Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/1027

 WIN

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WIN

The Moderns, as their Navigation is much more perfect Note, The antient Names are here, after Ricciolus, adap-

than the antient, have given Names to twenty-eight Colla- ted to the modern ones; not as the Winds formerly denoted

teral ones 5 which they range into primary and fecundary — by thofewere precifely the fame with thefe, (for the antient

and the fecundary they iubdivide into thofe of the flrfl and Number and Divifion being different from the Modern, the

fecond Order. SeePoiNT. Points they refer to will be fomewhat different) butasthefe-

The Englift Names of the primary Collateral Winds and are what come the neareft. — Thus, Vitruvius only

Points are compounded of the Names of the Cardinal ones, reckoning twenty-four Winds, difpofes the Points they refer North mi South being flill prefix'd.

The Names of the fecundary Collateral Winds of the firil Order, arecompounded of the Names of theCardinals

and the adjacent primary one Thofe of the fecond Order

are compounded of the Names of the Cardinal, or the next adjacent primary; and the next Cardinal, with the addition

of the Word {by). The Latins have diflinct Names for

each 3 all which are exprels'd in the following Table.

Names of the Winds ,1

and Points of the Diflance of the

to in a different Order; as in the following Table. Names of the 'Diflance front Names of the 'Diflance from

Baft.

Winds.

Er.glifli.

1. North.

2. North by Eafl.

Eaft.
 * . North-North-

4.. North-Eaft by North.

North- Eafl.

1 Sepcntrio.

2 Gallicus.

3 Supernas,

4 Aquilo.

5 Eureas.

6 Carbas.

North.

Winds,

Compafs.

Latin and Greek.

! Parts, igc. From North.

S.North-Eatr byE.

7. Ealt-North- Eaft.

8. Eaft by North.

y. Eafl.

10. Eaft by South.

it. Eaft-South- Eall.

12. South- Eaft by

Eaft.

Septentrio, or Soreas, Hyperboreas.

Hypaquilo. Gallicus.

Aquilo. Mcfoboreas

Mefaquilo.

Supernas. Artlapeliotes.

fforapeliotes.

Grtectts. Hypocajfias. Ca:fias Hellefpontius. <>1

Mefocajfias. I

Carbas. 1 7°*

15

45

5«

'5

45

from the Eaft Solamts, Subfilanus, o s o'

Apeliotes. \

Hypeurus, or Hyper- IZ J 5

eurus. Eurus, or Volturnus

'3-

South-Eafi.

14. South-Eaft by South.

15. South-South- Eati.

11J. South by Eaft

17. South

18. South by Weft.

19. South-South Weft.

20. South-Weft by South.

2i. South Weft

22. South- Weft by Weft.

2 5 .Weft-South-W. 24. Weft by South.

25. Wefl.

a«. Weft by North.

27. Weft-North- Weft.

28. North-Weft by Weft.

29. North-Wefl.


 * o. North- Weft by

North.

31, North-North- Weft.

32. North by Weft.

Mefeurus.

Notafeliotes Euro-

aiifier. Hypophcenix.

Phoenix, Phoenicias, Leuco-notus,Gange ticus.

Mefophcenix.

Aufter, Noms, Me-

ridies. Hypoiibononotus, Al-

fanus. Libonotus, Notoly- bicus Auftro-africus. Mefolibonotus.

Noto-Zefhyrus.

Noto-Lybicus.

Africus. Hypolibs.

Hypafricus.

Subvefperus. Libs. Mefolibs.

Mefozephyrus.

33 45 5« «7

!i fron

4>

5*

30 45

I?

30

45

heSouth, o' 15

30

15

Zephyrus, Favonius,

Occidens. Hypargcites.

Hypocorus. Argcftes.

Caurus, Corus,

Japyx. Mefargeftes.

Mefocorus. Zeflhyro boreas, So-

rolybicus,Olym£ias Hypocircius.

Hypothrafcias.

Scirem. Circius, Thrafcias.

Mefocircius.

7S
 * 7

from the Weft.

U

30

45


 * 5

30

45

Names of the Winds.

