Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/902

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wrap'd up under one common Membrane — Such are the Ma- xillary Glands, Sic.

The Humors fecreted in thefe Glands, are fometimes dif- charecd at a common excretory Duel, form'd of an Union of the excretory Duels of all the particular ones ; as the (Panchreas and Carotides do. See Panchreas and Ca-

ROTIDES.

Sometimes, the Duels uniting form feveral Tubes, only communicating with each other by crofs Canals ; as in thole of the Breads. See Mammi.

Some, again, have feveral excretory Tubes, without any Communication together ; as the Glandule lachrymales, and projlatce. See Prostatje, £f?c.

Others, have their feveral excretory Duels inferted into a common Canal, which opens at laft into fome of the greater Cavities; as the Salival Glands, Intefiinal Glands, &c. See Saliva, Intestines, Sec.

Laftly, in others, each Gland has its own excretory Duel, fuch are thofe of the Kidneys. See Kidney, Pelvis, &c
 * hro' which it tranlmits its Liquor to a common Bafon ;

The Glands are again divided into Vafcular,and Veficular.

Vafcidar Glands are only Clutters of little Veffels, which uniting together, form the Canal or excretory Duel through which their fecreted Juice is difcharged.

Vejicular Glands are AflTemblages of Veficulas commu- nicating with each other, and all terminating in two or three larger VefTels ; by a Prolongation whereof the excretory Duel is form'd.

The Glands, again, are divided into Adventitious ; and ^Perpetual, or Nan/rat.

Adventitious Glands are thofe Kernels arifing occasion- ally under the Arm-pits, on the Keck, £?c. Such are the Struma, and the Tumors fometimes found on the Larynx, and Middle of the Trachea.

'Perpetual, or Natural Glands are of two Kinds, Con- globate, and Conglomerate. See Conglobate, and Con- glomerate,

A Lift of the divers-Sorts of Glands in the human Body ; each ivhereof filtrates a different Humor.

f^Erebri.

18 Mammarum.

19 Ventriculi. 2oIntefiinorum. 21 Pancreatis. 2 2 Hepatis. 23 Venca; Fellis. 24Renum.

2 5 Renales. 26"Ureterum.

27 Velka; Urinaria;.

28 Urethra.

29 Tefticulorum.

30 Proftatarum.

3 1 Uteri.

32 Vagina.

33 Lymphatics. 34Pinguedinales. 3 5 Mcdullares. 3 fec( . rnente5 _ 9 Vitreum

jo AtrumCho- roidis

3 1 Nafales.

12 Buccales, Labiales, Pala- tini.

3 3 Parotides, Maxillares, Sublinguals.

34Tonfillarum.

35 Oefophagi.

itfAfperie Arterla.

37 Pericardii.

Zumbal Glands, or Glandule Zumbares, are three Glands., thus called by Sartholine, as lying on the Loins. See Loins.

The two larger! lie upon one another betwixt the defend- ing Cava and Aorta, in the Angle made by the Emulgents with the Cava: The third and fmallell flands over the former under the Appendices of the Diaphragm. They communicate, and are connecled together by I'm a 11 la- cleal VefTels. Sarthcline had concluded them to ferve as a common Receptacle of the Chyle ; but Dr» TYhartons Opi- nion is more probable, viz. that they fupply the Place of thofe larger Glands found in the Melenteries of Brutes.

Miliary Glands, Glandule Miliarcs. SeeMiLiARY Glands.

Mucilaginous Glands are a kind <&Gland]s firft, defcribed by Dr. Havers. See Mucilaginous Glands.

Mucous. Glands, Glandul/e Mucofie 5 fee Mucous Glands.

Myrtifbrm Glands, are Contractions of the Hymen, broke by the firft Aft of Venery. See Myrtiformes Glan- dule; ' ee a ^'° Hymen.

Odoriferous Glands, Glandule Odorifere, are certain fmall Glands difcover'd by Dr. Tyfon, in that Part of the Penis, where the Prxpuce is contiguous to the Bakmus. See Preputium.

He gave them this Name from the brilk Scent which their fcparated Liquor emits. In fuch Perfbns as have the Pre- puce longer than ordinary, they are not only more in Num- ber, but larger, and feparate a greater Quantity of Juice ; Whiehj lodging there, often grows rancid, and corrupts the

Glands. Thefe Glands are very confpicuous in moil Qua- drupeds, efpecially Dogs, and Boars.

tpineal Gland, Glandula fincalis. See Pineal Gland, and Conarium.

Pituitary Gland, Glandula 'Pituitaria. See Pitui- tary Gland.

