Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/342

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ber of Pieces is fpecified as well as that of thofe they are charged withal, g;c.

Tales are bore various Ways, as Wavy, Crenelle, Faillis, Indented, Ingrailed, &c. There are alfo Cometed and Flaming Tales, which are Pointed, fometimes Waved, &c.

The Tele in an Armoury is a Mark of Jurisdiction. See the adjoining Figure ; He bears Gules a Tale Or.

A Goat is faid to be Taled, when it is equally charg'd with Pales of Metal and Colour.

It is Counter Taled when it is cut and the two Demi-Pales of the Chief, tho' of Colours the fame with thofe of the Point, yet differ in the Place where they meet; fo as if the firfi of the Chief be Metal, that correfponding to it, underneath, is of Colour.

The Coat is faid to be Talijfe, when the Tales are pointed like thofe ufed in the Defence of Places.

'Du Cavge derives the Word from the Latin Name Tallea, a Piece of Tapiftry. He adds, that the Ancients gave the Name Tales to the Hangings of Walls. Thus, a Chamber was faid to beTaled with Cloth of Gold, with Silk, £5?c. as confifting of Bands or Stuffs of two Colours. Hence the Origin of the Word Pale a Stake, g?c. The Arms of Arragonnre Taled withG«K and Gules.

Tertullian obferves, that the Romans planted Pales to ferve as Boundaries of Inheritances; and that they confecrated them to the God Terminus, under the Name of Tali terminates. Ovid tells us, they were crowned and adorned with Flowers, Fsfions, &c. The God was wotfhipped before thefe Tales.

In PALE, is applied to Things born one above another, in Manner of a Tale.

Tarty fer PALE is where the Shield is divided by a fingleLine thro' the Middle, from Top to Bottom. See Par- ity and Paly.

PALED Flowers, in Botany, are thofe that have Leaves fet about, or furrounding a Head, or Thrum ; as in Mari- polds, i£c

PALJESTRA, among the antient Greeks, a publick Build- ing,wherc the Youth exercifed themfelves in Wrcftling, Run- ning, Quoits, &c. See Gymnasium.

Some fay it confided of a College, and an Academy ; the one for Exercifes of the Mind, the other of the Body. But molt Authors rather take Teliefira to be a Xyftus or mere Academy for Bodily Exercifes, according to the Etymology of the Word imKai, Wreftling, one of the chief Exercifes amongit the An- cients. See Xystus.

The Length of the Tateftra was mark'd out into StaJia, each equal to 125 Geometrical Paces ; and the Name Stadium was given to the Arena whereon they ran. See Stadium.

PALiESTROPHYLAX, among the Ancients, was the Go- vernor of the Talceftra ; and of the Exercifes perform'd therein. See Palaestra.

This Officer was alfo called Xyflarcha. See Xystarch.

The Word is form'd from the Greek tj-aoa?^.,^ ^v\a^ Guar- dian.

PALILI A, a Feaft among the ancient Romans in Honour of the Goddefs Tales. Some call 'em Tarilia. See Feast.

They were celebrated by the Shepherds on the firft of May; to befeech that Goddefs to take care of their Flocks, and prc- ferve 'em from Wolves, and Difeafes.

Part of the Ceremony conlifted in lighting Heaps of Straw, and jumping over them.

PALILIClUM.inAftronomy.a fix'd Star of the firft Mag- nitude, in the Stiff s-Eye ; called alfo Aldebaran.

Its Longitude in Mr. Flamjfead's Catalogue is 5. 27*. 00". Its Latitude 5 . 29'. 49'. South.

Tliuy gives the Name Talilicimn to the Hyades. See Hyades.

PALINDROME, a Verfe, or Sentence, which runs the fame, read either backwards, or forwards.

The Word is Greek^a.\irS'ov-&, retro currens,mnmng back- wards : Such is the Verfe

Roma tibi fubito motions Hit amor.

Some People of Leifure have refined upon the Talindrome, and compofed Verfes, each Word whereof is the fame back- wards as forwards. As that Inftance in Cambden.

Odo tenet milium, madidam mappam tenet Anna, Anna tenet mappara madidam, mulum tenet Odo.

PALING, in Agriculture, l$c. a Kind of Fence- work, for Fruit-Trees, ££?<;. planted in Fields, gfc. See Fence.

It confifls of three fmall Polls driven into the Ground at a Foot and a HalfDiifance ; with Crofs-Bars nail'd to each other, near the Top.

In fixing the Tales in Form of a Triangle,Room is to be left for the Tree to play and bow by the high Winds without gal- ling.

