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rer wherein God thought good to guide and govern his People under the Ministry of Mafes.

'In is included not only the Political and Ceremonial Laws, but alio the Moral Law, inafmuch as it pronounced a Curie on all thofe who did not fulfil it perfectly.

Evangelical, or Chrijiian Oeconomy or Vifpenfat'nn, is

ufed in opposition to the Legal ; and comprehends all that and /having the Beard.

with the fame, till the Inflammation be out of all dan- ger.

The Word is form'd from the Greek &>■©-, Wine, and ikatov, Oil.

OENESTERIA, in Antiquity, Sacrifices, held by the Youth of Athens, before the firtt time of cutting the Hair,

relates to theCuvenantof Grace, which God has made with Men by Jelus Chrift.

OECUMENICAL, signifies as much us General, orUtii- verj.it,

The Word is form'd of the Greek oitu^viKoi, of ouk^sph, the nabitable Earth ; or, the whole Earth.

In this fenfe we lay, an Oecumenical Council, or Synod ; meaning one at which the whole Chrittian Church aflisied, or were invited ro. See Council.

Thefe Sacrifices were offer 'd to Hercules ; and the Quan- tity of what was offer'd was regulated by Law.

The Etymology of the Word, which .oracs from h>@- Wine, fhews that the Matter thus offer'd was Wine.

OENOPTE;,, a kind of Ofticer or Cenfor at Athens, who attended at their Featis, regulated the number of Cups each was ro drink, and took care that none drank too much or too little.

Thofe who would not be kept within the bounds of Tem- Dtt Cange obierves, that many of the Patriarchs of Can- perance, were prefented by the Oenaptes to the Areopagus. Jtantiwfie, affumedto thcmlelves the Quality and Denomi- They were alfo caii'd Eyes, Oculi.

nation of Oecumenical Patriarchs ; particularly John the Faflef OESOPHAGjtUS, in Anatomy, one of the Mufclesof in 590, and Cyril his Successor, the Pharynx, which it encompaffes round like a Rino. Sea

Gregory the Great of Rome, was exceedingly enraged at it ; Pharynx. pretending it wasa Title of Pride, and a Character of Anti- 'Tis {ingle, and ferves to fqueeze the Aliment down, by cunlt ; as fuppofing the Title Oecumenic to imply Univerfal doling the Pharynx after the manner of a Spbinller ; whence Biihop, or Bifhop of all the World ; whereas, in effect., it fomc cjll it the Spbh tier Gal* ; others call it theXWut/tor imply'd no more, than the Quality of Chief of the Ealtern or Swallower. SeeSpHiNCTER, Declutition &c. ' Church ; in like manner as rhe firft Doctor of the Church Dr. Drake will have it no more than a Production of the ofConjiantinople was call'd Dollar Oecumenicits. Pterygopharmgeus, whofc Fibres furround the Pharynx from

The Title Oecumenical Bifhop was firft offer'd Leo I. but a tendinous Line on the back part of it : Tho Verheyen berehifed it 5 nor did his Succeffors accept of it for al..ng make< it a diftincl Pair.

time. The 5th Council of Omftaiaimfle gave it to John, OESOPHAGUS, in Anatomy, the Gula, or Gullet ; a Patriarch ut the City ; tho fome of the Romanifts pretend membranous Pipe or PasTage, whereby our Food and Drink is that the Emperor Phacas gave it, by way of Preference, to convey 'd to the Stomach. See Food, tffc. the Bilhop of Rome. The Oeftfhagm. defcends from the Mouth to the Sto-

Kut thofe ot Corframimfle have preferv'd it ; and fo late madi, between the AJ'pera Arteria and the Vertebra of the as the Council of Unfit, that Patriarch ufed the Title. But Neck and Back, ina'ilrait Line, excepting for a little de- Oecumentcal here is only to be understood as of the Extent of flection about the fifth Vertebra of the Thorax, where it turns each Patriarch. See Patriarch. a little to the right, ro make wayfor the great Artery, which

OEDEMA, or Oedematous Tumor, a Tumor which runs alung with it to the ninth ; where turning again to- appears whitifh, foft, and lax, without any notable change wards the lad, it crofses the Artery, and piercing the Dia- of Culour, Heat, Pain, or Pulsation ; and which yields to phtagm, ends at the left Orifice of the Stomach. Sea the Preffure of me Finger fo as for fome time to retain the Stomach.

Dent or Impression rhereof. See Tumor.

