Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/244

 M U C ( W )

tneir Prey 5 long and flender, in thofe who have their Food to grope for in moori/h Places; and broad and long, in thofe that fearch it in muddy Places. See Bill.

Mouth is ufed in the Courts of Princes, tor what re- lates to their Eating and Drinking.

Hence Officers of the Mouth, Teamen of the Mouth, &c.

Daviler defines Mouth, an Apartment compos'd of feveral Rooms, as Offices, Kitchins, S5?c. where the Meat intended for the firft Tables, is drefs/d by itfelf. At Court this is call'd the Kings Month.

Mouth, in the Managers ufed for the Senfibility a Horfe has in that part, where the Bits are apply 'd.

Opening, ox Shutting the Mouth, of a Cardinal, is a Ce- remony ufed in the Confiltory atkome$ wherein the Pope fliuts a new-elected Cardinal's Mouth, fo as he may not fpeak at all, even tho the Pope fliould fpeak to him } and remains in the mean time depriv'd of all Voice, both active and paflive, till the polling of another Confiilory, when the Pope opens the Mouth again, making a little Harangue, to teach him how to fpeak, and comport himfelf in the Confiltory. See Cardinal.

MOXA, a fort of Cotton, or downy Subflance, brought from China, and by forae laid to grow on the lower part of the Mugwort- Leaf.

It is not known fur any medicinal Efficacy, but what common Report mentions of its curing the Gout, by burn- ing it upon the Part ; yet People have not Faith enough to try it this way : and if they had, in all likelihood, any 0- ther Caultic would do as well, and for the fame reafon.

MOYENA'U, in Fortification, is a fmall flat Baition, Commonly plac'd in the middle of an over- long Curtain 5 where the Baftions at the Extremities are not well de- fended from the fmall Shot, by reafon of their Diftance : This Work is proper for lodging a Body of Mufqueteers, to fire upon the Enemy from all fides.

MUCILAGE, in Pharmacy, ££c. a thick, vifcous Juice ; fo call'd, as reiembling Snot, or the Mucus of the Nofe. See Mucus.

It is prepar'd from Roots, and Seeds pounded in a Mortar, and infufed in hot Water, and (trained thro' a Cloth.

The Seeds chiefly ufed for this purpofe, are thofe of Althsea, Mallows, Symphytum, £=?c.

Mucilages enter the Compofition of feveral Plaiflers j they fometimes are alfo made of Gums and Fruits, as Figs, Quinces, Izing-Glafs, &c*

Mucilace is alio a thick, pituitous Matter, evacuated with the Urine in the Gravel, and Dyfuria.

MUCILAGINOUS Glands, a very numerous Set of Glands in the Joints, firit taken notice of, to any purpofe, by Dr. Havers, in his OJieology.

He obferves, that there are two forts ; fome fmall, next a-kin to milliary Glands, being Glandules plac'd all upon the Surface of the Membranes, which lie over the Arti- culations.

The other fort are conglomerated, or many Glandules collecled, and planted one upon another, fo as to make a Bulk, and appear confpicuoully. In fome of the Joints, there are feveral of them ; in others, there is a fingle one.

As to the Structure of thefe large Glands 5 they confift of fmall Veficles, which are nm gather'd together into fe- veral Lobes, or Bags of Glandules, but are difpos'd upon le- veral Membranes lying over one another, of which Mem- branes there are feveral in every one of thefe Glands, which appear evidently in thofe who are hydropical. They have their Blood-Vcffels, as other Glands, but their Veins have a particular Texture, in their Courfe, for retarding the Return of the Blood from the Glands, that the mucila- ginous Liquor, which is not feparated with the greater! Expedition, may have time to be feparated 5 which is the Contrivance, wherever a thick Fluid is to be fecern'd. See Animal Secretion.

The large mucilaginous Glands are varioufly fituated 5 fome in a Sinus form'd in the Joint, others ftand near, or over- againft the Interface, between the articulated Bones:

MUL

being that Far, v hich is found between the Mufcles, and

is fupply'd by the GlanduU Mifofe? ; and the other fepa-

by the mucilagmom Glandules, of which the com-

but ^general, they are fo plac'd, as to be fqueez'd gently, and lightly prefs'd in the Inflection or Extcnfion of the Joint, in order to yield a Quantity of Mucilage, propor- tionate to the Motion of the Part, and the prefent Occafion, without any Injury.

The Defign of all thofe Glands is to feparate a mucilagi- mus kind of Liquor, that ferves principally to lubricate the Joints, or to make them flippery. It ferves likewife to pre- ferve the Ends of the articulated Bones from Attrition and Heating : But all this it doth, in conjunction with the medullary Oil 5 with which, together, is made a Compofi- tion admirably well fitted for thofe Ends : for the Mucilage adds to the Lubricity of the Oil, and the Oil preferves the Mucilage from growing too thick and vifcous.

