Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/935

 GRE

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GRE

here being no one Ingredient that will give Green alone.

Mountain-G?r(?72, or Hungary-Green, is a fort of grcemjb Powder found in little Grains, like Sand, among the Moun- tains of Kemaufent ;in Hungary, and thofe of Moldavia.

Tho' fome hold that this Mountain-Graw is factitious, and the fame with what the Ancients called BosJEris, pre- pared by calling Water, or rather Wine, on Copper red- hot from the Furnacej and catching, the Fumes thereof on Copper-Plates laid over for the Purpofc ; or by diffolving Copper-Plates in Wine, much as in making Vcrdegreafe. The Painters make ufe of this Colour for a Grafs-Green. It is fometimes counterfeited, by grinding Vcrdegreafe with Cerufe.

Earth Green. See Verditer.

Calcined Green, and 2)ijiilled Green. Sec Verde- grea.se.

Green Copperas. See Cotperas. ■ Green F'ifh. See Fish.

Green Glafs. See Glass.

Green Cap. See Cap.

Green Hide, is that not yet curried, but fuch as taken off from the Carcafe. See Hide, Leather, and Curp.y- ing.

Green Cloth t a Board, or Court, of Juftice, held in the Compting-Houfe of the Kind's Houfhold, for the taking Cognizance of all Matters of Government and Juilice with- in the King's Court Royal 5 and for correcting all the Ser- vants therein, that fhall any way offend. See Houshold, and Compting-House.

To this Court alfo belongs the Authority of maintaining the Peace for twelve Miles round the King's Court, where- ever it fhall be, excepting at London. See Peace and Pax.

The Judge of this Court, is the Lord Steward, affifted by the Treafurer, Comptroller, Cofferer, Clerks of the Green-Cloth, &c. See Steward ; fee alfo Verge.

it takes its Name Green-Cloth, from a Green-Cloth fprcad over the Board where they fit, whereon are the Arms of the Compting-Houfe.

Clerks of the Green-C/o?/^, are two Officers of the Board of Green-Cloth^ who attend there, and have Bufinefs affign'd them by the Board. All Bills of Comptrolments relating to the Office, are fiim'd up, and allowed by the Clerks Comptrollers, and audited by the Clerks of the Green-Cloth.

They alfo appoint the King's, Queen's, and Houfhold's Diet, keep all Records, Leigers, and Papers relating there- to ; make up Bills, Parcels, and Debentures for Salaries, £s?c And Provifions and Neceffaries for the Offices of the Pantry, Buttery, Cellar, &c.

GwE.N-Houfc t or Confervqtorto 5 a Ho ufe, or Building, in a Garden h contrived for preferving of the more tender and curious Exotic Plants, which will not bear the Winter's Cold abroad in our Climate. See Exotic

Green- Houfes, as now built, ferve not only as Conferva- tories, but likewife as Ornaments of Gardens; being ufually large and beautiful Structures, in Form of Galleries, where- in the Plants are handfomely ranged in Cafes for the pur- pofe. See Garden.

The Green-Houfe, Mr. Mortimer directs to be open to the South, or very little declining therefrom : The Hcighth and Breadth to be about 12 Foot, and Length according to the Number of Plants intended to be kept therein. It Jliould be fituate on the drieff. Ground, and (b contrived, as that norhing may obftruct the Sun's Rays in Winter. In the building it, Care muft be taken, not to plaitter it on the Infide with Lime and Hair ; Dampnefs being obferved to continue longer on fuch Plainer, than on Bricks or Wain- fcote. To preferve it the more from Moiflure and Colds, an artificial Heat is to be ufed : In order to this, fome hang up Fires, and others place Pans of Coals in Holes in the Ground. The better way is, to have a Stove behind the Green-Houfe, and to convey the Heat thereof thro' Trills made under the Floor for that Purpofe. The belt Method of all, according to &raMey, is the new Stove invented by M. Ganger, and published in Englifh by Dr. 1)efagidiers. See Fire.

Some have Sadies, Cafements, and Doors of Glafs ; others prefer moveable Canvas Doors, to be taken off, and put on at pleafure.

The Pots and CliTcs are to be ranged in the Green-Houfe fo, as not to incommode one another, or hinder any from readily receiving both Sun, Air, $?c. As to the Management of the Plants herein, Mortimer recommends the opening of the Mould about them, from time to time, and fprink- ling a little freAi Mould in them, and a little warm Dung on that 5 as alfo to water them when the Leaves begin to wither and curl, and not oftner, which would make them fade and be fickly ; and to take off fuch Leaves as wither and grow dry.

