Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/341

 PAL ( 730 PAL

As little Oil therefore is to be ufed as pbflible, if 'tis de- which forms the Fore-part of the Palate. See Palate ££

fired to have the Colours keep frefh : For this Reafon fome Maxilla fuperior.

mix 'em up with Oil of Afpic, which evaporates immediately, PALATINATE, a Province or Signory, poffefs'd by a

yet ferves to make 'em manageable with the Pencil. 'Palatine; and from which he takes his Title, andDionitv. Sec

ToPaint on Stones orMetals,'tis notneceffary toapply Size, Palatine.

as on Cloth; it fuffices to add a flight Couch of Colours, be- The 'Palatinates, now fubilfling, are either thofe of Gcrma-

fore you draw your Defign; nor is even this done, on Stones ny or 'Poland.

where 'tis deiired rhe Ground Ihou'd appear, as incertain Mar- Thofe of Germany are the Principalities of the Upper and

bles of extraordinary Colours. Lower Rhine, i. e. of Bavaria and the Rhine. The Palati-

AU the Colours ufed in Frefio are good in Oil, except White nates, in 'Poland, are the Provinces and Diflricf s of the PJifi

of Lime and Marble- Duft. See Colour. Grandees or Senators, who are the Governors thereof.

Thofe chiefly ufed are White Lead or Cerufs, yellow and PALATINE, Count 'Palatine, or Comes 'Palatums in the

white MaJJicot, Orpiment, "Black Lead, Cinuaber or Vermil- ancient Cuftoms, was a Title given to all Perfons who had any

lion, Lacca, blue and green Afies, Indigo, Lamp-Black, Burnt Office or Employment in the Prince's Palace. See Count.

Ivcry, and Verdigreafi, (gc. See the Preparation, iSc. of each Matbteus fays, that 'Palatines were originally thofe who

under its proper Article, Ceruss, Orpiment, Vermillion, had the Super-intendance of the Palace; the fame with what

Lacca, Indigo, gfc. _ the Greeks call'd Curopolat£, and the French, Maitres 2te-

As to Oils, the beft are thofe of Walnuts, of Linfeed, Afpic, palais; tho', in Time, the Name became more general.

and Turpentine. The defficcative or drying Oils, arc a Nut-Oil The only Palatine of this Kind, now fubfifting, is the Pa-

boil'd with Litharge and Sandarac, others with Spirit of Wine, latino of the Rhinei

MaAic and Gum-Lacca. See Varnish. The Title Palatine was afterwards conferr'd on thofe de-

To have a Varnifli that ihall dry readily, they mix Spirit legated by the Prince to hold a Court of Juflice in fome Pro- of Wine with Turpentine. vince; and to fuch among the Lords as had a 'Palace, i. e. a

Painting in Water-Cchurs. See Limning. Court of Juflice in their own Houfes.

Painting;« Frefio. See Fresco. The French Writers make the Palatinates of Champagne

Painting in Miniature. See Miniature. to be the firft, who bore the Title; which, they will have iCthe

Painting on Glafs. See Glass. Germans and other People borrowed from them; not they

Painting in Enamel, See Enamel. from the Germans.

Painting in Mofaic. See Mosaic-Work. At prefent the Word Palatine is reflrained to a Prince of

PAIR, a Colleflive Term, ufed lor two equal and fimilar Germany, or a Lord of Poland poffefs'd of a 'Palatinate. See

Things ordinarily joined together; tho' more frequently for ar- Palatinate.

tificial Things, than for natural Ones. The Word is derived hence, that anciently the Emperors

Asa Pairot Gloves, ot Stockings, of Shoes, Sfr. fent the Judges of their Palace, whom they call'd Coxites

It is alfo ufed in compound Things, for two Parts alike each palatini, or Paltz-graves, to correct the Abufes of the other

other, tho' they only make one Whole; as a Pair of Scif- Judges in the Provinces of Saxony, Bavaria, Franconia, and

fars, iSc t he Rhine. See Palsgrave.

And for a Set or Syftem of feveral Things join'd to make in the Codes we find a Title, 'De Palatinis Sacrarum Ear-

another compleat, as a Pair of Bag-pipes, &c. and lallly, by gjtiomtm, who were a Kind of Treafurers of the Empire.

Extenfion, for a Thing that is fingle, as a Pair of Tables, igc. PALATINI Ltldi, among the Romans, were Games infli-

PAIR, Par, in Anatomy, an Affemblage or Conjugation tuted in Honour of Julius Co-far, as fome will have it, or as

of two Nerves, having their Origin together in the Brain or others, of Allgnlivs. See Games.

Spine, and thence diflributed into the feveral Parts of the 'TispretendedthatZfc calls 'em Augufiales; which fliould

Body, one on the one Side, and the other on the other. See f ee m to confirm the fecond Sentiment. "Indeed, 'tis certain,

Nerve. that he fays 7,ro/a inflituted particular Games on the Palatine

Thus wefaythe/>y?3>«i-, fecondPair, £f?r. the Par tits- Mount, in Honour of that Prince; but he apparently diftin-

fum, <Par quintnm, &c. and fometimes the Olfactory Pair, ouiflies them from thofe called Ausuflales. See Augus-

Ophthalmic Pair, tf,c. See Vacum. tales.