The Doctor obferves the fame Glands to lie between the Mufcles and Tendons 5 and fuppofes that there is the fame Mixture of an oily and mucilaginous Subflance 3 the one

mon Membrane of the Mufcles is every where full; This Mixture in the Interlaces of the Mufcles, lubricates them and their Uendons, and preferves fhem from flirinking, and growing rigid and dry.

MUCRQ Cordis, or Apex, in Anatomy, the lower pohv ted End of the Heart ■> thus call'd from ' Mucro the Point of a Spear, &c. See Heart.

Hence mv.crono.ted is apply'd to whatever tends to, or ter- minates in a Point, like that of a Spear j as Mucronatum 0s t i£c. See Ensiformis Carttlago.

MUCOUS Glands, are three Glands which empty them felves into the Urethra j i'u call'd by the firil Difcoverer, Mr. Confer, from the Tenacity of the Liquor which they ieparatL 1.

The two firit difcover'd of thefe, are about the bignefs a French Bean, of a depreiVd oval Figure, and a yellowifh Colour, like the Projtates, being on each fide the Bulb of the cavernous Body of the Urethra, a little above it. Their 1 excretory 'Duclsj fpring from this internal Surface, next the inner Membrane of the Urethra ; into which they open a little lower by two diftinft Orifices, juft below its'bend- ing under the OJfa Pubis in Pennao, where they difcharge a tranfparent vifcous Liquor. The third mucousGhnd, is a fmall, conglobate, yellowifh Giand, like the former, but fome- what lefs, fituate above ihe Angle of Flexure of the Ure- thra, under the Ojfa Pubis, in the Perineum, near the Anus. It has two excretory Duels, which enter the Urethra ob- liquely, a quarter of an Inch below the two former 5 and drtcharge a Liquor like the former, both in Colour and Confidence. See Urethra.

MUCUS of the "Joints, is a mucilaginous Liquor, fepara- ted by its proper Glands, conveniently plac'd in the Inter- laces of the Bones, where thofe Glands are geutly prefs'd by the Motion of the Parts: it ferves to make the Extre- mities of the Bones or Joints flip more eafily. See Bone.

Mucus of the Urethra, a vifcous tranfparent Liquor, fervjng to line and lubricate the Part?, that the Seed may flip more freely, without adhering. It comes from Glands lately difcover'd by Mr. Cowper, about the Penis, and is that, which in Women is commonly miflaken for the Se- men. See Penis, Seed, &c.

Mucus of the Nojirils, \s feparated by its proper Glands, plac'd in the internal Membrane ot thofe Parts. It ferves to moiften, lubricate, and defend the Oltaclory Nerves j which being extremely foft and naked, would, without fuch Provifion, be foon fpoil'd. See Nose, &c. MUFTY, fee Muphti.

MUGGLETONIANS, a Religious Se£t, which arofe in England, about the Year 1<?5 7 5 denominated from their L.eader Lodozvick Maggleton, a Journey-man Taylor.

Muggleton, with his Aflociate Reeves, fet up for great Prnphets ; and pretended to an abfolute Power of faving and damning whom they pleas'd : Giving out, that they were the two lafl Wimeffes of God, that fliould appear before the End of the World.

MUID, a large Meafure, in ufe among the French, for dry Commoditiesj as Corn, Pulfe, Salt, Lime, Coals, £i?c. See Measure.

The Maid Is no real Veffdl ufed as a Meafure ; but an Estimation of feveral other Meafures, as the Septier, Mine, Minor, Bufliel, £*?c.

At Paris, the Muid of Wheat, Pulfe, and the like, Is compofed of twelve Srptiers, each Septier making two Mines, the Mine two Minors, the Minot three Bufhels, the Bufliel four Quarts, or fixreen Litrons, each Litron 5^ cu- bic Inches, exceeding our Pint by 1 *| cubic Inch.

The Muid of Oats is double that ot Wheat, tho' compo- fed, like that, of 12 Septiers 5 but each Septier contains 2.4 Bufhels.

The Muid of Charcoal contains 20 Mines, Sacks, or Loads, each Mine two Minots, each Minot eight Bufhels, each Bufliel four Quarts, &c.

Muid is alio one of the nine Casks, or regular Veffels ufed in France, to put Wine and other Liquors in.

The Mnid of Wine divided into two De>ni-M;tids, four Quarter-Maids, -and eight Half Quarter- Muidf, contains -$6 Septiers, each Septier S Pints, Paris Meafure; fo that the Muid contains ib8 Pints. See Measure.

MULCT, a Penalty, or Fine of Money. See Fine, A-

MEKCIAMENTj^C.

MULATTO, or Mulat, a Name given, In the I?idiet,to thofe who are begotten by a Negro Man on an Indian Woman ; or an Indian Man on a Negro Woman.

Thofe begotten of a Spamfi Woman and an Indian Man, are call'd Metis ; and thofe begotten ofa Savage by a Metis, are call'd Jambos.

Thefe are all very different in Colour, and in their Hair.

The Word comes from Mulat, or Mida, Mule 5 begot- ten of two different Species.

MULE,