Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/210

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jefus Chrift gave his Difciples their Mijfon in thefe Words, Go, and teach all Nations, ckc.

The Romanijh reproach the Proteft&nts, that their Mi- iiiflers have no jmfjiin i as not being authorized in the Ex- ercife of their Miniltry, either by an uninterrupted Suc- ceffion from the Apoftles, or by Miracles j or by any ex- traordinary Proof of a Vocation.

The Afiabaptifis deny any other Miflon neceffary for the Miniitrythan the Talents neceffary todifchargeit.

Mission is alfo ufed for divers Eltablifliments ofPeople 2ealousfor the Glory of God, and the Salvation of Souls, who go and preach the Gofpel in remote Countries, and among Infidels. See Missionary.

There are Mijftons in the Eaft, as well as the Wefl- Jndies. ._

Among the Romo.nijts, the Religious Orders of St. Do- minic, St. Francis, St. Augusl-in, and the Jcfuits, have Mijfons in the Levant, America, &c.

The ^efuits have Mijfions in China, and all other parts of the Globe, where they have been able to penetrate. The Mendicants abound in M'/Jions. Mission is alfo the Name of a Congregation of Pnefts, and Laymen, inftiruted by Vincent de Paul, and confirmed jn i6z6 by Pope Urban VIII. under the Title of Priejh of the Congregation of the Miffion.

Thefe profefs to make it their whole Bufinefs to affift the poor People in the Country j and to this purpofe oblige themfclves never to preach, or adminifterany of the Sacra- ments in any Town where there is an Archbifhop, Bi/Hop, or Provincial rehding.

They are fettled in moft Provinces of France, Italy, Germany, and in Poland.

At Paris they have a Seminary which they call the Foreign Miflon, where Youth are bred up and qualify'd for foreign Mijfions.

MISSIONARY, an Ecclefiaflic who devotes himfelf and his Labours to fomc Mtfon, either for the Inftruclion of the Orthodox, the Conviction of Heretics, or the Con- version of Infidels.

MISSIVE, fomethiog feist. t6 another. The Word is foim'd frcm the Latin Mitto, I fend.

In this fenfe we fay MiJJlve Letters, or Letters Miffive> i. e. Letters fent from one to another. See Letter.

In propriety, Letters M'jjh-e are Letters of Bufinefs ; but nor Bufinefs of great concern ; in conrradiftinction from Letters of Gallantry, Letters on Points of Learning, Dif- patches, l£c.

MIST, a Meteor, call'd alfo Fog. ^ See Fog. * MISY, in Natural Hiitory, fee Chalcitis. MITE, a fmall Coin, formerly current ; equal to about one third part of a Farthing. See Money and Coin.

Mite is alfo a fmall Weight ufed by the Moncyers. It is equal to the twentieth part of a Grain, and is divided into 24 Doit:. See Weight.

MITHRIDATE, in Pharmacy, an Antidote, or Compc- fition ferving either as a Remedy or a Prefervative againit Poifons.

M'thridate is one of the capital Medicines in the Apo- thecaries Shops 5 being compofed of a vail Number of D.'ups, as Opium, Myrrh, Agaric, Saffron, Ginger, C'mnamojt, Spikenard, Frankmctnfe, Cafor, Pepper, Gentian, ckc.

his accounted a Cordial, Opiate, Sudorific and Alexi- pharmic.

Mattbfohs fays it is more effectual againfl Poifons than J'enice-Tieacle •> tho'eafier to be made. See Poison.

It takes irs Name from its Inventor, M'thridutcs King of Towns, who is faid to have fo fortifyM his Body againfl: Poi- fons with Antidotes and Prefervatives, that when he had a mind ro difpatch himfelf, he could not have any Poifon that would have effect.

The Receipt of it was found in his Cabinet, written with his own Hand, and was carried to Rome by. Pompey. It was tranflated into Verfe by Damocrates, a famous Phyfician, and was afterwards tranflated by Galen, from whom we have it .- Tho there is room to imagine it has undergone con- fiderafile Alterations fince the time ef its Royal Prefcriber. MITS.ALE.S Valval*, Mitral Valves/m Anatomy, two Valves in the Heart j thus call'd from their refembling a Mitre. See Valve and Heart.

They are placed at the Orifice of the Pulmonary Vein, in the left Ventricle of the Heart. Their Office is toclofe the Orifice thereof, and prevent the return of the Blood through the Pulmonary Vein into the Lungs again. See Pulmonary Vein, Circulation,^'.

MITRE, a Pontifical Ornament, wore on the Head by Bifhops, and certain Abbots, on Solemn O^cafions. See JpiSHop, Abbot, £g?c.

The Mitre is a round Cap, pointed, and cleft a-top with two FanneU hanging down the Shoulders.

The Abbots wear the Mtre turned in Profile; atvd bear the Crofier inwards, to fliew that they have no fpiritual Jurifdicticn without their own QloiftcrB..

