Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/800

 FLE

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FLE

unequal Farts, called Semi-tones ; and the Whole may be of Jafim went in Purfuit of to Colchis, a Province of Afia, called the Semitonic Scale, containing twelve Semi-tones betwixt thirteen Notes, in the Gompafs of the Octave. See Semi-tone, and Scale of Semi-tones.

How, to preferve the Diatonic Series diflinct, thefe in- ferted Notes either take the Name oi the natural Note next below, with a Character $ called a Sharp ; or they take the Name of the natural No ( c next above, with the Mark t* called a Flat : Thus D fe or D Flat iignifies a Semi-tone below the D natural. And it is indifferent in the main, whether the inferted Note be accounted as a Flat, or Sharp.

This Semitonic Series or Scale is very exactly reprefented by the Keys of a Spinet : The foremoil Range of Keys be- ing the natural Notes; and the Keys behind, the artificial Notes, or the Flats and Sharps. See Spinet.

FLATULENT, fometing, that has a relation to Fla- tus's or Winds. See Flatus.

now calfd Mingrelia. See Argonauts.

Order of the Golden Fleece. Sec Golden Fleece.

FLEET, by the Spaniards call'd Fiona, or Flota, and the French, Flotte, a Number of VefTels, going in Company, whether on a Defign of War, or Commerce.

In times of Peace, Merchants Ships go in Fleets, for their mutual Aid and Affiftance: In times of War, befide this Security, they likewife procure Convoys of Men of War ; either to efcort them to the Places whither they are bound ; or only a part of the way, to a certain Point or Latitude, beyond which they are judg'd out of Danger of Privateers, (3c. See Convoy.

The Spanijb Fleet, fent againft England, by 'Philip II. confiited of rooo Veffels. In the Eaft there have been Fleets feen of 3000 Veffels.

Merchant Fleets generally take their Denomination from

Peefe, and moft kinds of Pulfe, Onions, tSc. are flatulent the Place they are bound to ; as the I'urky-Fleet, Eafi

India Fleet, Sic.

The Spaniards call fimply the Fleet, or Flota a certain Number of Veffels, belonging partly to the King, and part- ly to the Merchants, fent every learto Vera Crux, a Port of Ne-zv Spain.

The Flota confifls of the Captain, Admiral, and Tatach, or 'Pinnace, which go on the King's account ; and about fixteen Ships, from fourhundred to a thoufand Tuns, belong- ing to particular Perfons. They are all fo heavy laden both

Foods.

FLATUS, or Flatulency, a Wind gather'd in the Bowels, or other Cavity of the Body, by Indigeftion, or a grofs internal Perfpiration. It is difcuffed by warm Aro- maticks, which rarefy it enough to break away wherever Vent can be found.

It A?™r ° r F F tATTENER > > See Coining. FLATTING, or Flattening, j

FLAX, or Line, a Plant, with a flender hollow Stern,

ufually about two Foot high 5 whofe Bark confifts of Fibres, going and coming, that they have much a-do to defend or Threads, much like thofe of Hemp, which being drefs'd themfelves when attack'd. The Fleet puts out from Cadix

and work'd in a due manner, makes that noble Commo- dity, Linen Cloth, See Linen.

Flax thrives beft in a Soil that has long Iain fallow.

To bear Flax, it mull be well plowed, laid flat and even, and the Seed fown in a warm Seafon, about the Middle of Match, or Beginning of April. The befl: Seed is that brought from the Eaft; which, though dear, repays the Charges with Abundance. One Sowing will produce two or three Crops, before it need be renewed.

Flax pulla up in the Bloom, proves whiter and flrongcr, than if left ftanding till the Seed is ripe ; but then the Seed is loft.

The Preparations Flax rauft undergo, to fit it for Spin- ning, are ^Pulling, ^Drying, and Swingling. Sec Hemp.

The Seed of Flax has feveral conliaerable Properties,

about the Month of Augvfl, and makes it eighteen or twenty Months, before its return. See Flota.

The Fleet fent annually from the fame Port to <Pe ru 7 they call the Gallions. See Gallion.

When the two Fleets put out together, they go in Com- pany as far as the Antilles, where they leparate; thsGal- lions for Carthagena, and \Porto Scllo ; and the Flota for Vera Crux : At their Return they join in the Havana.

Of the two Fleets the Gallions are the moft richly laden ; not but the Cargo of the Flota is very considerable. See Commerce.

Fleet is alfo a famous Prifon mLondon, thus called from the River Fleet, on the Border whereof it ftands. See Prison.

To this Prifon Perfons are ufually committed for Con-

It enters the Compoiition of feveral Medicines, and yields tempt of the King and his Laws; or upon abfolute Com an Oil, by Expreffion, which has moft of the Properties of mand of the King, or lome of his Courts, particularly that

Nut-Oil; and which is frequently tiled,* in defect thereof in Painting, to burn in Lamps, &c. That drawn cold, is reputed good in divers Difeafes. See Oil.

