Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/1031

 WIN

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WIR

Chalybeate, or J7ee/ Wine, is prepared of Filingsof Steel, to di Michieli in his Teflro Militar de Cavalleria, it

and barr'ron infufed, and filier'd. Ir is good for removing H7 1 - Obliruaions in the Vifcera, is in the Chlorofis, ($c. Its Inftitutor wis Alphonfus Henry I. King of Portugal ;

Vinum BencdiQtim, the blejfed Win e, is made of Crocus and the Occafion was a Victory gain'd by him over the King

Metallorum »nd Mace infilled in Vine. It was formerly a of Sevil and his Sarazens ; for which he thought himlelf

ccktrated Emetic, but now almoft out of ufe for its rou'ji .i.rK

Elecampane Wine, Vinum Enulatum, is an Infufion of the Koot of that Plant with Sugar md Currants, in white

p t, r i. It cleanftsthe Vifcera, prevents Diforders and

Obitrufiionsof the Lungs 3 and is good in Afthmatic Cafes, Cachexies, &C.

Hog-lice Vfttii., Vinum Millepedum, is prepared of Hog- lice put alive m white Port 3 nnd after fome infufion, ptefs'd and Itrain'd out : To the Liquor is added Saffron, Salt of Steel, <Sc— — It is recommended againll. the Jaundice, Dropfy, Gichedic Habits, i£c. See Millepedes.

Vetjaral Wine, Vinum Tettorale, is prepared of Liquo- rice, Saffron, Coriander-Seeds, Carraway, Anife, Salt of Tartar, Penny-royal, and Hyffop- Waters, digefted with Ca- nary Wine, and firain'd. It is a good Expectorant 5 help- ing 11 deterge and cleanfe the Lungs, $$c.

Emet ie Wine, Vinum Emeticum. See Emetic.

Hipp .crates'* Wine, Vinum Hippocraticum, or Hippo- eras. See Hippocras.

Viper Wine, Vinum Viperinum, is a Preparation of female ■Vipers, infufed fix Months in Canary Wine.— It is a great Reftorative, and provokes to Venery ; good agair.il Cuta- neous Eruptions, t$c. See Viper.

Vinum Scilliticum, Wine of Squills, ism Infufion of thofe Onions in white Wine for forty days, and then the Squills firain'd out, and the Liquor preferv'd for ufe. It is a gentle Emetic, good againll inundations of Rheum, \$c. See So.uillje.

VJinz-Meafure ; fee Measure.

WING ; fee Feather and Flying.

Wings, in Heraldry, are bore fometimes Angle, fome- times in pairs, in which cafe they are call'd Conjoin'd i when the Points are downward, they are faid to be Inverted 5 when up, Elevated. See Vol.

Wing, Mia, in Botany, the Angle which the Leaves of 1 Plant, or the Pedicles of the Leaves, form with the Stem, or 1 Branch of the Plant. See Leaf.

This Angle is commonly acute, and always {lands up- ward.— -It has its Name from its refembling the Angle which the Wings of a Bird form with the Body ; or rather from the Angle which a Man's Arms makes with his Trunk ^ which is alfo call'd Ala, Wing.

Wings, in Gardening, &c. are fuch Branches of Trees, or other Plants, as grow up a-fide of each other. See Branch.

La §><iintiny fays, the Term is particularly apply'd to Aruchoaks, wnofe Wings or Ale, are the leffer Heids or Fruits that grow up with the principal one, on the fame Stalk.

Wings, Al£, in the Military-Art, are the two Extremes of an Army, ranged in form of Battel 5 being the Right and Left Parts thereof, and including the Main Body. See Army and Battel.

The Cavalry are always polled in the Wings 5 i. e. on the Flanks, or the Right and Left Sides of each Line 5 to covet the Foot in the Middle. See Line and Flank.

tan, one of Bacchus'* Captains, is faid to have been the firlt Inventor of tliis Method of ranging an Army ; whence, fay they, it is that the Antients painted him with Horns on his Head ; what we call Wings being by them call'd Cor- nua. Horns. See Panic.

This atleaftis certain, that the Method of Arranging in Wings is very antient. The Romans,we know, ufed the Term Al£. or Wings, for two Bodies of Men in their Army ; one on the Right, the other on the Left, confiding each of 4.00 Horfe, and 4100 Foot ufually,_ and wholly

-Thefe were defign'd to cover

Confederate Troops.-

the Roman Army, as the Wings of a Bird cover its Body.

The Troops in thefe Wings they call'd Alares, and Alares Copis i and we at this day diflinguilh our Armies into the Main Body, the Right and Left Wings.

Wing isalfo ufed for the two Files that terminate eich

Batallion, or Squadron, on the Right and Left The

Pikes are ranged in the Middle, and the Mufqueteers in the Wings.

Wings, in Fortification, are the larger Sides of Horn- works, Crown-works, Tenailles, and the like Out-works ; including the Ramparts, and Parapets, with which they are bounded on the Right and Left, from their Gorge to their Front. ,.

