Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/35

 IN (3*0 IN

imbibed by two fmall Doffils of Lint j thefe are imme- ago repented the Power he had given the Churchmen II diately put into the Incifions, whilft the Matte,- remains having feen fome of the Fruits of it ; Pope Innocent IV

warm, and are kept on by a proper Bandage. In a day or two the Bandages are opened, the Lint thrown away, and only Colewort-Leaf applied over the Incifions. This Dref- Sing is continued daily. The Incifions ufually grow fore, inflame and inlarge of themfelves, and difcharge Matter more plentifully as the Diftemper rifes. The Eruptions generally appear within eight or ten days after the Opera- tion, during which time the Patient is not confined, or ob- liged to obferve a very lirict Regimen. The Practice feems to be ufeful, becaufe the molt proper Age, the moil favourable Scafon of the Year, molt regular Me- thod of Preparation, and all poffible Precautions may here be ufed, according to the WiShes of the Patient, his Parents, and Phyfician ; Advantages impoffiblo to be had when the Dillemper is caught in the natural way. It has alfo been conflantly obferved, that the bell fort of Small- Pox is hereby occafioned, that the Eruptions are few, the Symptoms light, the Danger next to none, the Recovery eafy, and that the Patient is equally fecured from this Diitemperfor thefuture, as he would be by having gone thro' it in the natural manner.

INORDINATE PROPORTION is thus: Suppofing .three Magnitudes in one Rank, and three other propor- tional to them in another, you compare them in a diffe- rent Order; as if there are in one Rank thefe three Numbers, i, 3, 9 ; and in another Rank thefe other three, 3. 24, 36, proportional to the precedent, in a different Or- der, fb that z Ihall be to 3 as 24 to 31?, and 3 to 9 as 8 to 24. Then calling away the mean Terms in each Rank, conclude the lirft 2 in the firft: Rank is to the laft 9, as S, the firfl of the other Rank, to the lad -,r>.

INOSCULATION. See Anaftamafis and Arfery.

IN PACE, a Latin Term, in ufe among the Monks, to Signify a Prifon, where fuch of them arc (hut up as have committed any grievous Fault. Formerly there us'd to be a world of Ceremony at the putting a Religious hi pace, but now 'tis not much regarded. Such as are (hut up in perpetual Imprifonmcnt, are alfo faid to be in face. Some- times alfo the words requiefcat in face are ufed by way of Allulion to a Cuftom in the Romijl Church, of praying that the Souls of the Defunfl may reft in Peace. Thofe words are alfo frequently feen at the bottom of Epitaphs, in lieu of thofe ufed by the antient Romans, S.T.T.L. i. e. Sit tibi Terr* lexis, Light lie the Earth ; S? fit humus Cine- ri nan onerofa tuo.

IN PROMPTU, a Latin word ufed among the trench, tho' but rarely in the Englifi. It Signifies a Piece made off- hand, extemporary, without any previous Meditation, by the mere Vivacity of Imagination. Many Authors pique themfelves on their in frtmftu'i, which yet were done at leifuie, and in cold blood.

INQU1RENDO, is an Authority given to a Perfon, or Perfons, to enquire into fomething for the King's ad- vantage.

INQUISITION, or the Holy Office, an Ecclefiaftical Jurifdiaion eltablilhcd in Spam, Vortical, and Italy, for the Trial and Examination of fuch Perfons as are fuf- pecfed to entertain any religious Opinions contrary to thofe profeffed in the Church of Rome. It is ^called Inqui- fition, becaufe the Judges of this Office take cognizance of Crimes on common Report, without any legal Evidence. Some People fancy they fee the Original of the Inquifi- tion jn aConftitution made by Pope Lucius, at the Coun- cil of Verona, in 1184. in regard he there orders the Bi- shops to get Information, either by themfelves, or by their Commiffaries, of all fuch Perfons as were fufpe&ed of Herefy ; and diftinguilh.es the feveral Degrees, of Suf- pecfed, Convicted, Penitent, and Relapfed, l£c. Howe- ver, 'tis generally allowed, that it was Pope Innocent III. who laid the firft Foundations of the Holy Office, and the Vaudois and Albi^enfies were what gave the occafion to it. He fent feveral Friefts, with St. Dominic at their head, to Tholottfe, in order to blow up a Spirit of Zeal and Pcrfe- cution amongft the Prelates and Princes. Thefe Miffiona- ries were to give an account to the Pope of the Number of Heretics in thofe Parts, and of the Behaviour of the Princes and Petfons in Authority, and thence they ac- quired the Name of Inquifitors ; but thefe original Inqui- sitors had not any Court, or any Authority, they were on-

with that their Lives

erected a perpetual Tribunal of Inquifitors, and deprived the Biihops and Secular Judges of the little Power the Emperor Frederic had left them. And this Jurifdiaion, which depended immediately on himfelf, he took care to introduce into moft of the States in Eurofe. But the In- quifitors were fo fiery hot, and made fuch horrible But- chery among the reputed Heretics, that they railed an univerfal Deteftation, even in fome Catholic Countries, themfelves. Hence it was that their Reign proved vers' fliort both in trance and Germany, nor was even Spain en- tirely fubjeft to them till the time of Ferdinand and Isa- bella in 1448, when their Power was increafed, under pre- tence of clearing the Country of ludaifim and Mahometa- niftn.