The general Caufe of Oedematous Tumors, is vulgarly fup-

pofed to be a Pituita, as it is call'd, or a phlegmy Humour in

the Body. Contufions, Fractures, Luxations, $$c. when of

lon£ ltanding, often give rife to Oedemas, efpecially in Drop- rfr-.f j a j t>..-r. r~ j- : 1 *r- • ' .. r ,-

It consists of feveral Coats or Membranes, ufually rec- koned three ; tho fome make four, others five or fix, allow- ing the Crtaia Vittaja to be one: Which lafl division, Dr. Drake follows as moft accurate. '

The firif Coat is membranous, and only defign'd for a Co-

fical and Aged Perfons ; fo do irregular Living, want of vering for rhe reft ; and fee ms only a' continuation of the Exercife, Ruptures, Diforders of the Lymphatics, Defluxions outward Membrane of the Stomach, derived from the Pe- al Humours, Weaknefs of the Joints, SJ?c. ritameum, tho fome derive it from thePleura, and others

Its chief Seat is the Legs : In a Leucophlegmatia, the from the D ; aphragm.

whole Body is Oedamataus. It frequently comes upon other The feco d is Mufcular, confining of flrong, flefhy Fi-

Difeafes, efpecially Climes; and is familiar to Women.with bres, like other Mufcles; fo that it feems to make the

Child. 'Tis dangerous when it tends to an Alcefs; when it Guile: a hollow fistulous Mufcle. According to Stena and

hardens, it becomes fchirrous. SeeOEDEMATOus. Willis, it confills of two Orders ofFibres, going from top to

Hippocrates ufes the word Oedema for any Tumor in bottom in fpiral Lines, contrary to and decuffating each

general. other. Which Defcription is very exact of the Gullet of

There are alfo Spurious Oedema's; in which cafe the pi- Ruminants, but not fo of that of Men. In Men it con-

tuitous Humour is mix'd with other Humours ; whence the fiits of two flefhy LamelU, like two distinct Mufcles:

Tumor becomes Eryfipelatous, Schirraus, and fometimes The outward compofed of llrait longitudinal Fibres - the

Gypfous ; and hence Wens, J=?c. inner of annular Fibres, without any observable Angles.

The Word comes from the Green; o't/stv, whence eiAps, The ufe of this Coat is to promote Deglutition : The lonoi-

a Tumor contrary to Nature. tudinal Fibres, when in contraftion, ffiortning the Oefatha-

OEDEMATOUS, in Medicine, fomething that is of pu, and making its Capacity larger to admit of the Mat-

the nature of an Oedema ; fesz'd, or afni<3ed with an ter ro be fwallow'd ; and the annular, on the contrary, con-

Oedema. trailing the Capacity, and clofing behind the defending

Thus wefay a.n Oedematous Arm, Oedematous Legs, &c. Aliment, pre fs it downward. So that the two Orders of

The Phyficians divide Tumours into Inflammatory, Oede- Fibres feem to aft as Antagonift-Mufcles to each other. See

matous, Schirrous, Scropbulous, Cancerous, c. See Tumor. Deglutition.

Oedematous Tumors feldom, of themselves, prove dange- The next Coat, call'd the Vafcular, confills of a double

rous, or mortal ; but when they are of long continuance, Membrane ; the outer form'd of irregular Fibres and in-

the effect of old Age, or a dropfical Habit ; when they numerable Veffels interwoven ; the inner, of ftrait lonoi-

grow hard, fchirrous, painful, or come to fuppurate, the tudinal Fibres mix'd with little Glands; whence fome

Cure is generally tedious and uncertain. Thofe which at- call it the Glandulous. This Membrane adheres clofely to tend Wounds, Fractures, or the like, are lefs difficult to cure. See Oedema.

They are easily difcufs'd in their firft Formation by the external Application of Solutions of Bay-Salt, Nitre, crude Sal Armoniac, ££c. in Sfanijh Wine, Urine, Lime- Water, or other lixivious Fluids ; while the Patient fubmits to a Courfe of Purgatives, to difcharge the Matter repell'd by fuch Applications.

'Under the Clafs of

another within, call'd the Nervous.Coat, which is exceeding- ly fine, and made up of excessively {lender Fibres, varioufly difpofed. It is continued to that which covers the Fauces Mouth, and Lips ; whence it happens, that tickling the bottom of the Fauces by vellicating this Membrane, pro- vokes a retching to "Vomit. See Vomiting.

This Membrane is the Organ of Senfation ; and in this

Fart, as fome think, is the Seat of Third, or the Organ

Oedemata us Tumors, are ranked Candy- whereby the Appetite of Drinking is excited. SeeTmstsT.

lomata, Crifu, Rhagades, Tbymi, Talpx and Nates, the Gantlia and Pjydracium. See each under its proper Article, Co dyloma, Crista, £fjc,

It is lined inwardly with a villous Cruft, which Dr. Draki, takes to be the excretory Duels of the Glands, and not un- like the Cntra/uofthe Cutis, to defend the subjacent Mem- OENELjEUM, in Pharmacy, a Mixture compofed of brane. In Excoriations, this is fometimes caft out at the thick black Wine and Oil of Rofes. Mouth.

In Fraflures with Wounds, where the Bone is not bare, The upper opening of the Oefophatus, situated at rhe bot Scttltetus orders that the Compreffes, to make them flick, be torn of the Fauces, is call'd the Pharynx. See Pharynx drench'd with OentUum, to footh the Pain, and prevent an OESYPON, akind of fatty Mucilage, of the confidence Inflammation ; and the Bandages to be every day moiflen'd of an Unguent } of a greyifh Colour, and a fickifh. dif-

agreeabU.