Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/328

 ORD

There ate feveral Chappels, Chapters, Abbeys, &c. ex empred from the Jurifdiction of the Ordinary, See Chap- tsx, Abbey, £S?c.

The Komi/2, Canoniftscall the Pope Ordinary of Ordinaries, fince by the Later an Council he has ufurped the Right of Collating, by Prevention, to all Benefices; in exclusion of the Ordinary Collators. See Collation.

Ordinary of JJJizes and Ssffons, was a Deputy of the Bifhop of the Diocefe, antiently appointed to give Male- factors their Neck-Verfes, and judge whether they read or not ; alfo to perform Divine Service for 'em, and afiift in preparing them for Death.

Ordinary, or HoOTaraWeORDiNARY, in Heraldry, a Denomination given to certain Charges properly belonging tothatArt. SeeCnARGE.

The Honourable Ordinaries are ten in Number, viz. the Chief, Pale, bend, Feffe, Bar, Croft, Saltier, Che-iron, Bor- dttre, and Orle. See each in its Place, Chief, Pale,£5?c.

The Heralds give feveral Reafons for their being call'd Honourable ; viz-, i. Their great Antiquity, as having been ufed ever fince Armoury was fet on foot. And, a. for that they denote the Ornaments molt neceffary for noble and generous Men : Thus the Chief reprefents the Hel- met, Wreath, or Crown, covering the Head : The Pale reprefents his Lance or Spear: The Bend and Bar, his Belt: The Feffe his Scarf : The Crofs and Saltier, his Sword : The Chevron, his Boots and Spurs : And the Bordure and Orle, his Coat of Mail.

As to the allotting or distributing of thefe Ordinaries, fome Authors write, that when a Gentleman having behav'd himfelf gallantly in Fight, was prefented to the Prince or General, and a fuitable Coat-Armour ordered him; if he were wounded on the Head, they gave him a Chief; if in the Legs, he had a Chevron ; and if his Sword and Ar- mour were difcoloured wirh the Blood of Enemies, a Crofs or Bordure.

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ORD

orders that no Ordinations /hall beheld except on the firlr fourth, feventh, and tenth Months.

With us, Ordinanon-Daysve the fecond Sunday in Lent, """"J-Sunday, and the Sunday following the firlt Wed- nefday after September the 14th, and December the 13th.

Pope Alexander II. condemns Ordination per Jaltum, as they call it ; i. e. the Paffage to a fuperior Order without having pafs'd the inferior.

ORDNAiNCE, or ORDINANCE O/Ve, is the standing, grand Magazine of Arms, Habiliments, Inltrumenls and Utenfils of War, as well by Sea as Land ; not onl'y for thofe lodged in theTowcr, but in all the Garifons, Catties, Forts, i$c. in Great Britain, from whence, as occafion re- quires, his Majesty's Armies, iSc. are fupply'd. See Of- fice and Ordinance.

The Officers of the Ordnance are, the Uafler-Geueral, from whom are derived all Orders and Difpatches relating to the fame, as the Service fliall belt require. This Pott has of late been annexed to the Office of General and Cotnmand'erin Chief. See Master.

Under him is a Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance, who receives Orders from the Mailer-General, and the reft of the Prime Officers at the Board ; fees 'em duly executed 5 orders the firing of the Guns on Days of Rejoicing, and fees the Train of Artillery fitted out, when order'd to the Field. See Lieutenant.

Next to him is the Surveyor-General, who has the In- fpeflion of rhe Ordnance, Stores, and Provifions of War, in theCuftody of the Store-keepers; he allows all Bills of Debt, keeps a Checque on Labourers, gfc. See Surveyor.

Under thefe is a Clerk of the Ordnance, who records all Orders and Inflruflions given for the Government of the Office ; with all Patents, Grants, Names of Officers, £gc. draws all Eftimates for Provifions, and fupplies all Let- ters, Instructions, Commiffions, Deputations, Contracts,

-ions, &c. ferves as a Checque between the'two Acc'omptants of Some Authors have attempted to mcreafe the Number of the Office, the one for Money, the other for Stores.

honourable Ordinaries to twenty ; adding to thofe above- mentioned, the plain Quarter, the Giron, the Efcutcheon, Cappe dexter and finiiter, Emmanch dexter and iinifter, Chaiijfe dexter and finifler, and the Point. But thefe are not yet authorized.

ORD1NARII, in Antiquity, a fort of Gladiators ; be- ing thofe appointed to exhibit Combats on certain iiated days, i£c. See Gladiator.

ORD1NATES, in Geometry, and Conies, are Lines drawn from any Point of the Circumference of an Ellipfis, or orher conic Section, perpendicularly a-crofs the Axis, to the other fide. See Conic Sethon.

