ufed in Agriculture for the Incloling a Graft ftinguifh three kinds of Inftants; a temporary, a nam-

W S™- vT'fBOTt rn r ral, and a rational r^r. A temporary Inftant is a

INSESSUS, is a kind of Half-Bath, ufually prepared part of Time immediately preceding another .-Thus tho

with a Deccaton of feveral Herbs, proper for the lower l a ft Inftant f a Day p recerles immediately and really

the firft Inftant of the following Day. A natural Inflant

Parts, wherein the Patient fits down to the Navel. It has feveral Ufes, as the eafing of Pain, foftcning of Parts, difpelling of flatulent Matter, and frequently, promoting of the Menjes.

INSINUATION, a cunning and covert way of creeping into Favour. Infi 11 nation of a Will, among the Civi- lians, is the firft Production of it, or the leaving it with the Regiller in order to its Probate.

INSIPID, that which has nothing in it fharp or pun- gent enough to affect the Palate, Tongue, &c. and to oc- casion that Senfation we call Tailing.

1NSITIO, a Term in Botany, ufed in the fame Senfo with engrafting ; Signifying in general the Infertion and Uniting of any Cyon, Bud, " J

is what we otherwife call a Priority of Nature, which is obferved in things that are Subordinated in aBing ; as firft and fecond CauSes; Caufes and their Effects. For the nature of things requires, that if there be a fecond Caufe, there muft be a firfl ; and that there muft be a Caufe, if there be an Effect, A rational Injtant, is not any real Inflant, but a Point which the Undemanding conceives to have been before fome other Inftant, founded on the nature of the things which occafion it to be con- ceiv'd. For inftance, as God has made feveral things vo- luntarily, which he could, otherwife, have let alone 5 there is a reafonable Foundation to conceive God fuch as, iSc. into the Subiiance of the he is in himfelf, before he had made any of thofe volun- Stock: And is of various kinds. _ _ tary Determinations: but as there was "no real Inftant,

is a Preparation of when God had not form'd any Determination, this In-

INSOLATION, in Pharmacy, Fruits, Drugs, $£c. by expofing them

Sun's Rays ; either to dry them, or to bake or Sharpen them, as is done in Vinegar, Figs, &c. The Word comes from the Latin Verb injolare, which is ufed by Fliny and Columella, and Signifies to expofe to the Sun.

INSOLVENT, a Term applied to fuch Pernios as have not wherewithal to pay their juft Debts : A Perfon dying, and not leaving Estate Sufficient to difcharge thefe, is faid to die infolvent.

INSPECTOR, a Perfon to whom the Care and Con- duel of any Work is committed.

The Jews have an Officer in they call Infpeilor, |1H, Hbazan.

principally in infpecling or overlooking the Prayers and Leffons, in preparing and Shewing them to the Reader, and in Standing by him to rake care he reads right, and if he make Miitakes, to correct, him. In the Roman Law, Infpcftors were fuch Perfons as examin'd tho Quality and

the Heat of- the ftant is call da rational Inftant, by way of opposition to

an Inftant of Time.

INSTAURATION, the Re-eftablifhment of a Reli- gion, a Church, S?r. The Word is derived from the old Latin lnftav.ru.rn, which Signified every thing neceffary for the tilling and managing of Grounds ; as Cartel, Tools HarneSs, iSc '

INSTINCT, a Difpofition or natural Sagacity where- with Animals are endued, by virtue whereoi" they are en- abled, to provide for themfelves, know what is good for them, and determined to preferve and propagate ths their Synagogue, whom Species. It bears fome Analogy to Reafon, and Supplies . ^ His Buiinels confifts the Defea of it in Brutes. "

INSTITUTE, to ordain, found, or eftablifh any thing. Thus Mofes inftitutcd the Ceremonies of the Old Law, and Jefus Chriil the Sacraments of the New.

INSTITUTION, is the Act of the Bifhop, or ono commiffion'd by him to afl, whereby any Clerk is invefl- Value ot Lands and Errects, in order to the adjuiling or ed with the Spiritualities of a Reflory or Vicarage The proportioning Taxes and Impositions to every Man's Ellate. Clerk kneels down before the Bifhop whilft he pro INSPIRATION, among Divines, ISic. implies the con- nounces thefe Words of Institution. ■ (IxHiiuo te R-Borem veying of certain extraordinary and Supernatural Notices Eccleft* de A. B. cum Curt Jnimarum, & accipe Cumm tmm or Motions into the Soul Thus the Prophets are Said to tf „ K am) and the Clerk holds the written Instrument with have Spoken by Divine Injfiratjm; _ and the Sinner is con- the Epifcopal Seal annexed, in his hand during the Cere- mony. But the Clerk muft have Induflion after this, without which he has no Right to his Temporalities, if the Benefice be not a Donative. Before the Clerk is insti- tuted, he mull fubferibe the 59 Articles of Religion in the Prefence of the Ordinary (or his Substitute) and the Ordinary is not bound to offer them, but the Clerk is to ration is no more than a Direflion^ of the Holy bpint, ff e r to fubferibe them : and he muft fubferibe them which never permitted the Sacred Writers to be mistaken, without Referve, Exception, or Qualification, or elfe his And it is a common Opinion, that the Inffiratwn of the Institution is iffi failo vo id, and null, and the Church

verted, when he ceafes to refill the Infpirathn of Grace. Some Authors reduce the Inffiration ot the Sacred Wri- ters to a particular Care of Providence, which prevented any thing they had faid from failing, or coming to nought , maintaining they never were really infpired, either with Knowledge or Expression. According to M. Simon, Infpi-

Holy Spirit regards only the Matter, not" the Style Words; which Seems to fall in with M. Simon's Doctrine of Direction. Among the Heathens, their Priefts and PrietteSTes were faid to be divinely infpired when they gave Oracles. The Poets, too, laid claim to it ; and to this end, always invoked JpoUo and the Mufes at the be- ginning of any great Work.

Still vacant. At the fame time the Ordinary requires the Clerk to fubferibe the other two Articles, mention'd in the :<Tth Canon about the King's Supremacy, and the Lawfulnefs and Ufe of the Liturgy. The Clerk muft alfo before Institution fubferibe to that part of the Declaration enjoin'd by the Acl of Uniformity, 14 Car. a. c. 24. vij.