Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/312

 OMB

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Will attempt for it, he henceforth is call'd the Omhrc ; and the other two become leagued together, like two Partners at Whisk, to defend it againll him. Note, each has the re- fufal of being Ombre, according to his Order of Seniority.

There are two ways of his undertaking for the Game : In the firft, which is the mod ufual, after chufing what he willhave Trumps, he difcards, or lays afide what number of his Cards he pleafes, and in their lieu takes an equal Number from the remainder of the Pack ; the like do the other two. The other way is, when he dare truft to his own Hand, and therefore declines to difcard, or change any Cards, but leaves that to the others 5 which is call'd playing/nns frendre : If he gains the Point in this latter Cafe, he reaps fomewhat extraordinary, more than in the firft.

If he fail, he is faid to be beafied ; and the Failure is call'd a Remife, or Refuejle ; and if one of the Defenders of the Stake win more Tricks than he, he is faid to win Coddle, and takes up the Stake the Ombre play'd for : And in both cafes, the Ombre is to forfeit the Value of the Stake play'd for to the Board.

If the Ombre win all the nine Tricks ; it is call'd win- ning the Vole, and he reaps doubly $ and if he attempt it, and mifcarry, he fuffers proportionably. The Overfights, and Irregularities committed in the courfe of the Game, are call'd Beajies, and fubject the Perfons chargeable therewith to Forfeitures.

Laflly, as to the Order and Value of the Cards at Ombre, it is to be obferv'd, that the Ace of Spades, call'd Sfadtte, is always the firft or higheft Trump, in whatever Suit the Trump be 5 the Duce of Trumps, when Trumps is of either of the black Colours 5 or the Seven, ifof the black, is thefe- cond Trump, and call'd Mamlle 5 the Ace of Clubs, call'd Bajlo, the third ; and if either of the red Suits be Trump, the Ace of that Suit, call'd Punto, the fourth. The reit in the blackSuits are valued according to the following Order, viz. King, Queen, Knave, Seven, Six, Five, Four, and Three. In the red Suits they follow thus 5 King, Queen, Knave, Duce, Three, Four, Five, and Six.

The three firft, or principal Trumps, are call'd Mata- dores ; which have this Privilege, that they are not obliged to attend an inferior Trump when it leads 3 but for want of another fmall Trump, the Perfon may renounce Trumps, and play any other Card. Add, that if the three Matadores be in the hands of the Ombre, in cafe he be beaded, he is to forfeit for 'em 5 or, if he gain his Point, he is to have a Confideration for 'em 5 but for nothing lefs than three. And it mult be further noted, that the Trumps immediate- ly fucceeding thefe, -viz. Punto, King, Queen, cjfe. if they be found in the fame hand with the former, are alfo re- puted as Matadores, and to be allowed, or forfeited for like the reit : And this as low as the Sequence reaches with- out interruption.

There are fome Varieties in the manner of playing the Game of Ombre: Sometimes he who hvsSpadille, is oblig'd to play, let his Game be ever fo bad ; which is call'd Farce SpadiUet Sometimes, when all have pafs'd, a Perfon undertakes the Game on condition of difcatding, and ma- king up his hand e'er he names Trump ; which is call'd Gajcarille.

In Ombre, by jive, which fome even prefer to that by three, as not requiring fo much Attention ; only eight Cards a- piece are dealt 5 and five Tricks mull be won, otherwife the Ombre is beajted.

Here the Perfon who undertakes the Game, afternaming the Trump, calls a King to his Affillance ; upon which, thePerlon inwhofehand the King is, without difcovering himfclf, is to affiit him as a Partner, and to fhare his Fate. If between both, they can make five Tricks, the Ombre wins ; and then the auxiliary King fhares the Spoil ; and •vice verfa.

If the Ombre venture the Game without calling in any King 5 this too is call'd playing fans Prendre $ in which cafe the other four are all againll him, and he mult win five Tricks alone, or be beajied. The reft is much the fame as by three 5 mutatis mutandis.

Ombre de Soleil, in Heraldry, Shadow of the Sun, is when the Sun is borne in Armoury, fo, as that the Eyes, Nofe, and Mouth, which at other times are reprefented, do not appear.

OMELET, a FricafTee, or Preparation of Eggs, with other Ingredients in a Pan, very ufual in Spain.

Menage derives the Word from the Italian Ammella, little Soul 5 which, he fays, that People ufe for the nice Bits among the Entrails of Fowls, ££c. ufed for Fricaffees, as Livers, Hearts, Kidneys, Gizzards, $c. From whence, byrefemblance, isform'd Amelette, a FricafTee of Eggs : '1 ho Tripod derives the Word from ana, together, and aus/i', to dilute, moiften, mix 3 and M. de la Matte le Vayer from the French Oeuf, Egg, andmelez, mingled.