Bradley advifes, that in the colder Parts of England, the Front of the Green- Ho ufe ha built in a Sweep, or Semicir-

cle, to receive the Sun's Rays, one part or other of it, all Day : That all the Windows, fi?c. in the Front, have clofe, thick, wooden Shutters, to be fruit every Night in Winter, forfearofFrofls, Nipping Windsor. — 'Hutch Tiles bethinks the beft Lining for the Walls, as being dry, and reflecting a deal of Heat; and fquare Tiles for the Pavement, which readily imbibe the Wet, and never fweat, as Marble and the harder Srones do.— The Plants in the Green-Houfe are not to fill above a ^ Part of the Space thereof ■ the reft being left vacant for the Air to circulate about the Plants. If the Houfe be crowded with Plants, the Effluvia they are continually emitting by Pcrfpiration, and the Vapours from the Mould, will condenfe rhe Air, and caufe Dampnefs. The Plants to be difpoled, as much as pomble, about the middle Parts of the Green-Houfe, where they will be fafer from the Cold, which is ufually greateft near the Glaffes and Walls : The tendereit Plants to be difpofed ncareft to where the Heat comes in.

'Tis a general Rule among Gardeners, to fet Exotic Plants into the Green-Houfe, about the iecond Week in September, and to take them out again about the middle of May ; tho' there mould he fome Diftintfion made' here- in 5 the tendered: Sorts from Places near the Line, as the Aloes, %£c. being to be confined more to the Green-Houfe, than Oranges, Myrties, £S?c.

Green- Plots, Walks, ike See G&ks$-<P.lotS, 8cci

GREENLAND Fifkery: See Whale Fishery.

GREENWICH Hofpital. See Hospital.

GREGORIAN Calendar, is that which mews the new and full Moon, with the Time of Eajlcr, and the -movea- b'e Feafts depending thereon, by Means of E pacts diipoled thro' the feveral Months of the Gregorian Year. See Ca- lendar, Easter, Sec.

The Gregorian Calendar, therefore, differs from the Ju- lian, both in the Form of the Year ; and in that it ufes Epacts, inrtead of Golden Numbers. See Epact, and Golden Number.

This Reformation of the Calendar, was made in ij82j by Order of Pope Gregory XIII. and with the Advice of Aloyfius Lilius, and other Mathematicians : At the fame Time, ten Days were cut off from that Year, and cad away, to bring the Equinoxes to their ancient Seat, viz. the 21 of March.- And to keep them conftantly there, the fame Pope introduced the Gregorian Year. See the Article following.

Gregorian Tear, is the Julian Year corrected, or mo- delfd, in fuch manner, as that the three fecular Years, which in the Julian Account are Biffextile, are here common Years, and only every fourth fecular I ear, a Biffextile Year. See Bissextile.

The Gregorian Year, tho' it comes nearer to Nature and Truth, than the Julian ; is not itrictly juft : In 400 Years it gets r Hour 20' ; and confequently in 7200, a whole Day, See Year.

The Gregorian Year, is that now ufed in mod Countries of Europe ; England, moil of the United Provinces, S-weed- en, and Denmark, excepted ; where the Julian Year it ill obtains. See Julian Tear.

From this Difference, a riles the Distinction of Old or Ju- lian, and Neiv or Gregorian Style. See Style.

The Old Style is now n Days behind the Neia : So that the fame Day which in thcGregorian Account is the 11 th Day of any Month, in the Julian is only the i°.

Gregorian Epoeha, is the Epocha, or Time whence the Gregorian Calendar, or Computation, took Place. See Epocha.

The prefent Year 1726, is the 144 th Year of the Grego- rian Epocha.

Grenada, ~\ ,'Granado,

Grenate, > fee < Granate, Grenadier, J (.Granadier.

Gk*s.s\i km- College. Sec College.

GREVE, among our antient Writers, is a Denomination of Power and Authority; fignifying as much as a Comes, or Vice- comes : and hence our Shy-reeve, Portgrceve> ckc. See Port- greeve, £5>c.

According to Hoveden, Greve dicitur, ideo quod jure de- heat Griih, /. e. facem ex illis facere, qui Patrice i-nferunt vce, i. e. miferiam vel malum.

Hence, but with lefs Power and Dignity, is derived the Word Reve, a Bailiff, or Under-Omcer of the Lord of a Manor. Sec Reve.

GRIFFON, Gryphus, > ?( ,\J., in Natural Hiftory, a Bird of Prey, of the Eagle Kind. See Eagle.

The Antients fpeak fabuloufly of the Griffon ; they renre- fentit with four Legs, Wings, and a Beak; the upper Part reprefenting an Eagle, and the lower a Lion ; They fup- pofed it to watch over Gold Mines, hidden Treafures, ggc. The Animal was confecrated to the Sun ; and the antient Painters reprefentcd the Chariot of the Sun as drawn by Griffons. M. Spanheim obferves the fame of thofe of Jupiter and Nemefis.


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