The Pope has granted toforne Canons of Cathedrals the lnyilegeof wearing the Mtre. The Counts of Lyons mq faid to have affiled at Church in Mitres.

In Germany, feveral great Families bear the Mitre for their Creft ; to ihew that they are Advocates, or Feuda- tories ofantient Abbies, or Officers of Bifhops, &c.

The Pope has four Mitres, which are more or lefs rich according to the Solemnity of the Feafl-Days they are to be worn on.

TheMrrewas originally the Women's Head-Drefs, as the Hat was that of the Men. This appears from Serums, who reproaches the Trojans, or Phrygians, that weredreiVd lite Women, and wore Mitres 5

Et Tunic* Manicas, £5? halent redimicula Mirra\

The Cardinals antiently wore Mitres,heforc the Hat which was firft granted them by ^ the Council of Lyons in 1145.

Authors make no mention of the Mitre 'as an Epiicopal Ornament before the Year 100c.

The Word comes from the Latin Mitra, of the Greek

Mitre, in Architecture, is the Work-men's Term for an Angle, that is juft 45 Degrees ; or half a right one.

If the Angle be a quarter of a right Angle, they call it a Half Mitre.

To defcribefuch Angles, they have an Inftrument call'd the Mitre Square ; with this they flrike Mitre-Lines on their Quarters, or Battens : And for difpatch, have a Mitre-Box t as they call it, which is made of two pieces of Wood, each about an Inch thick, one nailed upright on the Edge of the other j the upper piece hath the Mitre-Lines flruck upon it on both fides, and a Kerf to direct the Saw in cut- ting the Mitre Joints readily, by only applying the Piece into this Box.

MITRED Abbots, fee Abbot.

MITTIMUS, in Law, a Writ, by which Records are transfer'd from one Court to another ; fometimes immedi- ately, as out of the King's Bench in^o the Exchequer » and fometimes by a Certiorari into the Chancery, and from thence by a Mntimus into another Court.

The Word is alfo ufed for a Precept directed by a Juftice of Peace to a Gcaler, for the receiving and fafe keeping a Felon, or other Offender, by him committed to the Goal.

MIXT, or MixT-Borfy, in Philofophy, is that which is compounded of divers Elements, or Principles; in conrra- diftinction to thofe which the Chymifts fuppofe ro be Ele- mentary, orconfifting of one Principle only ; as they take Sulphur, Salt, fc?c. to be. See Element.

The Schoolmen define a M.vi Body to be a Whole, re- ful ting from feveral Ingredients, alter'd, or new modified by the Mixture. On which Principle, the feveral Ingre- dients don't actually exift in the Mixt, but are all changed, fo as to confpire to a new Body of a different Form, from the Forms of the Ingredients. But the modern Philofo- phers rarely conceive the Term in fo much itricrnefs.

The Bufinefs of Chymiftry, we fay, is to refolve -M*xf Bodies into their Principles, or component Parts. See Prin- ciple, Chymistry, f$c.

The School-Philofophers diftinguifii Mixt Bodies into Per- ye#and Imperfetf. FerfcB Mixts are the Clafs of Vital or Animated Bodies, where the Elements or Ingredients they are compofed of, are changed or transformed by a perfect Mixture. Such are Plants, Beails, and Men.

ImperfeB M'xts are inanimate Bodies, the Forms whereof remain Itill the fame as of the Ingredients that conftitut» them ; Such are Meteors, Minerals, Metals, &c

Mixt Figure, in Geometry, is that which confifls partly ofright Lines, and partly of curve Lines. SeeFiduRE.

Nlixr Number, in Arithmetic, that which is partly an Inte- ger, and partly a Fraction * as 4 ' ro ^. See Fraction.

Mixt AUion, in Law, is an Action of two different Na- tures j being partly real, and partly perfonal. See Ac- tion, real, perfonal.

AMixt AUion is that which lies both for tho Thing de- tained ; and againfl: the P erf an of the Detainer.

Or a Mixt AUion is that which fecks borh the Recovery of a thing we are unjuflly deprived of, and Dam-i; :s, ora Penalty for the unjuft detainment thereof- Such an. Acti- ons of iVafie, and Quare Impedit ■> Actions for Tithes 01 the Statute z & 2 Edzv. 6. &c.

Mixt Tithes, are thofc of Cheefe, Milk, &c. and of the Young of Beafts. See Tithes.

Mixt Mode, according to Mr. Lock, is a Combination of feveral fimple Ideas of different Kinds. SccjIdea andMk: e. Thus, Beauty, as it con fill* in a certain (ompofition of Colour, Figure, Proportion, ££?c. of different Parts, caufing Delight to the Beholder, is a ffixt Mode. Such alfo is Theft, Murder, £5?c. See Mode.

The Mind, that Author obferves, being once furnlfhed

with fimple Ideas, can put them together in feveral Com-

pofitiohs, without examining whether they exift fo in Na-

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