The Trees to be bound to a Stake for a Year or two ; after which, Fern or Straw may be fluffed in betwixt the Tree and uppermoft Rails to keep it upright.

If the Place be open to Deer, Rabbets, or the like, a Poft to be nailed to the Bar between every two Pales.

PALINGEKESIA, a Term fignifying New Birth ; or th= Paffagc of the Soul of a Defunct, into another Body.

The Talngenefia is almoft the fame thing with the Me- tempfyebofis taught by Tythagoras, and Itill believed by the Brachmans, Banians and other Philofophers of the Eafi. See Metempsychosis.

The Word is Greek, form'd of aaiAw over-a^ain, a-new, and >2csok Genejis.

PALINODY, a Difcourfe Contrary to a preceding one.

Hence the Phrafe Tahnodiam Canere, to fing Tatinedy ; to make a Recantation.

The Word, in the original Greek, fignifies to ling a-freft.- Hence it has palled as a general Name for Poems, &c. which contain a Retraflation in Favour of a Perfon the Poet had be- fore offended.

The Poet Stejichorus is faid to be the firft Author of the Ta- linody. The fixth Ode of the I. Book of Horace beginning, O Matre pulchra, is a true Talinody.

PALINTOCIA, in Antiquity, a Term ufed in two Senfes. 1. For the Delivery of a Child a fecond Time : Thus tho fecond Birth of Bacchus, proceeding out of Jupiter's Thigh, was a Talintoda.

s. Talintociams alfo ufed for the Repetition of Ufury, or the refunding of Interefts. The Megarians, having exp'cll'd their Tyrant, ordained the Talintacia ; that is, they made a Law, that all the Creditors fhould return to their Debtors the Intcrells they had received for Monies lent.

The Word is form'd from the Greek -ziMv a-frefli, a-new, and to*©- of 77»7fi', I bring forth.

PALISSADE orPALISSADO, inFortification.anlnclofure with Stakes or Tales driven into the Ground, eight or nine Inches thick ; and nine Foot long, three whereof are hid un- der Ground.

It is ufed to fortify the Avenues of open Forts, Gorges, Half- moons, the Bottoms of Ditches, and the Parapets of Covert^ ways ; on the Talut of Ramparts ; the Top of the Out- works, &c.

There are TaliJJihloes made perpendicular ; others are made inclining to the Ground, that the Ropes calf over 'em, to tear 'em up, may flip.

Palissades turning, are an Invention of Mr. Coehomes, in order to preferve the Ta/ifades of the Parapet from the Be- fiegers Shot.

He orders them fo, that as many of them, as fland in the Length of a Rod, or in about ten Foot, turn up and down like Traps ; fo as not to be in Sight of the Enemy till theyjuft bring on their Attack ; and yet are always ready to do the pro- per Service of Taltifades.

Palissade, in Gardening, an Ornament in the Allies of Gardens, wherein Trees are planted, which bear Branches from the Bottom, and which are fpread in fuch a Manner, as to appear like a Wall covered with Leaves.

Talijfptdes are made of Jeffamin, Filarea, &c.

PALISSE, in Heraldry, 3 Range of TaliJ/ddes before a Fortification, repre- fented on a Fejfe, riling up a confider- able Height ; with the Field appearing thro' them. As in the Figure adjoin- ing.

PALL, in Heraldry, a Kind of Crofs, after the Manner of the adjoining Figure ; blazoned thus : He beareth Gules, a Crojs Tall Argent-.

PALLA, among the old Romans, a Mantle which Women Wore over the Gown, call'd Stola. See S tol a.

It was bore on the left Shoulder, whence patting to the other Side, under the right Arm, the two Ends were bound under the left Arm, leaving the Breaft and Arm quite bare.

It made abundance of Plaites or Wrinkles ; whence, accord- ing to Varro, it had its Name, viz. from to'mo', Vibro, I (hake, I am very moveable.

Among the Gauls there was alfo a Kind of Talla wore by the Men, call'd Gallica Talla.

PALLADIUM, in Antiquity, a Statue of the Goddefs T alias, preferv'd in Troy; whereon the Fate of the City de- pended.

The Tradition was, that In building a Cittadel, in Honour a^Tallas, and a Temple in the moft elevated Part thereof 5 the Talladinm dropp'd from Heavcn,and mark'd out thePlace, which the Goddefs was pleas'd to poflefs. After this, Apollo gave an Oracle, importing, that Tr-y ihould never be taken while the Talladium was found within its Walls: Which oc- cafioned T)iomed and UlyJJes to undertake the dealing thereof.