FLEA,in Natural Hiftory. The Generation of this familiar Vermin affords fomething very curious, firft dilcover'd by Sig. "DiacinBo Cejlone.

Fleas bring forth Eggs, or Nits, which they depoiit on Animals that afford them a proper Food : Thefe Eggs be-

of Chancery ; and laftly, for Debt.

FLEG M, Flegmatick, Flegmagogue, &c. fee Phlegm, Phlegmatic, tfc.

FLEMISH, is applied to any thing belonging to FUndcrs, or the Inhabitants ox Flanders.

The Flemish Tongue is what we call Lo-zv-Z)utcb, to diftinguifh it from the German, which is called fimply "Dutch, or Higb-^Dmcb 5 whereof it is a Corruption, and a kind of

ing very round and fmooth, ufually flip ftreight down • un- Dialeci. See Dutch.

lefs detain'd by the Plies, or other "Inequalities of the The Flemifh is the Language ufed throughout all the Low

Cloaths, Hairs, £?<;. Countries. It differs from the Walloon^ which is a corrupt

Of thele Eggs are hatch d white Worms, of a mining French. See Walloon.

Pearl Colour, which feed on the fcurfy Subftance of the There are feveral Flemiflo Tranflations of the Bible. In

Cuticle, the downy Matter gather'd in the Plies of Cloaths, the Year rtf 18. it was decreed by the Synod of 2>ort, that a

or other the like Excrement. new fflemijb Verfion mould be made of the whole Scripture ;

In a fortnight they come to a tolerable Size, and are very by reafon the old Tranflation which had been taken from that

lively and active; and if at any time difturbed, fuddenly of Luther, was full of Faults. Accordingly, feveral Perfons,

roll themfclves into a kind of Ball. learn'd in the Greek and Hebrew Languages, undertook the

Soon after they come to creep, after the manner of the Work 5 which was publifh'd with Notes in 1637. This Bible

Silkworms, that have no Legs, with a very fwift Motion When arrived at their Size, they hide themfelves as much as poflible, and fpin a fllkcn Thread out of their Mouth, wherewith they form themfelves a fmall round Bag. -

is highly valued by the Reform'd in Holland, See though M. Simon cenfures it as far from the Perfection of a juft Tranflation. See Bible.

Flemish Bricks, a neat, ftrong kind of Brick, of yel-

Cafe, white within, as Paper, but without always dirty, and lowifh Colour, brought from Flanders^ and much ufed for

foul'd with Duft. paving. See Brick.

Here, after a fortnight's Sleep, he burfts out, transfbrm'd FLESH, Caro, in Anatomy, a fimilar, fibrous Part of

into a perfect Flea$ leaving its Exuvia in the Bag. While an animal Body, foft, thick, and bloody 5 being that whereof

it remains in the Bag, it is milk white ; till the fecond Day moft of the other Parts are compofed, and whereby they are

before its Eruption, when it becomes colour'd, grows hard, connected together. See Body.

and gets Strength; fo that upon its firft Delivery it fprings nimbly away. 'Pbilofopb.TranfaB. N° 24.

FLEA-BITTEN Colour of a Horfc is white fpotted all over with dark reddifh Spots.

FLEAM, is a Surgeon's Inftrument to lance the Gums 5 or a Farrier's Tool to let a Horfe blood. See Lancet.

FLEDWITE, or Flicht-wite, in our antient Laws, a Difcharge or Freedom from Amerciaments, when one, hav- ing been an outlaw'd Fugitive, comes to the Peaceof our Lord the King, on his own accord, or with Licence. Rajfal.

Others rather take it to denote a Mulct, or Fine, fet upon a Fugitive to be reftorcd to the Kind's Peace.

The Antients made five different kinds of Flejh : The firft Mufculous, Fibrous, or Fiflular ; as the Subftance oi the Heart, and other Mufcles. See Muscle, Fibre, &c. The fecond, 'Parenchymous, as that of the Lungs, Liver and Spleen. See Parenchyma, Spleen, 5#C The third, Vif- cerous, as the Flejh of the Stomach and Inteftines. See In- testines. The fourth, Glandulons, as that of the Breafts, Panchreas, Tonfils, &c. Sec Breast, Panchreas, JSc. And the fifth, Spurious ; as that of the Gums, Glans of the Penis, the Lips, &c. See Glans, &c.

The Moderns only admit of one kind of Fleft, viz-. That of the Mufcles, confiftmg of little Tubes, or Veffels with

FLEECE, the covering of Wool'morn off the Bodies of Blood therein. See Caro ; fo that the flefty and mufcular

Sheep. See Wool. Parts of the Body with them are the fame thing. See Muscle.

The Golden Fleece is famous among the antient Writ- Sometimes, however, they .ipply that Term to the Glands ;

ers. 'Twas this that the Argonauts under the Command which they call, by way of Diitinction, Ghnslulcus Flejh.

See Gland.


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