Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/923

 GOR

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GOV

Viro g? Uxori ftante focie-

jtire acqiufita : And Conquefis tate acquifita.

And again, into real and perfinal Goods ; fee Rial, and Personal.

And lafily, into Noble, or Free; and Servile, or Safe.

Goods belonging to the Domain of the Crown, ad Fifcum fpcBantia, cannot be alienated for ever ; unlefs by way of Exchange : They may be fold under the Faculty of perpe- tual Redemption. — See Redemption.

'Dotal Goods, 'Dotalia, are thofe accruing from a Dowry, and which the Husband is not allowed to alienate. See Dower.

Vacant Goods, Vacantia, are thofe abandoned, or left at large, either by realon the Heir renounces them, or that the Defunct has no Heir. See Vacant.

'Paraphernal Goods, 'Paraphernalia, are thofe which the Wife gives her Husband to enjoy, on condition of withdraw- ing them when (lie pleafes. See Paraphernalia.

Adventitious Goods, Advcmitia, are thofe which arife o- therwife than by Succeffion from Father, or Mother; or from direA Anceftor to Defendant. See Adventitious.

'ProveBitious Goods, 'ProvcSitia, are thofe arifing by di- rect Succeffion. See Provectitious.

Receptitious Goods were thofe which the Wife might re- ferve the full Property of to her felf, and enjoy them inde- pendantly of her Husband ; in diftinfiion from 23cm/ and 'Paraphernal Goods.

GORDIAN, a Term in Hiflory.— The Gordian Knot was a Knot made in the Leathers, or Harnefs of the Cha- riot of Gordms, Father of Midas ; fo very intricate, that there was no feing where it began, or ended.

The Inhabitants had a Tradition, that the Oracle had de- clared that he ihould be Matter of Afla who could untiethis Knot. Alexander having undertaken ir, and fearing that if he mould not be able to e£fcfi it, it would be dcem'd an ill Augury, and prove a Check in the way of his Conquefls ; cut it alunder with his Sword ; and thus, fays &uintns Curtius, cither accompliftl'd, or eluded the Oracle.

Some will have the Phrafe derived from Gordim, King of -Phrygia, who tied the fatal Knot ; others, from Gor- Ailim, a City in 'Phr ygiq, where the Knot was made.—

GORE, in Heraldry, one of the regular Abatements, ufed, according to Gwillim, to denote a Coward. See Abatement.

It coniifts of two Arches, or Curve Lines, drawn, one from the Siniiter Chief, the other from the Sinifier Bafe, and meeting in an acute Angle in the middle of the Fefs-Point ; as" in the Figure adjoining.

GOREL, the Name, or Title given to the Prince of Ge- orgia. — The Gorel is always a Mahometan: The Sophi of to preferve the Dignity of Gorel in his Family.
 * perfia obliges him to obferve. the Religion of the Alcoran,

GORGE, a Trench Term, ufed for what in Englifh we call the throat, and the Latins Fauces. See Throat.

Gorge, in Falconry, is the uppermoft Bag, or Stomach of a Hawk, or Falcon; being that which receives the Food the firit. See Hawk.

ThoGorge, Jngluvies, is the fame in Birds of Prey with what we call the Crow, or Crop.

When the Bird is fed, he is faid to be gorged. See Hawking.

Gorge, in Architecture, a fort of concave Moulding, wider, but not fo deep as a Scotia ; ufed chiefly in Frames, Chambranles, &c. See Scotia.

Gorge of a Chimney, is the Part between the Cham- branle, and the Crowning of the Mantle. — Of this there are divers Forms, ftraight, perpendicular, in form of a Bell, &c.

Gorge is fbmetimes alfo ufed for a Moulding that is con- cave in the upper Part, and convex at Bottom ; more pro- perly called Gula, and Cpnatium. See Gula, and Cyma- tium.

Gorge is alio ufed for the Keck of a Column ; more pro- perly called Collarino, and Gorgerin. See Gorgerin, ££c.

Gorge, in Fortification, the Entrance of a Baftion; or of a Ravelin, or other Out-work. SeeBASTioN, Ravelin,^,

The Gorge is what remains of the Sides of the Polygon of a Place, after retrenching the Curtains : In which cafe it makes an Angle in the Centre of the Baftion— Such is A H D tab. Fortification, Fig. 1.

In flatBaftions, it is a Right Line on the Curtain by which we enter either the Baftion, or the Out-works. It is alfo the Aperture thro' which we enter, or the Interval between, the two Wings, or Flanks on the Side of the Ditch. All the Gorges are to be deftitute of Parapets;othcrwife, the Befiegers having taken pofleffion of a Work, might make ufe thereof to defend themfelves from thcShot of the Place : So that they are only fortified with Palifado's, to prevent a Surprife.