The Latins call 'em Ordmatim applicatce : Such are the Lines M M, (Tab. Conics, Fig. 26.) half of each of thefe, as the Lines E M, are properly only Semi-ordinates, tho' popularly call'd Ordinates. SeeSEMi-CVt/mate,

In Curvesof the fecond Order ; if any two parallel right Lines be drawn fo as to meet the Curve in three Points : aright Line which cuts thefe Parallels lo, asrhartheSum of two Parrs terminating at the Curve on one fide the Se- cant, is equal to the third part terminated at the Curve on the other fide ; will cut all other right Lines parallel to thefe, and that meet the Curve in thtee Points, after the fame manner ; i.e. fo as that the Sum of the two Parts on one fide will be always equal to the third Part on the other fide ; and thefe three Parts equal on either fide, Sir Ifaac Nezvton calls Ordinathn applicatx, or Ordinates of Curves of the fecond Order, See Curve.

ORDINATE ina Parabola, p CParaboea.

Ordinate in an Hyperbola, f See-S Hyperbola.

Ordin ate in an Ellipfi', ^ ^.Ellipsis.

ORDINATE Ratio, is that wherein the Antecedent of the first Ratio is to its Confequent as the Antecedent of the fecond is to its Confequent. See Ratio.

ORDINATION, the Action of conferring Holy Or- ders ; or of initiating a Candidate into the Diaconate, or Prieflhood. See Orders.

The Ordination of Bifhops is properly call'd Confecration. See Bishop and Consecration.

Ordination has always been eileem'd the principal Pre*, rogativeot Bifhops ; and rhey Hill retain the Function as a Mark of Sovereignty in their Diocefe. In the antient Difcipline, there was no fuch thing as a vague and abfolute Ordination ; but every one was to have a Chutch, whereof he was to be ordained Clerk or Prieft.

In the nth Century, they grew more remifs, and or- daincd without any Title or Benefice. See Benefice.

The Council of Trent reftorcd the antient Difcipline, and appointed that none fhould be ordained but thofe who were provided of a Benefice fufficient to fubfift 'em. The Shadow of which Practice Hill obtains among us.

The Reformed hold the Call of the People the only thing effential to the Validity of the Ministry ; and teach, that Ordination is only a Ceremony which renders the Call more Auguftand Authentic. The Council of Rome in 744,

This Office hath alfo a Store-Keeper, who takes into his Cuftody all Ordnance, Ammunition, Stores, S?c. thereto belonging ; and indents, and gives in legal Security for rhe fafe keeping thereof; and renders an exact Account from time to time.

Here is alfo a Clerk of the Deliveries, whofe Duty is to draw up all Provifions, either at the Tower, or any other of his Majefty's Magazines, to fee them duly executed, gfr. And a Treafurer, thro' whofe hands paffes the Money of the whole Office, as well for payment of Salaries, as Debentures.

ORDONNANCE, or Ordinance, in Painting, tho Difpofition of the Parts of a Painting, either with regard to the whole Piece, or to the feveral Parts ; as the Groups, Maffes, Contrails, Afpeds, tfc. See Painting.

Tie Doflrme of Ordonnance is compriz'd in tie following Rules.

In the Ordonnance there are three things regarded, viz. the Place, or Scene, where ; the Distribution, how ; and the Contrail.

In the firft, regard is to be had to the Difpofition of things to ferve as a Ground- Work ; and to the Plan, or Petition of Bodies : Under the former whereof, come, 1. The Landskip ; whether an uninhabited Place, where there is a full liberty of reprefenting all the Extravagancies of Nature; or inhabited, where' the Marks of Cultivation, 5J?c. mull be exhibited. SeeLANDSKip.

z. The Building, whether Rullic ; wherein the Painter's Fancy is at liberty : Or Regular ; wherein a nice Atten- tion is required to the Orders. See Order.

5. The Mixture of both ; wherein 'tis a Maxim to com- pofe in great Pieces, and make the Ground-Plot big enough 5 to negled fome little Places, in order to bellow more on the whole Mafs ; and to (hew the more confiderable Places with the more advantage ; and to make fome Agitation in all the things that move.

As to the Plan of Bodies ; they are either folid ; which again, arc either fo by Nature, and which muff be pro- portion'd ro their Places ; or Artificial, where regard muft behadjo the Rules of Geometry, Perfpective, Architec- ture, iSc. Or they move ; which they do, either by avo- lunrary Motion, wherein care muft be had to proportion 'em to theit Situation, and to ftrengthen 'em by the re- garding Equilibrium ; or by fome extraordinary Power, as Machines, ci?c. where the Caufes of their Morions muft appear. Or they are things at a diflance. In all which, an even Plane mult ftill be propofed to find their precife Si- tuation, and fettle their Place by fudden breaks and distan- ces agreeable to their Perfpective. See Equilibrium, Perspective, £S?c.

In placing the Figures, regard muft be had, 1. To the

Group, which connects the Subject, and ftays the Sight.

In this are to be confident! the Knot, or Nodus, which binds

the Group ; and the Nearnefs of Figures, which we may

8 I call