Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/335

 OVA

( 6*80 )

OUN

trie MembranulK, White of an

replete with a limpid Humour like the Their Entry was on foot, fometirnes or, tejeback 5 bat found under the external Membrane never in « Chariot : and they wore Crowns of Myrtle, call d

of the Ovaries of Women, and connected to the minute Ori- fices of the Veficles that compofe the Subftance of the Ovaries themfelvesby a Calix. See Ovary.

After the ufe of Venery, they fwell fenfibly, become more and more pellucid, their Membranes grow thicker,

Ovales, having all the Senate attending in their Retinue.

The Word Qvtttit, according to Servius, is deriv'd from Oris, Sheep ; becaufe the Conqueror facrifie'd a Sheep on this occafion to Jufiter ; whereas in the great Triumph, they facrifie'd a bull. Others derive it from the Sound or Din of the Acclamations and Shouts of Joy made by the

ritf^fttt^ SSSI ^=5=35s«5^^rt*S2

detach'd from their Calix, taken into Fallofk

.... Tubes, and thence convey'd into the Womb ; where, being cherifh'd and impregnated with the Male Seed, they commence Embrio's ; or, for want of that, are again ejeaed. See Conception, Fallopian Tube, Ma- trix, EMBRIO, ££c. r r ~

Ova, in Architeaurc, are Ornaments in form ot i,ggs, carved on the Contour of the tWo, or Quarter-round ; and feparated from each other by Anchors or Arrows Heads. See Ovolo and QuARTERroW.

The Englifi ufually call thefe Ornaments Eggs and An- chors. .

Inftead of Eggs, the Antients fometimes ulcd Hearts ; on which Foundation it was, that they introduced Arrows ; to fymbolize with Love. .

OVAL, or EUifJis, is an oblong curvilinear Figure, with two unequal Diameters ; or, a Figure indofed with a (ingle curve Line, imperfeclly round, its length being greater than its breadth ; like an Egg, whence its Name. See Oblong. „, „.

The proper Oval, or Egg-ftiape, is an irregular Figure, being narrower at one end than the other ; in which it differs from an EUipfis, which is the Mathematical Oval, and equally broad at each end.

The common People confound the two together ; the Geometricians alfo call the Oval, a falje Elliffis. See El-

the Cavities of the on this occafion, redoubling the Letter 0, as in the greater

TheMethod of defcribing an Oval chiefly uted among Workmen is bv a Cord, or String, as F M E, (Tab.

Geometry BeVo whofe length ifequal to the greater it over again, and difpoling the Lines in a different manner terof the Oval, and which is fallen 'd by its Extremes See Printing, Correcting, iSc.

Triumph they did the Words Its Triomfhe.

The Ovation was firfl eftablifh'd in the Tear of Rome 150, or 151 ; in honour of the Conful Pojtbamtus Tubertus, after his defeating the Salines.

OVELTY of Services, in our Law-Books, an Equality of Services; as when the Tenant Paravail owes as much to the Mefn, as the Mefn does to the Lord Paramount.

OVER-RAKE, in the Sea-Language. When a Ship riding at Anchor, doth fo over-beat herfelf into an Head- Sea, that Hie is wafll'd by the Waves breaking in upon her ; they fay, the Waves do Over-rake her.

Over-reach, in the Manage, is when a Hotfe flrikes- his hind Feet againft his fore Legs.

The Word is alfo ufed for a Strain, or painful Swelling of the Mailer-Sinew of an Horfe ; occafion 'd by fuch Over- reach.

Over-plowing. See Inundation.

The Over-fowing of Lands, ufed by our Husbandmen, is chiefly effeaed by diverting the Streams of Rivers, Brooks, Land-Floods, or Springs, or fome part of them, out of their natural Channel.

When the Streams lie too low fot this, they are made ufe of to turn fuch Engines as may raife a fufficient Quan- tity of Water to do it. The moil ufual Engine, on this occafion, is the Perfian Wheel. See Persian Wheel.

Over-roling auObjetlion, in Law, is the rejeaing, or fetting it afidc.

Over-running a Page, among Printcrs.Js the running

Diame.-.

to two Points or Nails E,/, planted in its longer Diameter ; by which means the Oval is made as much longer, as the two Points or Nails are further a-part.

OVALE Foramen, in Anatomy, fee Foramen Ov ale.

OVALE Centrum, fee Centrum Ovale.

OVOLO, Ovum, in Architeflure, a round Moulding, whofe Profile, or Sweep, in the Ionic and Compopte Capi- tals, is ufually a Quadrant of a Circle ; whence it is alfo popularly call'd the Quarter-Round. SeeQtlARTER Round.