The Forms of Omelets are various : A noted Author in this way, prefers the following one. The Eggs being

beaten, are to be feafon'd with Salt and Pepper, and then fried in Butter made boiling hot : This done, Gravy to be poured on, and the whole ftrew'd with Chives and Pariley Hired fmall. When one fide is fried enough, it is to be turn d on the other.

There are alfo Omelets with Sugar ; Farad Omelets ; Ome- lets the Turkifi way, S£?c

OMEN, a Sign, or Indication of fomethin? Future, ta- ken from the Mouth of a Perfon (peaking.

Feflus derives the Word Omen from Oremen, quod Jit ore. See Augury.

Omen Przrogativum, among the Romans, was the Vote of the firft Tribe or Century, in their Comitia.

When a Law, &C. was propofed, or an Election to be- made, an Urn was brought in to the Priefls there prefentj into which were caft the Names of the Tribes, or Centu- ries, or Curia 3 as the Comitia wete either Tributa, or Centu- riata, or Curiata. And the Lots being drawn, that Tribe- Century, S?c. whofe Name came up firft, was call'd Tri- bus, or Centuria Prerogative, becaufe their Voices were ask'd firft. And fo much did the Romans depend on this Prero- gative Century, that the reft generally follow'd them. Hence a Perfon who had the Voices of the Prerogative; was faid to have the Prerogative Omen.

OMENTUM, in Anatomy, the Caul, Epiploon, Rete, or Reticulum, a fat, thin Membrane fpread over the ' In- teftines, and following them in all their Sinuofities. See Intestines.

It reaches from the bottom of the Stomach (to which it is connected) to the Navel, at which it ordinarily termi- nates ; tho in fome Subjects it goes further, fo as upon a Rupture of the Peritoneum, to fall into the Scrotum. Be- fides the Stomach, it is falien'd to the concave Part of the Liver, the back fide of the Duodenum, part of tie Colon the Back, and the Spleen ; its other Extremity to the fmall Guts.

Its Form rcfembles that of a Pouch, or Sachel, which maybe inflated with a Blow-pipe to the Capacity of a Gallon.

Its Subftance is membranous, confiding of two Leaves or Coats, between which, and on the Surfaces of which' are innumerable Veins, Arteries, Nerves, and Vafa Adi- pofa, or Fat Veffels, vatioufly interwove, and by their In- terferons dividing the Part into a Multitude of little JreoU refetnbling the Mafhes of a fine Net 5 whence its Name' Rete. '

The Fat, in its proper Ducts, running along with the other Veflels, renders thefe AreoU very obfeure 3 while the intermediate Spaces are fill'd with a ttanfparent Mem- brane, full of fmall Holes ; fo that the whole appears a beautiful kind of Net. Its Arteries come from the Celiac and Mefemerics, and its Veinsrun to the Porta, and are call'd Epiploic* 5 itsNervesfrom the Intercoflals.

The Fat, hete, as in the Membrana Mipofa, is either brought by the Duels into the Adipoje Cells, or deliver'd from the Cells into the Ducts 5 for the Finenefs of the Vef- fels, 2?c. renders their Courfe exceeding difficult to trace : 'Tiseven doubted whether or no they be hollow. Malpi^hi and many others, incline to the former Opinion ; and rake the Omentum to be nothing elfe but a large Pouch, full of innumerable little ones, fill'd with Fat 5 they add, 'thai the DuBusJdipofi are real Veffels arifing out of the Omentum, and fpreading themfelves, by means of the Membrana Adi- pofa, throughout the whole Body 5 diftributing Fat to every Part, in the fame manner as the Arteries diilribute Blood. SeeFAT and Ductus Adipoji.

The particular Ufe of the Omentum is to promote the Fcriliali'C Motion of the Guts, by lubricating them with its oily Subftance, which tranfudes thro' its Pores; and by following them in their Doublings and Windings, to ferve as a Boiller to Hide upon ; and by filling up their Hollows preventing their being too much diflcnded with Flatulencies' yet giving way to them when teplete with Aliment.

The Omentum is ftngle in all Animals, excepting Mon- keys, in which it is triple or quadruple.

OMOPHORIUM, a little Cloak, antiently wore by the Bifhops, over their Shoulders 5 thereby to reprefent the good Shepherd who brings home the flray'd Sheep on his Shoulders.

For this reafon it was put off" at the opening of tha Gof- pels, becaufe then the true Shepherd Jefus Chrift, wasfup- pofed prefent in Perfon.

Some confound the Omophorium with the Pallium wore by rhe Patriarchs ; but there was this difference, that the Pallium was a long Cloak, of Purple, and was peculiarly re- ferved for Patriarchs : tho fince given to fome Bifhops by way of distinction. See Pallium.

The Word is pure Greek, form'd from £(j.os, Shoulder and p5?«, I carry.

OMOPLATE, in Anatomy, is ufed in the general for the Shoulder j bur, particularly for two Bones fituate on the hind part of the upper Ribs, one on each fide.

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