PALACE, Royal-Houfi, a Name generally given to the The Romans had alfo their Apollo palatinns, a Surname

Dwelling-Houfes of Kings, and Princes. See House. of that Deity, given him in refpeft of the Temple erected to

InCourfeofTime the Name has alfo been applied to the htmhy Augu Hits on the Palatine Mount, in Confequence of

Houfes of other Perfons; taking different Epithets.according to a Report of the Arufpices, which required it to be done : Au-

the Quality of the Inhabitants; as Imperial palace,R;yal 'Pa- guftus enrich'd ir with a noble Library, as is intimated by H:-

lace, Pontifical, Cardinal, Epifiopal, Ttucal Palace, &c. race, Lib. I. Epift. III. v. 25.

•Procopius derives the Origin of the Word Palace from a The Palatine Tribe was one of the four Tribes, into which

Greek, called Pallas, who gave his own Name to a magnificent Rome was anciently divided by Servius Tullus. See Tribe.

Houfe he had built: Adding, that Aiguftus after him, gave PALATO Salpingitis, called alfo Mufiulus Tuba nevus

the Name Palatium to the Houfe of the Roman Emperors Valfalvte, and Pterygoftaphilinus Externus, A Mufcle arifmg

on the Hill; which, for that Reafon, was called the 'Paterae broad and tendinous from the Edge of the lunated Part of

Mount. Others take it the contrary Way; and fay, thatico- the OsPalati, feveral of its Fibres being fpread on the Mem-

mtllus's Houfe, wherein Augtiflus lived, was properly called brane that covers the Foramen Narium; whence growino into

3Wam«»,becaufe fituateon the Palatine Mount. See Pal A- a fmall thin Tendon, it is reflected about the Hook life the

tine. _ _ Procefs of the innerWing of the Tr ccejJiisPterigoidreus interims.

Be this as it will, 'tis certain, Palatium, from a proper and is inferted carnous,"into all the membranous, flefhy, and

Name, in Time, became common to all Houfes of Kings, cartilaginous Parts of the Tube which leads from'the Palate to

And as the Kings ufually heard and determined Caufes in the Ear.

their Houfes, in what Part of the Realms foever fituate; It is ufed to dilate and keep open this Tube,

hence alfo Palatium became a Name for a Court of Juflice; PALATO-STAPHILINUS, in Anatomy,' a Mufcle call'd

thus the French have their Palais, &c. See Court. alfo Pterygoftaphilinus interims. SeePTERiGosTApmnNus.

PALANQUIN, a Kind of Chaife, or Chair bore by Men PALE a little pointed Stake, or Piece of Wood ufed in

on the Shoulder; much ufed by the People of China. anA the making Inclofures, Separations, &c. See Paliss \pe'.

Eaft, as a Vehicle for their Conveyance from Place to Place. The Pale was an Inflmmcnt of Punifhment and Execution

PALATE, Palatum, in Anatomy, the Fleffi that com- among the ancient Remans, &c. flill continues fo amon" the

pofes the Roof, i.e. the upper and inner Part of the Mouth. Turks. Hence Empaling; the palling a fliarp Pale the? the

See Mouth. Fundament up the Body. See Empaling.

The Palate is lined with a glandulous Coat, under which The Word comes from the Latin Palus, which fignifiss the

are great Numbers of pretty confpicuous Glands, fcatter'd in fame Thing; whence Pali/Jade, gfc.

theFore-part of it like Grains of Millet, with many Interflices, PALES) or Piles, in Carpentry, are Rows or Files of Stakes

whofe excretory Dufls, piercing the Membrane, open into the drove deep into theGround,to make wooden Bridges over Ri-

Mouth; but towards the Hind-part, they lie much thicker; vers. See Pallification. °

and about the Root of the Uvula are gathered fo clofe toge- They ferve tofupport theBeamswhich are laid a-crofs them,

ther, that they appear to form one pretty large conglomerate from one Row to another; and are ftrongly bound together

Gland, called by Verheyen, Glandula Conglomerata Palatina. with Crofs- Pieces.

Towards the Bottom of the Palate, behind the Uvula, is a |H1T#1T1 PALE, in Heraldry, one of the Honourable

pretty large Perforation which.ahttle fromits Orifice, divides ilj.'li ~ : .f Iflj I- Ordinaries of anEfcutcheon. SceOitBiNARY.

into two, each whereof goestoone of the Noftrils. The Pale is a Reprefentation of a Pale or

Many take the Palate to be the Organ of Tallin?. See i!-|i|!i|j Stake, placed upright, and comprehending

T ^ TE; ' r ,,,,.,•„ I ^: I. '; J) the whole Heighr of the Coat, from the Top

2to Laurener fays, the Palate has its Name from the La- ^^It :: UJ^ of the Chief to the Point.

tin Pali; becaufe enclofed with two Rows of Teeth, refem- ^V^ When finole, itis to contain one Third of the

bling little Stakes which the Latins call Pah. Breadth of the Shield. When there are feveral they are pro-

PALATIOs, a fmall fquare Bone, forming the Hind-part portioned fo, as that two take up two Fifths of the Shield; and

•t the Palate, and join d to that Part of the Os Maxillare three take up three Sevenths : and in thofe Cafes, the Num- ber'