Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/216

 MOL

(5*7)

IVl O M

The Moidore is properly their Tiftole 5 and is equivalent to two Mille-Rees. See Pistole, t£?c.

There are alfo Doppio-Moedas, or double Fiftoles, and Demi-Piftoles.

MOIETY, a French Word, Moitie$ fignifying the half of any thing.

MOINEAU, in Fortification, is a flat EaAion railed in the middle of a Curtain when it is too long, and the Ba- fiions of the Angles too remote to be able to defend one another. See Bastion.

Here Mufqueteers are placed, to fire each way.

MOLA, in Medicine, fee Mole.

The Word is Latin t and literally fignifies a Mill-jlone.

Mola, in Anatomy, a Bone of the Knee, call'd alfo Tatella, Rotulo, &c. See Patella.

MOLARES, in Anatomy, the Grindery an Epithet given to the large Teeth 3 as ferving, like Mill-ftones t to grind the Food. See Teeth.

The Number of Molares Is not always the fame. Some Perfons have twenty; and others only fixteen, was. four, or five on each fide of either Jaw. They are very large, hard, and ilrong; being faitned into their Alveoli or Sockets by feveral Roots.

MOLASSES* Molosses, orMELAssEs, that grofs, yet fluid Matter, remaining of Sugar, after refining, and which no boiling will bring to a confidence more folid than that of Syrup; hence alfo call'd Syrup of Sugar. See Sugar. and Refining.

Properly, MoloJJes are only the Sediment of one kind of Sugar call'd Ckypre, or brown Sugar, which is the Refufe of other Sugars not to be whiten'd, or reduced into Loaves.

Molajfesure much ufed in Holland among poor People, tor the Preparation of Tobacco, and initead of Sugar.

There is alfo a kind of Brandy, or Spirit made of it; but exceedingly unwholefome, and therefore much dif- couraged. See Brandy.

MOLE, Mola, or MolA Carnea, in Medicine, a mifliapen Mafs of hard Fle/h, fometimes generated in the Wombs of Women, inftead of a Foetus; call'd alfo a falfe Conception.

The Mole is the Chaos of an Embryo 5 and would have grown to an Infant, had not the Procefs of Conception been disturbed. Tho' it be without regular Bones, Vifcera, ££fr. yet the Lineaments frequently are not fo far effaced, but that there are fome Remains of a Child; fometimes a Hand, and fometimes a Foot, have been fpied 3 but com- monly the Secundines.

It is rare that more than one Moh is excluded 5 though SercHerrtij obferves that there are Inftances of two, three, or even more. He adds, that tho' they ufually come alone, yet they have been known to coma with a Foetus, fome- times before it, and fometimes after it. See Concep- tion.

The Mole is diftinguifhed from an EWfbryo, in that it ha* no Placenta whereby to receive its Nourifliment from the Mother. Inltcad of that, it grows immediately to the Womb } and is nourifhed thence. It has a kind of Ve- getative Life, and continues growing in bulk till the time of exclufion. Sometimes it has been born in the Womb for two or three Tears.

This Production is fuppofed to arife from fome Defecl or Indifpofition of the Ovum, or Egg; or, perhaps, from the Male Seed's wanting force to penetrate it fufficiently in order to open, and expand the Parts. Or the Effect may be accounted for, by fuppofing an Ovum to drop into the Womb, without being impregnated by the Seed of the Male : In all which cafes, the Egg continuing to grow, and yet wanting fomething neceffary to organize and form it into an Embryo, becomes a ihapelefsLump. See Em-

li&YO.

Authors are divided whether or no the Women ever bring forth Moles without any intercourfc with Men. Some fay there are Moles which derive their Origin from the Menflruous Blood detain'd, coagulated, and hardenM; through which the Blood and Spirits have made themfelves Paflages, £-?c. See Menses.

The M4e is diilinguffhed from a true Conception, by its tremulous palpitating Motion; by its rolling from fide to fide; and by the Belly's fwelling equally every way. The Breads fwell as in cafe of a juft Embryo; but the Humour generated therein is not true Milk, but a crude Matter, form'd of the fuppreffed Menfes.

To bring the Mola out of the Womb, Bleeding and violent Purging are ufed, and at laft flrong Emmena- gogues. If thefefuil, recourfe is to be had to manual Ope- ration.

The Latins give it the Name Mola, which literally figni- fies MtU-ftone, from its refemblance thereto in Form and Hardnefs.

MOLE, Moles, a Peer, or Mafflve Work of Mafonry, confifling of large Stones thrown into the Sea, in manner •f 1 Bank, with defign 10 fhut up a Port, and defend the

Veffels in it from the Impetuofity of the Waves, and to prevent the Paffage of any Veffel without leave. Thus we fay the Mole of the Harbour oSMefina. See Pile.

