Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 2.djvu/1010

 WAT

Stomach!

C 3?>3 1

We Waters, are fuch as have the Virtue to "

cleanle (trengthen, and confirm the Stomach. As Red

Rote-Water, Mint-Water, Anifeed-ffW, &c. See Stomach.

Stygian Water. See Aqjja Regalis.

Styptic Water, is a Diflblution of red Vitriol, or the Colcothar remaining in the Retort after the Spirit has been extracted ; with burnt Alumn and Sugar-candy.— With thirty Grains of each of thefc three Drugs, they mix half an Ounce of .Urine of a young Man, as much Rate-Water, and two Ounces of Yhuam-Water.— Its ufe is to flop Bleeding. See Styptic. r

Treacle Water, Aqua Theriacalis, is direBed by the College Dilpenfatory to be made of green Walnuts, Rue, Carduus, Mangold, Baum, Buttcr-bur-Roots, Burdock, An- gelica, Mafterwort, Water-Germander, Venice Treacle, Mi- 'J™™. Canary, Vinegar, and Lemon-Juice, fteep'd and dlftlll d.— It is the moft ufed of any in the Shops ; tho Dr. gitmcy decries it as one of the word concerted of all. Its Intention is to be an Alexipharmachic and Sudorific.

Other Difpenfjtories give a more fimple treacle-Water, made from Treacle, with an equal quantity of Brandy and Vinegar— It is good for Ulcers, and Erofions of the Mouth ; efpecially if a little Armenian Bole be diflblv'd therein.

face 1 REACIE.

Vulnerary Water, is a Water proper for the healing of Wounds, prepared horn the Juice of Vulnerary Plants. See

WAT

V

ULNeRARY.

WATER, in Anatomy, (gt. is applied to divers Liquors or Humours in the human Body. See Humour. . Such is the Aqua 'Pklcgmatica, Phlegmatic Water; which is a loft lerous Humour, contained in the 'Pericardium, and wherein the Heart fwims, See Pericardium.

Anatomifts are divided about it : Some will not have it natural, but fuppofe it feparated forcibly during the Pangs of Death : Their Reafon is, the difficulty they meet withal in tracing its Pafiage, or how it is carried off— The lateft Anatomifis, however, feem to agree to its being a natural and ncceffary Humour: and one Reafon is, that it is found even in the Pericardiums of Fetus's.

It has likewife been difputed whence it fhould be fepara- ted.— The frefheft Opinion is, that it is fecreted by fome Glands about the Balis of the Heart; and that it diflils thence drop by drop, into the Cavity of the Pericardium, in fuch Quantity, as juft to Ripply what is expended daily by the Motion and Warmth of the Heart ; and fo needs no Evacuation. Its Ufe is, to moiften, lubricate, and cool the Heart, and prevent any Inflammation that might arife from the dry Friction of the Heart and Pericardium. So that it does the fame Office to the Heart, that the Water does wherein the Betas fwims ; which without it would not have liberty to move at all. See Heart.

in divers Ceremonies, both Civil Saftifmal Water, Holy Water,

WATER is alfo ufed and Religious. — Such is th« &c. See Baptism, $£c.

Holy Water, is a Water prepared every Sunday in the Rmmjb Church, with divers Prayers, Exorcifms, S?e. ufed by the People to crofs themfelves withal at their entrance, and going out of Church ; and pretended to have the Vir- tue of waAling away venial Sins, driving away Devils, pre- ferving from Thunder, diffolving Charms, fecuring from, or curing Difeafes, ££c.

The Ufe of Holy Water appears to be of a pretty antient Handing in the Church : witnefs S. Jerom, in his Life ofS. Hilar ion, and Gretfer de SencdiS. Cap. x, !Sc.

M. Godcau attributes its Original to Pope Alexander, a Martyr under the Emperor Adrian.

Many of the Reformed take the Ufe of Holy Water to have been borrow'd from the Lujlral Water of the antient

Romans. See Lustralis.- Tho it might as well be

borrow'd from the Sprinklings in ufe among the Jews. See Numbers xix. 17.

Urban Godfrey Siber, a German, has a Differtation print- ed at Leipfic, to Ihew, by Proofs brought from Church- HiHory, that one may give Holy Water to drink to Brutes.

Sitter Waters of Jealoufy.—h, the Lcvitical Law, we find mention made of a Water, which ferv'd to prove whe- ther or no a Woman were an Adultrcfs. -The Formula

was this : The Prieft, offering her the Holy Water denoun- ced, — u If thou haft gone afidc to another, inftead of thy " Husband, and if thou be defiled, &c. the Lord make " thee a Curfe and an Oath among thy People, by making " thy Thigh to rot, and thy Belly to fwell : And this Wit- " tcr fhall go into thy Bowels, to make thy Belly to fwell, " and thy Thigh to rot." And the Woman mall ky.