It is ufually enrich'd with Sculptures among the Antients, in form of Chefnut-Shells ; whence Vitrmiul, and others of the Antients, call it Echinus, Cbejmtt-Shell. See Echi-

" "Among us, it is ufually cut with the Reprefentation of Eggs, and Anchors, or Arrows-Heads, placed alternately ; whence its Italian Name Ovolo, Latin Ovum, and French Oeuf. See Ova. , .'.,.".

OVARY, in Anatomy, that Part of an Animal wherein the Ova or Eggs are form'd and lodg'd. See Ova.

The Ovaries in Women, are alfo call d Te/les Mulicbres, Female Tellicles ; from their Ufe, which the Antients fuppofed analogous to that of the TeJIes in Men. See

They ate two in Number ; lying near the ends of the Fallopian Tubes, two Fingers diftance from the Uterus, to which they are conneaed by a ftrong Ligament, call'd Fas deferens, and in fome meafure by the Fallopian Tubes, and the broad Ligament about the Region of the Ilium. They are faften'd to the Teritonmm by the Spermatic Vef- fels, by which means they are kept fufpended about the fame Height with the Fundus Uteri. See Uterus.

Their Figure is Semi-oval ; their Surface fomewhat un- even ; their Size different in the different Stages of Life. At the time of Puberty, when largeft, they ufually weigh

Feriunlum; their Subftance is whitifh, compos'd of a by the Incubation of the Parent, or fome other Principle ot Timber of little thin membranous and (lender Fibres, in- Warmth and Fermentation, at length arife Animals ; which
 * Ttev'wcover'd with a common Membrane from the Eggs' which they afterwards bring forth; and from which,

OVERSAMESSA, an antient Fine or Penalty, pos'd, before the Statute of Hue and Cry, on fuch Perfons, as hearing of a Murder or Robbery, did not purfue the Malefaaur.

OVERT-ACT, a Term in Law fignifying an of en AS ; or an Aft capable of being manifefted and proved : in which fenfe it is diflinguiih'd from an intentional AS.

So an Overt Word, is a plain, of en Word; from the French, Ouvert.

OVICULUM, in the antient ArchiteSure, a little Ovum, or Egg.

Baldus will have this to be the Lesbian AJtragal of Vitru- •vius. See Astragal.

Some ufe the Word Oviculum for Ovolo. See Ovolo.

OV1LIA, or Septa, in antient Rome, si. Place in the Camfus Uartius, at firft rail'd in, like a Sheep's Pen ; whence its Name : Afterwards it was mounted with Mar- ble, beautify'd with Walks and Galleries ; as alfo with a Tribunal, or Seat of Juflice: within which Precina the People frequently affcmbled, to give their Suffrages for the Eleaion of Magiftrates. See Campus.

The Afcent into the Ovilia was not by Staits, but by Bridges made for the time ; every Pari/h, Tribe, and Cen- tury, as the Affembly was Centurate or Tribute, i£c. ha- ving its proper Bridge. Whence the Proverb, de Tome de- jiciendui, where a Perfon is to be barred from giving his Vote. SeeCoMtTiA.

OVIPAROUS, in Natural Hiftory, a Term apply'd to fuch Animals, as produce their Young ab Ovo, from Eggs ; as Bitds, Infeas, &c. See Egg, Insect, Animal,

The Oviparous Kind Hands in oppofition to thofe which bring forth their Young alive, call'd Vivifarous Animals j as Man, Brutes, Reptiles, £Slc. See Generation, ££c_

Oviparous Animals, may be defined to be fuch as conceive

terwoven with Arteries, Veins, and Nerves.

Among thefe Fibres and Veffels are interfperfed a number of little round Bodies, like Bladders ; full of a limpid Subftance, and call'd Ova, or Eggs, of great Ufe in Generation. See Generation.

OVATION, in the Roman Hiftory, a lefler Triumph allow'd to Commanders, forViaories won without the Ef- fufionof much Blood; or for the defeating Rebels, Slaves, Fyrates, or other unworthy Enemies of the Republick. See Triumph.

after they have fpent the Moifture or Humour they were furrounded withal, and are grown to a fufficient Bulk, Firmnefs, and Force ; break their Shell, and come forth.

The Oviparous Kind, befide Birds, includes divers Spe- cies of Terreftrial Animals ; as Serpents, Lizzards, Tor- toifes ; Crabs, Lobfters, Frogs, £f?c. See Ovary.

OUNCE, Uncia, a little Weight, the fixteenth part of » Pound Avoirdufois; and the twelfth of a Pound Troy. See Weight and Pound.

The