Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/737

 EXP

[ 371 ]

EXT

5°. The Paffions are all reducible to Joy and Sadnefs; each of which is either fimpie, or mix'd and paffionate.

6°. Simple Joy caufes a Dilatation of all the Parts: The Eye-brows rile in the middle, the Eyes half open, and fmiling, the Pupil fparkling and moift, the Noftrils a little open, the Cheeks full, the Corners of the Mouth drawn a little upwards, the Lips red, the Complexion lively, the Forehead ferene.

7°. Paflionare Joy proceeding from Love, fhews the Fore- head fmooth and even, the Eye-brows a little elevated on the Side the Pupil is turn'd to, the Eyes fparkling and open, the Head inclined towards the Object, the Air of the Face fmiling, and the Complexion ruddy: — That pro- ceeding from Defire, ihews it felf by the Body, the Arms extended towards the Object, in uncertain and unquiet Motions.

8°. Simple Sadnefs, is Exprefs'd by the Body being call down, the Head carelefly hanging afide, the Fore- head wrinkled, the Eye-brows rais'd to the midft of the Fore-head, the Eyes half /hut, the Mouth a little open, the Corners downwards, the under-Lip pointing and drawn back, the Noftrils fwell'd, and drawn downwards. — That mix'd with Fear, caufes the Parts to contract and palpi- tate, the Members to tremble and fold up, the Vifage to be pale and livid, the Point of the Noftrils elevated, the Pupil in the middle of the Eye, the Mouth openeft at the Sides, and the under-Lip drawn back. — In that mix'd with Jlnger, the Motions are more violent, the Parts all agitated, the Mufcles fwell'd, the Pupil wild and fpark- ling, the Point of the Eye-brows fix'd towards the Nofe, the Noftrils open, the Lips big and'prefs'd down, the Corners of the Mouth a little open and foaming,- the Veins fwell'd, and the Hair erect.— That with Sjejpair, refem- bles the laft, only more exceffive and diforder'd.

9°. The Hand has a great Share in the Exprejfion of our Sentiments and Paffions: The railing of the' Hands conjoyn'd — towards Heaven, exprcjfes Devotion : Wringing the Hands, Grief : Throwing them towards Heaven^ Admiration: Fainting, and dejected Hands, Amazement andDefpair: Holding the Hands, Idlenefs : Holding the lingers indented, mufing: Holding forth the Hand's to- gether, Yielding and Submiffion : Lifting up the Hand and Eye to Heaven, calling God to Witnefs : Waving the Hand from us, Prohibition : Extending the right Hand to any one, Pity, Peace, and Safety : Scratching the Head, Thoughtfulnefs and Gate : Laying the Hand on the Heart, folcmn Affirmation: Holdmg up the Thumb, Approbation.- Laying the Fore-finger on the Mouth, bid- ding Silence: Giving with the Finger and Thumb, farce dare : And the Fore-finger put forth, the reft contrafted, Monftrari £? dicier hie eft.

jo. The Sex of the Figure to be regarded ; and Man, as he is of a more vigorous and refolute Nature, to ap- pear in all his Actions freer and bolder than Women, who are to be more referved and tender.

11. So alfo the^ge, the different Stages whereof incline to different Motions both of Body and Mind. '

12. The Condition, or Honours, a Perfon is invefted withal, renders their Actions more referved, and their Motions more grave ; contrary to the Populace, who ob- ferve little Condufl orReftraint; giving thcmfelves, for the moft part, up to their Paffions ; whence their external Motions become rude and diforderly.

Laftly, in Spirits we muft retrench all thofe corruptible Things, which ferve only for the Prefervation of Life, as Veins, Arteries, &c. only retaining what may ferve for the Form and Beauty of the Eody. — In Angels, particularly, as being fymbolical Figures, we are to mark out their Offices and Virtues, without any Draught of fenfual Paf- fions ; only appropriating their Characters to their Functions of Power, Activity, and Contemplation.

EXPULSION, the Aft of driving a Man by Force out of a City, Community, or the like.

Milton is upbraided by one of his Antagonifts, Arch- bifhop Sramhall, with his Expulfion from the Univerfity of Oxford ; but he /hews it a groundlefs Suggeftion. — Mr. ...... was expell'd from Cambridge, on ' Sufpicion of

Herefy. — Explilfwn out of Parliament, SSV.

Expulsion, is alfo ufed in Medicine, for the Act of driving a Thing out with Violence, from the Place it was in.

The Uterus has the chief Office in the Expulfion of the Fcetlis : If the Expulfion of the Fcetus happen within feven Days after Conception, 'tis call'd a falfe Birth. See Foetus, Delivery, %5c.

EXPURGATION, in Autonomy, is ufed by fome Authors, for the State or Aflion of the Sun; wherein, after having been Eclipfed and hid by the Interpofition of the Moon, it begins to appear again : But the later Aftronomers do ail. call this, Emerfiou, not Expurgation. Sec Emersion.