Thefe Wingsat Sides are capable of being flank'd either with the Body of the Place, if they Hand not too far diftant 5 or with certain Redoubts ; or with 1 Traverfe made in their Ditch.

St.Michael's Wing, is a Militaty Order in Tortugalt'mvW- tuted, according to the JeCait Mendo, in 1 i6"j i or, according

beholden to St. Michael, whom he had chofe, fur his Patron in the War againll the Infidels.

The Banner they bore was aWing, refembling rhat of the Arch-Angel, of a purple Colour encompals'd with Rays of Gold— Their Rule was that of St. Beiiedicl s the Vow they made was to defend the Chriftian Religion, and the. Borders of the Kingdom, and to protect Orphans. Their Word, Smi ut Deus.

WINGED, in Botany, a Term apply'd to fuch Stems of Planti, as are furnifh'd, all their length, with a forr of mem- branous Leaves. See Stem.

Several kinds of Thiflles have isinged Stalks, and Bran- ches.

They alfo ufe the Term winged Leaves for fuch as confift of divers little Leaves rang'd in the fame direction, fo as to appear no more than one and the fame Leaf. Se© Leaf.

Such are the Leaves of Agrimony, Acacia, Alb, &c.

Winged Seeds, are fuch as have Down or Hairs on 'em, whereby the Wind taking hold, blows 'em to a diilanct* See Seed and Semi mat ion.

Winged, in Heraldry, is apply'd to a Bird, when its Wings arc of -a different Colour or Metal, from the Body.

Winged is al/b apply'd to any thing reprefented with Wings, tho* contrary to its Natute 5 as a --winged or flying Hart, &c. See Flying.

WINNOW, fignifies to fan, or feparate Corn from the Chaff by Wind.

WINTER, one of the four Seafons, or Quarters of tha Year. See Season, £J?c.

Winter commences on the Day when the Sun's diftance from the Zenith of the Place is the greater), and ends on the Day when its diftance is at a Mean between the greater} and leaft. See Sun.

Notwithftanding the Coldnefs of this Seafon, it is proved in Aftronomy, that the Sun is really nearer to the Earth in Winter than in Summer. See Earth.

The reafon of the decay of Heat, $$c. fee under the Articles Heat, Light, i£c.

Under the Equator the Winter, as well as the other Sea- fons, return twice every Year ; but all other Places have only one Winter in the Year ; which, in the Northern He- mifphere, begins when the Sun is in the Tropic of Capri- corn 3 and in the Southern Hcmifphere, when in rhe Tropic of Cancer: So that all Places in the fame Hemifphire have their Winter-it the fame time.

Winter Solflice ; fee Solstice.

Winter's Bar k, Cortex Winteri, or Winter anus 5 fee Cortex and Cinnamon.

Winter, among Printers, a part of the Printing-Prefs.

See PKINTING-y>T/S.

Winter Rig, among Husbandmen, fignifies to fallow, or till the Land in Winter. See Fallow, £S>c.

WIRE, wrote ilfoWyre, and Wiar, is apiece of Metal, drawn thro' the Hole of an Iron, inro a Thread, of a Fine- nels anfwerable to the Hole it is pafs'd through.

Wiresoxt frequently drawnfo fine, as to be wroughtalono with other Threads of Silk, Wool, or Hemp : And thus they become a confiderable Article in the Manufactures.

The Metals moft commonly drawn into Wire are Gold,

Silver, Copper, and Iron And hence we have Gold-Wire

Silver Wire, Iron Wire, Sec. as in thefollowing Articles.

Gold and Silver Wire What we call Gold Wire is

made of cylindric Ingots of Silver cover'd over with 1 Skin

of Gold, and thus drawn fucceffively thro' 1 vaft Number

of Holes, each fmaller, and fmaller ; till at laft it be

ade up of brought to a Finenefs exceeding that of a Hair.

That prodigious Duel ility which makes one of the diftin- guifhing Characters of Gold, is no where more confpi- euous than in this gilt Wire ■ A Cylinder of 48 Ounces of Gold cover'd with a Coat of Gold only weighing one Ounce, Dr. Halley informs us, is commonly drawn into a Wire, 2 Yards of which only weigh one Grain : Whence 98 Yardsof the Wire only weigh 49 Grains; andonefingle Grain of Gold covers the laid 98 Yards. So that the ten thoufandth part of a Grain is above {- of an Inch long.

The fame Author computing rhe thicknefs of the Skin

of Gold, found it to be only ttstts Part of an Inch yet

fe perfectly does it cover the Silver, that even a Microfcope does not difcover any appearance of the Silver underneath.

M.Rohault obferves, that a like Cylinder of Silver co- ver'd with Geld, 2 Feet 8 Inches long, and 2 Inches 9 Lines in Circumference, is dnwn into 1 Wire 307200 long, i, e. into 1152CO, its former length.

Mr. "Boyle relates, that 8 Grains of Gold covering 1 Cy- linder of Silver, is commonly drawn into a Wire thirteen thoufand Feet long. See Gold.

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