7 Solamts.

8 Urn it bias, o Ca:cia<:.

10 Euru?. 1-1 Volturnus. 12 Eiirop;

13 Aufier.

14 Alianus.

15 Libonot. 16" Africus.

17 Subvefper.

18 Argeftes.

Uifia7j.ee fromYNames of the

South.

Winds.

ii) Favonius.

20 Etefire.

21 Circius. Caurus. Corus.

24 Thralcias.

'I)ifiance from Weft.

55

40 75

For the Ufe of 'the Winds in Navigation, &c. SeeRiiuMB, Compass, &c.

Wind Gmi, a Machine, ferving to explode Bullets, and other Shot, with great Violence; by the force of the Air. See Gun.

This Arm charged with Air, has an Effecl: fesree inferior to that of a common Fire- Arm charged with Gun-Powder; but it difcharges itfelf with a much lefs Report : And 'tis this, which, in all probability, gave occafion to the Fable of white Gun- Powder. See Gun -'Powder.

There are Wind-Guns of divers Contrivances; the molt eafy and portable one, and the moll: in ufe is reprefented, (Tab.PNEUMATics,i^.i4.) It confifts of around Metalline Tube 3, 3. open at the end c c t and exaclly ftopp'd at the other end ^, like the Barrels of other Guns 5 I, i, i, i, is another larger Metal Tube, wherein the former isdifpoied fo as to leave a Space between 'em 4, 4, wherein Air may be inclofed. The two Tubes arc joined together at ths common Aperture c c by a circular Plate exactly folder'd to both, fo as to prevent the Air from efcaping out of the Space 4, 4, i£c. At 8 is a fpring Valve, which opening in- wardly, letsthe Air pafs through from 2 into the Spacer, but prevents its return from 1 to 2. Near the clofe end of the inner Tube are two Holes 6 and 5; by the iirft the Spacer and the inner Tube communicate, fo that the Air would pafs out of that into this, but that the Paflage is ftop'd by a Valve opening outwardly; by the latter there is a communication between the open Air, the S^ace 4, and the inner Barrel : only the Air pent up in the Space can't efcape at this Hole by reafon of a little Tube exaclly folder'd to both Barrels, which flops the communication: nor can Air efcape out of the inner Barrel through this little Tube, by reafon of a little moveable Pin which exaclly fills the Cavity of the Tube.

Laflly, the Part 2, 2, 2, 2, reprefents the Body of a Sy- ringe or Sucking-Pump; by which, as much Airaspoffible,

is to be intruded into the Space 4, 4, £5?c. After which

a Bullet being put into the Cavity of the inner Barrel, as high, as the little Tube 5, the Gun ischarged. See Syringe.

Now, todifcharge it, the little Valve 6 is pu/h'd up by means of the Pin that playsun the little Tube 5. Upon this, the comprefs'd Air in the Cavity of the outer Barrel 4 ruffling through the Hole 6 into the Cavity of the inner Barrel; expels the Bullet with a vaft force, fufficient to penetrate a thick Board.

Note, To give the Machine the greater refemblance of a Fire- Arm, the Part 2, 2, 2, 2, is ufually fa/hion'd like the Butt-end of a MuTquet, and on the Part 28, 28 is fitted a Lock; by turning the Trigger of which, the Pin 5 is made

to pufh back the Valve, and fo difcharge the Piece. ■

By the Lock too, it is contrived that either the whole Charge of Air may be fpent at one Explofion, or only part of it, and the reft referved for frefh Bullets. By this piece of Mechanifm, we can have half a dozen good, effec- tive Shoots, with one Charge of Air.

WiNj>J5£g, an addle Egg, or Egg that has taken Wind.. See Egg.

WiND-i^/i, denotes Fruit blown off the Tree by theWind. "WiND-Gii//, in Horfes, a foft, flatulent Tumour or Blad- der, arifing en the fetlock Joint, and caufing great Pain, efpecially in hot Weather and hard Ways. See Gall.

It is ufually owing to a violent Srrain 5 extreme Labour, and Heat, a Horfe's ftanding on a floping Floor, a Blow from another, or the like.

Wind-