Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/771

 FEV

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FEV

w en, affigns Sudorificks the fecond. Spirit of Sal Ammo- niack, or its Sal Volatile, he obferves is an univerfal Fe- brifuge, and rarely fails : All fugar'd Things are hurtful.

Hipp vcrates, in all Fevers, prefcribes Wine. Dr. Han- cock, Water. See Febrifuge.

So long as the Urine remains crude, that is, does not give a Sediment, the Patient's Cafe is very dubious : But w hen once the Coition commences, and the Urine feparates, the great Danger is over.

Among the Signs of Death, the fame Author adds, there is none more certain, than a frequent blowing of the Nofe, without any Difcharge of Matter. A flrong, equable Pulfe, with Dcliria, Tremors, Twitches of the Tendons, and other Symptoms, fatal in Difcafes of the nervous kind, always prefage well in Fevers : On the contrary, a quick, weak, faltering Pulfe, howfoevcr favourable the other Symptons jnay feem, infallibly proclaim Death at the Door. Morton. It appears, by Obfervation, that a frequent letting of Blood, renders Perfons more inclinable to Fevers.

There are various Kinds of Fevers, denominated and diftinguim'd from the particular Caufe that produce them; the Time they continue; their Acceffes, or Returns; and their feveral Symptoms.

The molt general and genuine Divifion of Fevers, is in- to Effintial, and Symptomatick.

An Essential Fever, is thatwhofe primary Caufe is in the Blood it felf; and which does not arife as an Effect, or Symptom from any other Difeafe in the Solids, or other Parts. This is, what we abfolutely and properly call a Fever.

A Symptomatick Fever is that which arifes as an Acci- dent, or Symptom of fome other antecedent Diforder, as an Inflammation, 'Phlegmon, Eryfipelas, Impoftume,{mM 'Fox, Pleurify, Sec. Whence it is peculiarly denominated In- flammatory, Eryjipelatous, Purulent, &c.

Effential Fevers are generally diftinguifhed into Conti- nued and Intermitting. Others chufe to divide them into Diary, Intermitting, Continent, and Continued.

A Continued Fever is that which gives the Patient no Refpite, or Intermiffion; but flicks to him from its firit Seizure, to its final Period. This is fubdivided into 'Pu- trid, and not putrid.

A Continued Fever not putrid, is that wherein the Parts of the Blood are not fo diffolved and broke, as to give Room and Occafion for the principal Parts thereof to be fe- creted : Or that, wherein there is not any Difcharge of putrid, purulent Matter into the Blood. Of this there are two Kinds, the Diary, and Synocbus; to which fome add the Heblick.

A Diary Fever is that, which does not ordinarily hold beyond 24. Hours. 'Tis alfo called Ephemera, from the Greek <'<f''-», Day. It is the gentleft of all Fevers : Is fre- quently got by too much Exercife, or other external Ac- cident. It is cured by Reft alone, and keeping a-bed: If it remain for feveral Days, it is either called a continued Ephemera, or Simple Synoehns.

A Hetlick Fever is a flow, durable Fever, which exte- nuates and emaciates the Body by infenfible degrees. It is thus called from the Greek %in. Habitude, as being diffi- cult to get rid off.

It has three Stages; the firff, while it confumes the Juices of the Body: The fecond, when it exhauftsthe flefliySub- ftancc of its Humidity : And the third, when it lays hold of, and deflroys the Solids themfelves : In which lafl Stage it is reputed incurable. Its Effect is fomewhat like that of a Flame; firft confuming the Oil of the Lamp; then the Moifture of the Wick; and laftly the Wick it felf. But this Fever is frequently confider'd as of the Symptomatick, or fecundary kind, arifing in Phthifes, Sic. See Hectick Fever.

A 'Putrid, or continued Putrid Fever, is that wherein the Texture of the Blood is render'd lb lax, or even dif- folv'd, that its Parts or Principles feperating, fome of the principal are fecreted, and loft. See Blood.

Or Putrid Fevers are frequently confider'd as fecundary ones, arifing from the Difcharge of putrid, purulent Mat- ter from fome morbid Part, as an Ulcer in the Lungs, ej?f. Putrid Fevers are divided into Simple, and Compound or Remitting.

A Simple continued putrid Fever, or a Continued Fever, properly fo called, by the Greeks called 2iwo%©-, is that which continues uniformly, from firfl to laft, without any Fits or Periods of Exafperation and Remifllon of Heat, and the other Symptoms.

