Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/304

 OCE

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OCT

OCCULTATION, in Agronomy, the Time a Star, or The, Inferior, or American Ocean, is that vaft Part of the

Kanetj is hid from our Sight in an Edipfe. Sec Eclipse. GrandOcean which wafhes the Coaas of America - unknown

Circle of perpetual Occulta! ion, is a Parallel m an in gteat meafure at lcatt, to the Antjentsi. It is divided

oblique Sphere, as far difrant from [he depreffed Pole, as into three Farts, viz.

the Pole is from the Equator. i. The North Sea, which wafhes the Eaftern Coafta of

Between this Line and the Pole, all the Stars contain 'd, America, from the Arctic-Circle to the Tropic of C««

do never rife; but lie constantly hid under the Horizon ot p-icorn.

the Place. a. The Magellanic-Sea, extending from the Tropic of Gt-

OCCUFANCY, in the Civil Law, is the Puffeffion of ffrkorn to tjbe Terra AuShalis Incognita.

fuch things as at prelent belong to no private Perion;>, bur, 3. The South-Sea, or Pacific, which wafhes the We fern

however, are capable to be made fo; as by feiz'ng or Coahs ot" America to the Eait, as tar as the lile of Thieves •

talcing of Spoils in War 5 of things wild by Nature, as and from South to North from tie Tropic of Capricorn to

Birds, and Bcalts for Game, 0c, or by finding things be- the Land of "3eJfo.

fore undifcoveted, or truly loll, or lolt by their proper For the Saltnefs of the Oce an, fee Saltness.

Owners.

OCCUPANT, in Law. If a Tenant hold Lands, &c. fortheTerm of another's Life; and fuch Tenant die firft, leaving that other to furvive j he that firft entets to hold that Term out, is call'd an Occupant, by reafon his Title comes by the fir it Occupation.

So if a Tenant for his own Life, grant over his Efrate to another 5 if the Grantee dies, there /hall be an Occupant.

OCCUPATION, in Law, the putting a Man out of his Freehold in time of War.

This is all one with the Dijfeifm in time of Peace; only

lor the Tides, vtferoed m r&eOcEAN, fee Tides.

Thii. Sachfim, in 1664,, printed a Didertation entitled, Oceania Microcofnucns, dedicated to Bartholin 5 wherein be /hews that there is a circular Motion in the Waters, like that ot the Blood in the human Body : That they all come from the Ocean, and return thither again* The Thought is Solomon*, Eecief. eh. 7. See Vapour, Spring, &c.

The word Ocean comes from the Latin Oceanus, of the Greek u-j^av'oi, which bufiathius fetches from *^'«f v&ut, to Hide fwiftly. Oihers fay, the Greeks bortow'd it from the Phmiiciuns, who call'd the Circumference of the Ocean

that the former is deem'd not fo great an Offence. See Og, from the Hebrew Jin Hbog, Circiiit, Amb

Disseisin.

The Word is alfo ufed for the Holding, Tenure, or Poffef- fion 5 as when it is laid, fuch Land is in the Tenure or Oc- cupation of fuch a Man, that is, in his Poffeffion. See Pos- session.

Occupations, in the Statute de Bigamis, are taken for Ufurpaiions upon the King, by ufing Liberties or Fran- chifesa Perfon is not entitled to.

As an unjufl Entry upon the King into Lands and Tene- ments, is call'd an Intnfiun j fo an unlawful ufing of Fran- chifes, is call'd an Occiput ion.

OCCUPAVIT, in Law, a Writ that lies for him who is ejected out of his Land, or Tenement in time of War 5 as a Novel Dfjefin Iks fur one ejected in time of Peace. See Disseisin.

OCEAN, the grand Sea, which encompaffes or invefts the whole Earth. See Eart h and Sea.

The Ocean is that vatt Sea wherein the two grand Con-

OCHLOCIIaTIA, a Form of Government, wherein the Populace has the whole Power and Administration in its own hand.

The Word comes from the Greek o^a.©-, Multitude and. X&fl&t Power. '

OC i AGON, in Geometry, a Figure of eight Sides and eight Angles. See Figure and Polygon.

When all the Sides and Angles are equal, it is call'd a Regular Otlagon, or an OBagon that may be infer i bed in a Circle.

Octagon, in Fortification, Baitions. See Bastion.

a Place that has eight

OC'i AHEDRON, in Geometry, one of the five Regu- lar Bodies, confuting of eight equal Faces, or eight Equi- lateral Triangles. See Regular Body.

The OBahedron may be conceiv'd as confining of two Pyramids put together at their Bafes. See Pyramid.

It*. S >lidity therefore is had by multiplying the quadran-

tinents known to us, the new and old, are inclofed like gular Bale of either, by one third of the perpendicular

1/1 J. c — r^., _*., „.,_. c<r?„ ii..:..t.. _r r -i .... 1 .1. ... r. * „ . _

Iflands. See Continent, &c.