The Power of the Inquifition is very much limited in fome Countries, particularly at Venice, where it is received under fuch Modifications, as prove a great Check on. its Authority. Indeed at Venice it feems rather a political, than a religious Contrivance, and ferves rather for the Security of the State than of the Church. There are Ap- peals from the Subaltern Injiiifitions in Italy, to the Con- gregation of the Holy Office reiiding at Rome. 'Tis the conftant Practice of the Inquifition, to affecf, in all their Procedures, to infpite as much Terror and Amazement as poffible ; every thing is done with the profoundeft Si- lence and Secrecy, and with the greater! Rigour and Im- partiality. When a Perfon is feized, all the World aban- dons him, nottheneareft Friend dates fpeak a Word in his Defence ; that alone would be enough to render them fufpected of Herefy, and would bring them within the Ck«'!oftkeij,j«i/m w. The Criminals are feized, exa- mined, tried, tortured, and, unlefs they recant, con- demned and executed, without ever feeing or knowing their Accufers ; whence the Revengeful have a fair occa- fion of wreaking their Malice on their Enemies. When the Inquifition has done with them, and condemned them to death, they ate turned over to the Secular Arm, a world of Prayer and pious Intreaty, may not be touched. Time is no manner of Security in points of Herefy, nor does the Grave itfelf fhelter the Accufed from the Putfuits of the Inquifition ; even the De- ceafed have their Trials, and they proceed in all their Form and Solemnity againft dead Carcafes. The Execu- tions are always deferred till the Number of the Con- demned is very great, that the Multitude of Sufferers may ftrike the deeper Horror, and make the Scene more terrible and Shocking.

The Inquifition of Rome is a Congregation of twelve Car- dinals, and fome other Officers, where the Pope presides in Perfon. This is accounred the highclt Tribunal in Rome ; it began in the time of Pope Paul IV. on occafion of the fpreading of Lutheranifm.

The Inquifition is very fevere in the Indies. 'Tis true there mult be the Oaths of feven Witneffo.s to condemn a Man ; but then the Depofitions of Slaves or Children are taken. The Perfon is tortured till he condemns himfelf for his Accufers are never brought to confront him. Per- fons are accufed for the (lendereft Expreffion againft the Church, or even for a difrefpeflful Word of the Inquifi- tion. 1 he Standard of the Inquifition is a red Damask on which is painted a Crofs, with an Olive- Branch on one fide, and a Sword on the other, with thofe words of the Pfalm, Exurge, Doming, £y judica Can/am meam.

INQUISITION, in Law, is a manner of proceeding in Matters criminal by the Office of the Judge, or by the great Inqueft before Jullices in Eyre. Inquifitors among us are Sheriffs, Coroners fufer -vifum Corf oris, or the like, who have Authority to enquire into certain Cafes.

1NROLMENT, in Law, is the Regiftring, Recordings or Entring of any lawful Aft in the Rccords'of Chancery"; as a Recognizance acknowledg'd, or a Statute, or a Fine levied : or in the Rolls of the Exchequer, King's-Bench, or Common-Pleas, or in the Huftings at Guild- Hall, London, or by the Clerk of the Peace in any County.

INSCONCED, is a Term in the Military Art, implying that a Part of an Army have fortified themfelves with a Sconce or fmall Fort, in order to defend Tome Pail-, oee Scouczs.

tic.

INSCRIBED, in Geometry: A Figure is faid to be ly a kind of Spiritual Sp.es, who were to make Report of inferibed in another, when all the Angles of the Fiaure their Difcovenes to the Pope. The Emperor Frederic ^ II. inferibed touch either the Angles, Sides, or Planes of thd

at the beginning of the 13th Century, extended their Power very considerably, and committed the taking cog- nizance of the Crime of Herefy to a Set of Ecclefiaftical Judges ; and as Fire was the Puniflitnent decreed for the Obftinate, the Inquifitors determined indireflly with re- gard both to the Perfons and to the Crimes : by which means the Laity was cut off from its own Jurifdiaion, and abandoned to the Zeal and devout Madnefs of the fccclefiafhcs. Afterthe Death of Frederic, who had long

other Figure.

Inferibed Hyperbola, is fuch an one, as lies intire- ly within the Angle of its Affymptotcs, as the Conical Hyperbola doth.

INSCRIPTION, a Title affixed to any thing, to give fome particular Knowledge thereof. Antiquaries are very curious, in examining antient Ihlcriptions found on Stones and other Monuments of Antiquity. Sanchoniatho Cotem- poraty, as 'tis faid, with Gideon, drew moft of the Memoirs,.

whereof