Amen.- " Thefc Curfes the Prieft (hall write in a Book,

" and blot 'em out with the bitter Water." ." When he'

'' hath made her drink the Water, it /hall come to pafs, " become bitter, and her Belly /hall fwell, tgc." . ■« If
 * ' that if She be defiled, the Water /hall enter into her and

" /he be not defiled, /he /hall be free, and conceive Seed." Numbers ch. v.

Water Ordeal, or Trial was of two Kinds ; by hot, or by cold Water.

Trial or Purgation by boiling, or hot Water. Among

our Anceftors^ there was a way of proving Crimes, by itn- merging the Body or the Arm in hot Water, with divers Re- ligious Ceremonies. See Trial, Purgation. Ho.

In the Judgment by boiling Water, the Accufcd, or he who perfonated the Accufed, was oblig'd to put his naked Arm mto a Cauldron full of boiling Water ; and to draw out a Stone thence, placed at a greater or lefs depth according

to the Quahty of the Crime This done, the Arm was

wrap dun, and rhe Judge let his Seal on the Cloth ; and at the end of three Days they returned to view it ; when, if it were found without any Scald, the Accufed was declared Innocent.

The Nobles and great Perfons purg'd thefnfelves thus by hot Water ; and the Populace by cold Water.

F. MabiUon will have this Ceremony introduced by Pope Eugenms II. in lieu of making Oath with the Hand laid on the Rebcks of fome Saint ; which having been abufed, was prohibited by Inuocent-Ul. at the Council of the Lateran.

" Theotberge, Wife of Lothaire of France, having been

accufed of Inceft, committed before Marriage with her " Brother Duke Hubert ; as fhe could not be convicted by

any Witncffes, certain of the Bifhops were confulted as to " the manner wherein the Judges fhould proceed in an At

fair where the Crime, tho very dubious, did difhonour u n° King ' The Bini0 P s were of Opinion they

/hould have recourfe to the 'Proof by boiling Water ; " which confilled in this, That the Accufed, to prove her

Innocence, fhould plunge her Hand into a Bafon of boiling " Water, and take out a Ring put therein. Sometimes, in- " deed, they fubftituted another Perfon to make the Trial, " in the room of the Accufed : Accordingly, the Rank and ' Quality of Theotberge excufing her from making the Proof

her felf, fhe chofe a Man to do it for her ; who either " out of Zeal for the Life and Honour of the Princefs, or

for Money, flood the Teft, and drew out his Hand and

the Ring, without harm." F. Daniel's Hifl. of France.

Trial or Purgation by cold Water.— After certain Pray- ers, and other Ceremonies, the Accufed was Twaddled, or ty'd up all in a Pelotoon or Lump ; and thus cafl into a Ri- ver, Lake, or Veflel of cold Water; where, if he funk, he was held criminal ; if he floated, innocent. See Judicium, Purgation, Proof, Ordeal, Combat, tSc.

WATER, among Jewelers, is properly the Colour »r Luftre of Diamonds, and Pearls ; thus call'd, by reafon thefc wcte antiently fuppofed to be form'd, or concreted, of Wa- ter. See Gem, i$c.

Thus, they fay, fuch a Pearl is of a fine Water. See Pearl. — The Water of fuch a Diamond is muddy. See Diamond.

The Term is fometimes alfo ufed, tho lefs properly, for the Colour or Hue of other precious Stones. See Precious Stone.

WATER-S«;7/y", is an Officer antiently eflablifh'd in all Port-Towns, for the fea^ching of Ships ; as appears from 28 Hen. VI. cap. v.

There is fuch an Officer flill on foot in the City of London, who fupervifes arid fearches all Fifh brought thither ; and gathers the Toll arifing from the River of Thames. — He at- tends alfo on the Lord Mayor, and hath the principal Care of marfhalling the Guefls at the Table.

He alfo arrefls Men for Debt, or other Perfonal or Crimi- nal Matters, on the River of Thames, by Warrant of his Superiors, ££c.

Water Sorn, in the Sea Language.— A Ship isfaid to be Water bom, when fhe is where there is no more Water than will barely bear her from Ground ; or when lying even with the Ground, fhe firft begins to float or fwim.

WATER-Co/o«;n, in Painting, are fuch Colours as are only diluted and mix'd up with Gam-Water. — In conrradiftinction to Oil Colours. See Colour.

The Ufe of Water-Colours, makes what we call Limning ; as that of Oil-Colours does Painting properly fo called. See Limning, and Painting.

25c«^-Water, in the Sea Language, is the Eddy Water that follows the Stern of the Ship j not paffing away fb fail as that which Aides by her Sides.

WATER-Fanra. Sec Farcin.

Water Gage, an Inflrument to meafure the Depth or Quantity of any Water. See Gage, Sounding, tjje.

WATER-Gtfwg, from the Saxon Watergang, a Courfe or Trench, to convey a Stream of Water. SeeCANAL,TRENcir, &c.

Water-Z/w, of a Ship, is that Line which diftinguilhes that part of her under Water, from that above j when Iha is duly laden.

Xkxx

Water-