Renal Glands, Glandule Renales ; call'd aKoCapfu- l<e atrahilares, are two Glands, mil difcover'd by Eujlachius^ between the Aorta, and the Kidneys, a little above the emulgent VefTels ; tho' theirSituation and Figure is varied : In fome they are round 5 in others fquare, triangular, £5V. The right is uiually bigger than the left, and each about the Size of a Nux Vomica: They are inclos'd in Fat.

Their Ufe is not certainly known: *Tis fuppos'd to be to feparate a Liqucr from the Arterial Blood, before it go to the Kidneys. — See Atraeilares.

GLANDERS, a filthy Difeafe in a Horfe, confifting in a running of corrupt Matter from the Nofe, of a different Colour, according to the Degree of the Malignity, or as the Infeclion has been of ihorter or longer Continuance ; be- ing white, yellow, green, or black. — ■

Authors afcribe it to various Caufes; fome to Infeclion; fome, to a Difbrder of the Lungs ; others, to the Spleen; fome, to the Liver ; and others, to the Brain — After it has been of fo long Handing, that the Matter is become of a blac- kifh Colour, which is uiually in its laft Stage, they fuppofe it to come from the Spine ; and hence call it the Mourning of the Chine.

Kernels and Knots are ufually felt under the Caul in this Diforder : And as thefe grow b ggcr and more inflamed, jo the Glanders increafe more under the Horfe 's Body.

A late Author is of opinion, that the chief Seat of this Diftemper is in a little, foft, Spungy Fle/h, which is caiily dilated by the leaft Influx of the Blood: And thence it is that fome Horfes have a running at the Nofe from a very flight Cold ; but when this fpungy Subitance happens to be very much relaxed, the Running is increafed in Proportion.

GLANDULA, in Anatomy, the fame as Gland. See Gland.

The Word is a Diminutive of the Latin Glans, Acorn ; and is here us'd on account of fome external Refemblance between the Glands of the Body, and the Fruit of the Oak.

Glandulje Sebacee, are a Number of Glands under the Skin of the Auricle of the Ear, firft difcover'd by Val- falva, and thus denominated, by reafon they feparate a greafy Matter, like Sebum, or Tallow. See Auricle.

This Sebum, he afTerts, being carried to the Surface of the Skin, turns into a fcaly Subftancc, not unlike that of Bran.

Glandula Guidoms, among Surgeons, is a Tumor re- fembling a Gland, foft, fingle, moveable, without Roots, and Separated from the adjacent P^rts. — ■

GLANDULE, in Anatomy, ££r. a Diminutive of the Word Gland; fignifying a little Gland.

Thus, the Amygdala, or Almonds of the Ears are called Glandules. See Tonsil.

GLANDULOUS, or Glandular, fomething com- pofed oiGlands ; or that abounds with Glands. See Gland.

Thus, the Breafts are faid to be Glandulous Bodies. See Breasts.

The Cortical Subftance of the Brain is commonly reputed to be glandulous : Tho' the Excellent Riiyfch, from the Difcoveries made by his admirable Injeclions, holds that there is no fuch thing therein. See Brain.

The Antients diftinguifh'd a particular kind of Flelh, which they call'd Caro glandulofa, or glandulous Flefh. See Flesh.

Glandulous Body, Glandulosum Corpus, the fame with <ProJlata. Sec Prostata.

GLANS, Acorn, in Natural Hiftory, a Fruit contain'd within a fmooth, but hard Bark, including a fingle Seed ; its Hind-part being cover'd with a kind of Cup, and the Fore-part bare. See Fruit 3 and Seed; fee alfo Tim- ber, &c.

Glans, in Anatomy, is the Tip, or Button of the Penis ; or that Part cover'd with the Prepuce ; call'd alio Balanas. See Balanus, and Penis.

The Glans is only a Dilatation of the Extremity of the fpongeous Subftance of the Urethra, bunch'd and turn'd back on the two conical Tip*s of the Corpora cavemofa* which terminate therein. See Urethra, and Cavernosa, Corpora.

The Extremity of the Prepuce is apt to grow fo ftraight in old Men, that it cannot bear the Glans ; perhaps thro* the Defecl of frequent Ereclions. See Prepuce; fee alfb Erection.

Glans is alfo ufed for the Tip, or Extremity of the Cli- toris, from its Refemblance both in Form and Ufe, to that of the Penis. See Clitoris.

The principal Difference confifts in this, that it is not per- forated : Th\sGlans is alfb cover'd with a Prreputium, form'd of the inner Membrane of the Labia. SeePRJEPUTiuM.

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