Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/21

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butes. There is a two-fold Immutability in God ; a Physi- cal and a Moral one. The Phyfical Immutability confilts in this, that the Subftance of God does not, nor cannot receive any Change or Alteration. His Moral Immutability confifls in his not being liable to any Change in his Thoughts, or Defigns ; but that what he wills, he has will'd from all Eternity.

IMPALED, when the Coats of Arms of a Man and his Wife (who is not an Heirefs) are borne in the fame E- fcutcheon, they mult be mar/hailed in Pale, i. e. the Huf- band's on the Right-fide, and the Wife's on the Left; and this the Heralds call Baron andFemme, two Coats im- paled. If a Man hath had two Wives, he may impale his Coat in the middle between theirs ; and if hs hath had more than two, they are to be marlhalled on each fide of his, in their proper Order.

IMPALPABLE, that, whofe Parts are fo extremely mi- nute, that they cannot be diftinguilh'd by the Senfes, par- ticularly by that of Feeling.

IMPANATION, a Term ufed among Divines to fig- nify the Opinion of the Lutherans with regard to the Eu- charift ; who believe, that the Species of Bread and Wine do remain, together with the Body of our Saviour, after Confecration.

IMPARLANCE, or Emparlance, is a Motion made in Court, on the account of the Demandant by the Tenant, or Declaration of the Plaintiff by the Defendant, where-.

by he craveth Refpite, or any other Day to put in his rofe underneath, or without Stalks, as the Pezicx of Pliny, Aniwer. and Fungus Fuhemlentus, Crepitus Lupi, or common Puff-

IMPERFECT PLANTS, among the Botanirts it? fuch as cither really want Flower, and Seed, or are fup- pofed to want them ; f mce n0 Flower or Seed hath yet S-TT t ° 1 ? elo "S to the greatelt part of them, incle Mr. Ray dillinguifhes according to the Place of their Growth, into,

(i.) Aquatics, or fuch as grow in the Water : and that ei- ther i. In the Sea, and then they are called Mamie Flams ; and thofe are either of an hard and ilony Confidence, as the Corals, Corallines; or Porous, that is, of a more foft and herbaceous one. Of thefe fome are like Herbs, and are ot two kinds; the greater, which are Cauliferou's "as the Fucus; the leffer, as the Alga : the othersare more of the Mufcus, or Fungus Appearance, as the Spongia. i. Frefll Water Plants, and thofe have either no Leaves, but are Capillaceous, as the Conferva: ; or their Leaves divided into three Parts, as the Lens Falujlris, Lenticula.

(a.) Such imperfeB Flams as grow in dry Ground, he divides into, Firft, Such as have Subitance, either woody or fleftry; and thefe have fcarce any thing common to the perfeH Flams, neither the green herbaceous Colour, nor the Textute of Herbs, nor Flower, Seed, nor Leaf, properly fpeaking, as all the Fungi, which are, i. Such as grow on Trees, and therefore called Arboreous, as the Fungus Laricis, called Agarick, and the Fungus Samluci, which we call Jews-Ear. z. Terreftrial, and thefe are either Cauliferous, with Heads either lamellated or oo- ...:-i -o..n. ,i ~. '. . r

Imparlance is either general or fpecial. Special is with this Claufe, Sethis omnibus Advantagiis, tarn ad 5k- rifdiilionem Curie, nuam breve iS Narrationem. General is made at large, without inferring that, or any like Charge.

IMPASSIBLE, that which is exempt from Suffering, which cannot undergo Pain or Alteration. The Stoics place the Soul of their Wife Man in an impaffble imperturbable State.

1MPASTATION, a Work of Mafonry, made of Stuc, or Stone beaten and wrought up in manner of a Pafte. Authors are of opinion that the Obelisks, and the huge An- tique Columns itill remaining, were made fome by Im- fajtation, and others by Fufion.

IMPEACHMENT of Wa/ie, comes from the French Empijcbement, Impediment, and fignifies a Rcflraint from committing of Walle upon Lands and Tenements. And therefore he that hath a Leafe without Impeachment of Wafie, hath by that, a Property or Intereft given him in the Houfes and Trees, and may make waile in them without being called to account for it.

IMPECCABILITY, the State of a Perfon who cannot fin. The Word alfo fignifies the Grace, Privilege, or Principle which puts him out of a condition of finning. The Schoolmen diilinguifh fcveral kinds and degrees of Impeccability; That of God belongs to him by Nature; That of Jefus Chrili confider'd as Man, belongs to him by the Hypoflatical Union : That of the Bleffed is a Confequence of their Condition : That of Men is the Effect of a Confirmation in Grace, and is rather called Impeccancc than Impeccability ; accordingly the Divines diftinguifh between thefe two, this being found neceffary in tfia Difputes againft the Pelagians, in order to explain certain Terms in the Greek and Latin Fathers, which with- out this Diftinfl ion are eafily confounded.