EXSICCATION, in Clvymiftry, E5V. the A3 of drying r evaporating the Moifture of a Thinn. Sn,-R».»™«°.

or evaporating

of a Thing. See Evapora-

The Word is Latin, form'd of ex an( J r lc m d

EXSUDATION, the Aft of fweating out - in which manner Gums, Balfams, C(. are produced from Trees. See Gum and Balm.'

EXTANT, fomething ftill fubfifting, or in beino.

'Tis but part of the Hiftory of Livy, of the°Writinos of Cicero, Ctefar, &c. that are Extant ; the reft are loft. We have nothing Extant of Socrates ; tho' Ire wrote a great deal.

EXTAST, a Rapture, or Removal of the Mind out of its natural State and Situation: Or, a Tranfport, whereby a Perfon is hurried out of himfelf, and the Office of his Senfes fufpended.

In Ecclefiaftical Hiftory, we read of divers Monkilh Saints being in Extafies for feveral Days fucceffively. — St. 'Paul's being taken up into the Third Heaven, was what we call an Extafy.

Extasy, in Medicine, is a Difeafe much like a Catalepfy, only differing in this, that the Cataleptic Patient has no Perception ot what pafl'es in his Paroxyfm, nor any Re- membrance thereof when 'tis over ; whereas the Extatic is taken up with a very lively Idea, or Imagination, which he remembers afterwards.

In an Extafy, there muft be an unufual Tenfion of the Fibres of the Senfory, as in moft Deliriums, c2V. See Phrenzy, Mania, Melancholic, &c.

EXTENDING, in a Legal Senfe, fignifies the valuing of Lands and Tenements, of one bound by Statute, &c. and who hath forfeited his Bond, to fuch an indifferent Rate, as that by the Yearly Rent, the Obligator may, in Time, be fully paid his Debt. See Extent.

EXTENSION, in Phyficks, that whereby a Thing is conftituted long, broad, or deep, &c. See Body.

Extenfwu is ufually defcribed, as confifting in the Si- tuation of Parts, beyond Parts; which fome Authors cavil witha), as holding that we can conceive abfolute Extenjion, without thinking of any Relation of Parts.

If a Man confider the Diftance between two Bodies, abftractedly, and without having Regard to the Bodies that fill that Interval, it is call'd Space: And when he eonfiders the Diftance between the Extremes of a iblid Body, it is call'd Extenjion. See Space.

Extenjion is frequently confounded with Quantity and Magnitude; and, for what we can perceive, without much Harm -. The Thing fignified by them all appear- ing to be the fame. Unlefs we admit a Diftincrion made by fome Authors, that the Extenjion of a Body is fome- thing more abfolute; and its Quantity and Magnitude mere refpeaive, or implying a nearer Relation to much, and little. See Quantity, Magnitude, Bulk, Sic.

EXTENSOR, in Anatomy, a Name common to divers Mufcles, ferving to extend, or ftretch out the Parts; and particularly the Hands and Feet : Such are the

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris, call'd alfo Cubit/ens interims, a Mufclc, which coming from the internal Protuberance of the Humerus, and paffing tendinous under the Liga- mentum Annulare, is inferred into the upper Part of the Bone Metacarpium, which anfwers ro the little Finger. This, and the Ulnaris flexor, moving together, draw °he Hand fide-wile towards the Ulna.

Extensor Carpi Radialis, call'd alfo Radians Extsr- nus, and incornis, is really two diu-inct Mufcles. The firft: arifes from above the external Protuberance of the Hume- rus; and thefecond from the lowermoft Part of the exter- nal Protuberance. They both lie along the external Part of the Radius, and paffing under the annular Lioament, one is inferred into the Bone of the Metacarpus, that fuftains the Fore-finger; and the other to that 'which fuftains the Middle-finger. Thefe two extend the Wrift.

Extensor communis digitorum /nanus, arifes from the external protuberance of the Humerus, and at the Wrift divides into three flat Tendons, which pafs under the annular Ligament, to be inferred into all the Bones of the Fore, Middle, and Ring-finger.

Extensor primi intemodii pollicis, arifes from the upper and external Part of the Ulna, and paffing obliquely over the Tendon of the Radius extemus, is inferted near the fecond Joint of the Thumb.

Extensor fecundi intemodii pollicis, arifes from the upper and internal Part of the Radius, and is inferted into the upper Part of the fecond Bone of the Thumb.

Extensor tertii intemodii pollicis, arifes from the Ulna, a little below the firft Extenfor, and is inferted into the third Bone of the Thumb.

Extensor indicis, comes from the middle and external Part of the Ulna, and palling under the annular Liaamenr, is inferted into the third Bone of the Forefinger where it joins the Extenfor Communis.

Extes-