By Computation it appears, that the Ocean takes up con- siderably more of what we know of the terreitrial Globe, thanibe dry Land. See TERR.Aq_tiE0us-G/tfce.

Dr. Keill computes the Surtace of the whole Ocean to be

85490506 Square Miles; fo that fuppofiog the Depth of Duration of eight Years.

Height of one of them; and then doubling the Product. See Solidity.

The Square of the S^deofan OBahedron \s in a fubduple Ratio ot the Diamercr of the circumfcribing Sphere.

OCTAHE7ERIDES, in Chronology,^, the Space, or

the Ocean at a Medium to be | of a Mile, the Quantity of Water in the whole will bear^atfzfi ■! Cubic Miles.

Yet Dr. Burnet computes;hat all the Waters in the Ocean were not fufficient to drown or overflow the dry Lund fo high as the Scriptures fay it was at the Deluge; Seven or eight Oceans, according to him, would fcarce have fufitced- See Deluge.

ox7Ki7j/e(f, com-

1 he Word is form'd from the Greek pofed of cucra>, Eight, and f?^-, Year.

OCTANT, or Octile, in Aflronomy, an Afpect, or Pofition of two Planets, c£c wherein their Places are dtftant an eighth Part of a Circle, or 45 Degrees, from one another. See Aspect.

CGTAPLA, a Term in the fitcred Learning, ufed for a

The Ocean penetrating the Land at feveral Streights, kind uf Polyglot Bibles, confuting of eight Columns- See quits its Name of Ocean, and affumes that of Sea, or Gulf; Bible and Polyglot

> which are ufually added feme Epithet to dili inguifh. as "Medhert anean-Sea, Perfian-Gulf, &c. See Sea andGtixF.

In very narrow Places it is call'd S freights, Sinus, See Streicht.

The Ocean takes different Names according to the divers Counrreys it borders on j as the Briujh Ocean, German 0- cean, &c.

According to Maty, th-: Ocean may be commodioufly di- vided into Superior, or Upper; and Inferior, or Lower.

The Upper Ocean, which the Antients call'd the Ex- terior, as environing all the known Parts of the World, he fubdivides, according to the four Cardinal Paints, into the Northern, Southern, Eaftern, aruMf'cjlsrn.

The Northern Ocean, call'd alfo Glacial, Frozen, and Scy- ^ a d\

In the i# Column was the Hebrew Text in H?b>eiv Cha-» racters 5 in the id, the fame Text in Greek Characters; in the 5*/ the Greek Verfion of Ajuila j in the 4.^ that of Sym- tuachuf in the yh, the Septuagint j in the Cth, that of Tbeo- dotion; in the 7th, that call'd the fifth j the laft was that call'd the fixth.

Origen was the Author of the OBapla, as well as of the Tetrapla, and ffexapla. See Hexapla, 4S?c.

The Word implies fomething with eight Rows, or Co- lumns.

OCTATEUCH, in the facred Literature, is ufed for the eight firft Books of the OldTeitament; viz. Gentfis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, ^ofhuah, and

th'tan, is that Part of the Upper Ocean next the North-Pol bounded on the South with the Ar&ic-Circle, and the Northern Coafts of Europe and Afia, and on the North with the unknown Lands about the Pole.

'Tis call'd the Icy, or Frozen Ocean, becaufe thofe who have attempted a Paffage thro it to China, &c, have always

Frocopius of Gaza, has ten Commentaries on the OBa- teuch.

OCTAVE, in Mufic, an harmonfeal Interval confiding of S Tones, or Degrees of Sound. See Interval and Degree-

The molt fimple Perception the Soul can have of true

been ftop'd with the Ice j and Scythian, becaufe wafhing Sounds, is that of Unifon; in regard the Vibrations there be-

the Coaits of Scythia,

The Wefiem, or Atlantic Ocean, is that Part of the Grand Ocean which wafhes the Wefiern Coafts of Europe and Africa, extending from the Arcfic Circle to the Equinoctial.

Southern, or European Ocean is that Part reaching from the Equinoctial to the unknown Antarctic Lands.

Eastern, or Indian Ocean, has its firff Name from its Situa- tion to the Eait 5 as its latter from India, the chief Country It waflies.

and end together. The next to this is the Oiiave j where- in the more acute Sound makes precifely two Vibrations, while the graver or deeper makes one j and wherein, by confequence, the Vibrations of the two meet at every Vi- bration of the more grave. See Tune, Gravity, isc

Hence Unifon and Otlavc pafs almoit for the fame Con- cord. See Unison.

Hence alfo the Proportion of the Sounds that form the ORave are in Numbers, or in Lines, as 2 to 1 : fo that twq. It reaches from the Coaft of A)an to the Ifle Aux Larrons, Chords or Strings of the fame Matter, Thicknefs, and
 * . otTbieves. 8 D Tendon.