The Word Mole is fometimes alfo ufed to fignify the Harbour itfelf. See Harbour.

Among thcRomans, Mole, Moles, was alfo ufed for a kind ofMaufoleum built in manner of a round Tower on a fquare Bafe> infulate, incompafs'd with Columns, and cover 'd with a Dome. See Mausoleum.

The Mole of the Emperor Adrian, now the Caftle of St. Angela, was the greater, and moft irately of all the Moles. It was crown'd with a Brazen Pine-Apple, wherein was a golden Urn containing the Allies of the Emperor.

MOLECULE, Molecula, in Phyfics, a little Mafs, or part of any thing. See Mass, £•?<;.

Thus we fay the Air, by Refpiration, insinuating itfelf into the Veins and Arteries, endeavours by its elaftic Power to divide and break the Molecules of the Blood, which on their fide refill fuch divifion.

MOLINE, inHeraldry. A Cro/i-MotiNE is that which turns round both ways at all its Extremities, tho' not fo wide or /harp as that faid to be Anchored. See Cross.

In Upton, the Points are all cut off, which makes it very different from the Crofs Anchored. See Fer. de Moulin.

MOLINISTS, a Sea among the Romanics, who follow the Doclrine and Sentiments of the Jefuit Molina, relating to fufficient and efficacious Grace. See Grace, ££?c.

Their great Antagonitls are the Jxnfenijls. See Jan-

5ENI5TS.

MOLINOSISTS, a Sea among the RomaniJU, who ad- here to the Doarine of Molinos.

Thefe are likewife call'd Quietifts. See Q u 1 etists.

MOLMUTIN, or Molmutian Laws, the Laws of DtmwalloMolmutius, XVIth King of the Britons, who began his Reign 440 Years before the Incarnation. See Law.

He was the firft who publi/hcd any Laws in this Land 3 and they continued famous therein till the time of William the Conqueror.

MOLOSSUS, in the Greejfcand Latin Poetry, the Name of a Foot confifling of three long Syllables: As Auderi, cantabant, Vntutem. See Foot.

It takes its Name either from a Dance in ufe among the People call'd Molojft, or Epirotes; or from the TempTe of Jupiter Mohjfus, where Odes were fung, in which this Foot had a Share; or becaufe the March, of the Mnl-ff when they went to the Combate, was compofed of thefe Feet, or had their Cadence."

MOLTA, orMoLTuRA, a Duty, or Toll paid by Vaf- fals to the Lord for grinding their Corn at his Mill.

MOLTING, or Moulting, the falling off or change of Hair, Feathers, Skin, Horns, Voice, and other Difpo- fitions of the Body of Animals, happening in fome, annu- ally, In others at certain Stages of their £ife.

The generality of Beads Molt in the Spring.

The Molting of a Deer is the quitting of his Horns in Fe- bruary or March; the Molting of a Serpent is the putting off his Skin. See Exuvije,

MOMENT, in Time, is the molt minute, and infen- fible Divifion of Time; or what we othcrwife call an InHant. See Time.

Moments, in the new Doarine of Infinites, are the in- finite fmall Parts of Quantity. See Infinite.

Moments are the fame with what we otherwife call Infi- nitefimats, Differentials t and Fluxions; being the Momentary Increments, or Decrements of Quantity confider'd as in a continual Flux. SeeDiFFEAENTiALand Fluxion.

Moments are the generative Principles of Magnitude : They have no determined Magnitude ot their own; but are only inceptive thereof. See Inceptive.

Hence, as it is the fame thing if in lieu of thefe Mo- ments, the Velocities of their Increafes and Decreafcs be made ufe of, or the finite Quantities proportionable to fuch Velocities; the Method of Proceeding which confiderstho Motions, Changes, or Fluxions of Quantities, is denomi- nated by Sir if* Newton the Method of Fluxions. See Fluxions.

Leibnitz, and mofl of the Foreigners, confidering thefe infinitely fmall parts or Infinitefimals as the differences of two Quantities; and thereby endeavouring to find the diffe- rences of Quantities, i.e. fome Moment or Quantity infi- nitely fmall, which being taken an infinite Number of Times, fliall equal a given Quantity, call thefe Moments Differentials; and the Method of Proceedure, the Differential' Calculus. See Calculus Dijferentialis.

Moment, in Mechanics, is the fame with Impetus, or Quantity of Motion in any moving Body; and fometimes it is ufed fimply for the Motion itfelf. See Impetus.

Moment is frequently defined by the Vis infita, or the Power by which moving Bodie* continually change Place. See Vis. em

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