Half the Gorge, 'Demi Gorge, or That Part of the Po-

lygon between the Flank, and the Centre of the Baftion, as A H, is call'd the 'Demi Gorge. See Demi Gorge.

GORGED, in Heraldry, is when a Crown, Coronet, or the like thing is bore about the Neck of a Lion, a Swan.ti^. In that cafe they fay, the LiDn, or Cygnet is gorged with a. Ducal Coronet, £$c.

Gorged is alfo ufed when the Gorge, or Neck of a Pea- cock, Swan, or the like Bird is of a different Colour, or Metai from the reft. — '

Gorged, among Farriers, ifc. fignifies as much as fzvellcd.

In this Scnfe they fay, the Legs of a Horfe are gorged ; the paitern Joint is gorged.

GORGERIN, a Part of the anticnt Armour; being that which cover'd the Throat, or Neck of a Perfon arm'd at all Points. —

Gorgerin, or Gorge, in Architefiure, is the little Frieze in the Doric Capital, between the Aftragal at the Top of the Shaft of the Column, and the Annulets. See Doric Capital.

Some call it Colarino. — Vitrumus gives it the Name By- potracbelium. See HvpotracheliUm.

GOTHIC, or Gothick, fomething that his a relation

Thus we fay, Gothic Manner, Gothic Ignorance: The Ty- rant Maximiu was of Gothic Race, e?c.

Gothic 'Character, or Gothic Writing, is a Charafier, or manner of Writing, which, in the main, is the fame with the Roman, only full of Angles, Turns, and Bendings; e- fpecially at the Beginning and Ending of each Letter. See CiiARACTER.and Letter.

The Manufcripts in Gothic Characters are not very an-, tient. — Ulpilas, Biihop of the Goths, was the fiiit Inventor of the Gothic Characters; and the firit that tranfiated the Bible into the Gothic Tongue.

The Runic Characters are alfo frequently called Gothic Characters: Fa. Mabillon, De re -Diplomat. L.I. C.II. But they who take the Gothic Charafiers to be the fame with the Runic, are miftaken; as is {hewn by 01. IFormius, Ju- nius in his Preface to the Gofpels wrote in Gothic Letters, and Dr. Hicks on the Runic Tongue. See Runic.

Gothic Architecture, is that which deviates from the Proportions, Charafiers, £?c. of the Antique. See Archi- tecture.

The Gothic Architecture is frequently very folid, heavy, and maffive ; and fomctimes, on the contrary, exceedingly light, delicate, and rich. The Abundance of little, whim- iicai, impertinent Ornaments, are its moft ufual Character. '

Authors diilinguiih two Kinds of Gothic Architecture; the one antient, the other Modern. — The Antient, is that which the Goths brought with them from the North, in the V th Century: The Edifices built in this manner, were ex- ceeding maffive, heavy, and coarfe.

Thofe of the ModernGothic run into the other Extreme, being light, delicate, and rich to a Fault: Witnefs JVeft- minfter Abby, the Cathedral of Lichfield, the Crofs of Co- ventry, &c.

The laft kind continued long in ufe, efpecially in Italy, viz. from the XIHth Century, to the Reftauration of the an- tique Building in the XVIth. All the antient Cathedrals are in this kind. See Architecture.

The Inventors of the Gothic Architefiure thought, no doubt, they had far furpafs'd the Greek Architects : A Greek Building has not a fingle Ornament but what adds a Beautyto the Whole. The Parts neceflary to fuftain,or Ihelter it, as the Columns, Corniches, igc. derive all their Beauty from their Proportions : Every thing is fimple, meafur'd, and reftrain'd to the Ufe it is intended for. No daring, out of the way Strokes ; nothing quaint to impofe on the Eye: The Proportions are fo juft, that nothing appears vety grand of itfelf, tho' the whole be grand. On the contrary; in the Gothic Architefiure, we fee huge Vaults rais'd on flender Pillars, which one would expefi every Minute to tumble down, tho' they will ftand for many Ages. Every thing is crammed withWindows.Rofes.Cioflfes, Figures, &c.

Gothic Column, is any round Pillar, in a Gothic Buil- ding, either too thick, or too fmall for its Height. See Column.

There are feme found even of 20 Diameters high ; with- out either Diminution, or Swelling. See Pillar, Diminu- tion, Swelling, &c.

GOUD, or Gaud, or Woad, a Plant ufed by the Diers, to give a yellow Colour ; and for this reafon called in Latin, Lmeola, of luteus, yellow. See Yellow.

This Plant is fown in a light Ground, in the Months of March, or September; and is ripe in June, or July. In hot Countries it is frequently dry enough when gather'd ; but in the colder, care muft be taken to dry it. Great Circumfpe- fiion to be ufed, that it be not gather'd before thorough ripe; at alfo to prevent its getting wet, when gather'd. See Woad- a. x GO-