Willis divides the Putrid Fever into four Stadia, or Stages. The 'Beginning, which is attended with a Chill- nefs, Shivering, Wearincfs, Thirft, Wakefulnefs, Pain in the Head and'Loins, Naufea, and Vomiting : The Increafe, w j" c! n the former Symptoms are heighten'd, with the Addition of Deliria, convulfive Motions, Foulncfs of the Mouth, high turbid Urine, without any laudable Sedi- ment, or Hypoihfis; the State, which contains the Crifis,

which in this Difeafe is much what the Paroxyfm is in In- termitters : For as that returns at certain Hours, fo do the critical Motions in continued Fevers happen on the fourth, fifth, fixth, or feventh Day. See Crisis. The iaft Stage is the Declenfion, which ends either in Recovery, or Death.

Thefe Fevers are divided into Burning, and Slow.

Ardent, or Burning Fever, called by the Greeks y.&vg@~, is a very acute Fever, attended with a vehement Heat, in- tolerable Thirft, a dry Cough, Delirium, and other violent Symptoms.

It frequently kills on the third, and fourth Day; rarely exceeds the feventh.

It often goes off in a Hemorrhage, on the third, or fourth: Day; which, if it prove too fparing, is deadly. Sometimes it goes by Stool, Vomiting, tjfe. and fometimes ends in a Peripneumony.

To the Clais of Burning Fevers ure reducible, the Li- feria, dflbdes, Elodcs, &c.

The Fever Liperia is a burning Fever, wherein the Heat is very intenle within fide, and at the fame time the ex- ternal Parts cold.

The Jlflbdes is a burning Fever, attended with great In- quietudes, Naufeas, Vomitings, (gc.

The Elodes is a Fever, wherein the Patient fweats con- tinually.

The Syncopal Fever is that attended with frequent Swoonings.

The Epeal Fever is that wherein both Heat and Cold are felt in the fame Part at the fame Time.

Slolv Fevers are gentle, but durable ones, which coniurrie the Patients by degrees.

They ufually arife from Diforders in the Lympha, or Pituita; whence Sylvius calls them Lymphatick Fevers.

The principal of thefe are the Catarrhal, attended with a Catarrh, Cough, Hoarfenefs, $$c. And the Scorbutick Fe- ver, into which acute Fevers, and fometimes Intermitters degenerate. To this Clafs are reducible,-

Colliquative Fevers, wherein the whole Body is confumed and emaciated in no long Time; the folid Parts, with the Fat, ££c. melted down, and carried off by a Diarrhxa, Sweat, Urine, ££c. See Colliquation.

A Remitting Fever, called alfo a Continent, ^.uuiyj);, and a compound continued Fever, is that which continues fome Time, without any gradual Increafe of Heat; yet is liable to alternate Fits of Remifllon and Aggravation; either ftated and periodica], or irregular.

Of this there are divers Kinds, denominated from the Periods of returning; as the Remitting, Continued, Qttoti- dian, the Continued 'tertian, Continued §>tiartan, &c. which are only a continued Fever, whofe Acceffes or feverer Fits return every Day, or any other Day; or every third Day; or every fourth Day.

Some enumerate divers other more complicated conti- nued Fevers; as the double or triple, Qiiotidian, which has two or three Paroxyfms every Day : Double, or triple ter- ian, or Quartan, which have two or three every third or fourth Day : The Semi-tertian, by the Greeks called ifc/7<y- tox©-, which confifts of a Continued, and two intermitting Fevers of different Kinds, viz. a Quotidian, and Tertian. The Patient, befide a Continued Fever, has an extraordinary Fit every Day; and every other Day two.

Others divide the Remitting, XwSyjx, Continent, or Com- pound Continued Fever, into Simple, and Spurious.

The Simple Remitter returns regularly, and is only di- ftinguifh'd from an Intermitter, in that the feverifh Heat in the Intervals of this latter is never quite extinguifti'd; and that the Paroxyfms don't begin with fo much Chillnefs and Horror; and go off in profufe Sweats.

The Spurious Remitter is attended with grievous Symp- toms in the nervous Kind, refembling thofe of the Rheu- matifm, Colick, Pleurify, and other inflammatory and fpaf- modick Difeafes; befide immoderate Excretions, Vomi- tings, Diarrhaias, £?c. Whence its Returns are uncertain, and variable.

The Simple rarely, if ever, kills; the Spurious, frequent- ly. Sometimes it degenerates into a malignant 2iwox©-.

The firfl is cured with the Cortex Peruv. almoft as infal- libly an Intermitter; the febrile Ferment being much the fame in both : And the fame Medicine is found almoft a fure, tho' not fo fpeedy a Remedy of the Spurious, if pro- perly applied.

An Intermitting Fever, otjgtte, is that which ceafes, and returns again alternately, at ftated Periods.

In this kind, Cold, and Heat, Shivering, and Sweating fucceed each other.

The Paroxyfms are attended with Sicknefs, Naufea's, Vomitings, Hcadach, Pain in the Back and Loins, '&e. The Paroxyfms are acute, but the Difeafe ufually mote or lefs chronical.

No body was ever killed of an intermitting Fever, ex- cept in the iirft Stage of the Paroxyfm, during the Shiver-
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