IMPENETRABILITY, Quality of that which can- not be pierced or penetrated ; a Property of Body which fo fills up a certain Space, as that there is no room in it, for any other Body. Dr. Harris defines Impenetrability, the Diftinflion of one extended Subftance from another, by means whereof the Extenfion of one thing is different from that of another .- fo that two extended things cannot be in the fame place, but muft neceffarily exclude each other. See Solidity.

IMPENITENCE, a Hardnefsof Heart, which makes a Perfon perfevere in Vice, and prevents his Repentance. Final Impenitence is the Sin againft the Holy Ghoft, which is neither pardoned in this Life nor that to come.

IMPERATIVE, in Grammar, is one of the Modes or Manners of Conjugating a Verb, ferving to exprefs a Commandment ; as Go, Come, ckc. In the Hebrew and o ther Oriental Languages, the Future Tenfe has frequently an Imperative Signification.

IMPERFECT TENSE, in Grammar, fignifies an in- definite Time between the prefent and the paft : as, I

taught, I heard.

IMPERFECT FLOWERS, are thofe which have fome Defects, and either want the Fetala, the little Leaves which fiand round the Flower' or the like.

IMPERFECT NUMBERS, in Arithmetic, are thofe whofe aliquot Parts taken together, don't make the juft Number itfelf, but either come fhort of it ; in which cafe they are called deficient Numbers ; or exceed it, and then they are called abundant Numbers.

Balls. 3. Subterraneous, as' the Tuber* Terrx, or Trufles. Secondly, Such as have a more foft and dry Confiftence, and more like that of Herbs; of which fome are both cauliferous and branched, as the Mufti, or Moffes : Others are without Stalks, adhering like a Cruft to the Surface of the Earth, Stones, Trees, or Wood; as the Lichen Terre- flris and Arboreits.

IMPERIAL, fomething belonging to the Empire ;

" c we fay, his '-.*— ; -' *i-:-n

th

', his Imperial Majefty, the Imperial Crown t-?c. Imperial Cities in Germany arc thofe which own no other Head but the Emperor. Thefe are a kind of little Com- monwealths, the chief Magistrate whereof does Homage to the Emperor, and pays him the Roman Month ; but in other refpefls, and in Adminiftration of Juilice, he is So- vereign. Imperial Cities have a Right of Coining Money and of Keeping Forces and fortified Places. Their Depu- ties affift

the Imperial Diets, where they are divided into two Branches, that of the Rhine, and that of Suahia. There were formerly ii in the former, and 37 in the lat- ter ; but there are now only 48 in all.

Imperial Chamber is a Sovereign Court, eflablifh'd for the Affairs of the immediate States of the Empire.

Imperial Diet, is an Affembly or Convention of all the States of the Empire. It is ufually held at Ratisbon 5 where the Emperor, either in Perfon, or by his Commif- fioner, the Eleflors, Secular and Ecclefiaflical Princes, Prelares, Princcffes, Counts, and Deputies of Imperial Ci- ties, affift. The Diet is divided into three Colleges, which are thofe of the Eleflors, the Princes, and the Cities. The Eleflors alone form the firft ; the fecond confifts of Princes, Prelates, Princeffes, and Counts; and the third of the Deputies of Imperial Cities. Each College has its Direflor, who prefides in the Confultations. The Eleflor of Mentz, in the College of Eleflors; the Archbifhop of Saltzbourg in that of the Princes ; and the Deputy of the City of Cologne in that of the Cities. In the Diet, each Principality has a Voice ; but all the Prelates (fo they call the Abbots and Provofts of the Empire) have but two Voices, and all the Counts but four. Tho the three Colleges agree, yet the Emperor has a negative Voice : when he too confents, the Refolutions pais into a Law* which oblige all the States of the Empire, both mediate' and immediate. "

IMPERSONAL, Verb in Grammar, is fuch an one, as is only ufed in the third Perfon Singular; as Opomt, Licet, &c. £

IMPERVIOUS, expreffes fuch a Clofenefs of Pores, or particular Configuration of Parts, as will not admit another thro'.

IMPETIGO, is a Cutaneons Foulnefs, divided into many kinds by the Antients ; but a better Knowledge in Secretion, and the Office of the Cutaneous Glands, has taught us the Cure of all fuch Diforders, without haying any neceffary Recourfe to fuch Diftinflions : The Itch and Leprofy take in the feveral kinds, from the molt eafy to the moft obftinate degree of Infection, according to which the Means of Cure are proportioned.

IMPETRATION, an obtaining by Requefl or Prayer; this Word is ufed in our Statutes for the pre-obtaining of Benefices and Church-Offices in England from the Court of Rome, which did belong to the Difpofal of the King and other Lay-Patrons of the Realm ; th e Penal ty whereof was the fame with Provifors, 15 E. 3,

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