Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/728

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EXE

have given Security to obey the Authority of the Church, are commanded to be fought for, and laid up again.

EXCORIATION, the Aft of rating, or tearing off the Skin from any Part of the Body.— He had a grievous Ex- coriation behind, with riding Poft. — We alfo fay, an Excoriation in the Throat, (Sc. when the Membrane that covers, or lines it, is tore by the Acrimony of a Humour, a Medicine, or the like ; which is ordinarily the Cafe in what we call a fore Throat.

The Word is Latin, Excoriatio, form'd of ex and corium, Skin, Leather, (3c.

EXCORTICATION, the Gripping off the Cortex, or Bark, from any Thing ; call'd alfo Decortication. See Barf, and Decortication.

EXCREMENT, what is evacuated, or excreted, out of the Body of an Animal, after Digeflion ; being what in other Refpecfs is fuperfluous and prejudicial thereto. See Excretion.

Chauvin defines Excrement, to be all that Matter taken in by way of Food, which cannot be affrmilated ; and which, ot Confequence, not growing or adhering to the Body, wanders about thro' the laxer, and more patent Parts thereof, till it be ejected.

The Urine and Fasces or fecal Matter, are the great Excrements, expell'd from the Bladder and the Inteftines, by Stool, (Sc. See Urine, Fecal Matter, &c.

The Matter of infenfible Perfpiration is alfo an Excre- ment, and a more considerable one than either of the others. See Perspiration.

Among Excrements, are likewife ordinarily rank'd, divers Humours and Matters, feparated from the Blood by the feveral Strainers, or Emunclorics of the Body, tho' far from being ufelefs ; and ferving divers valuable Purpofes of the OEconomy. Such are Cerumen, or Ear-wax ; the Mucus of the Nofe; Lachrymte, or Tears; Saliva, Bile, Lympha, Menfes, Lochia, (3c. See Cerumen, Mucus, Tears, Sa- liva, Bile, Menses, (3c.

Some hold Ambergreafe an Excrement of the Whale; others, an Excrement of the Sea. See AmbergreAse.

All Foods have two Parts, the one Nutritious, the other Excrementitious. See Food.

Excrement, is alfo attributed, by way of Analogy, to Plants.

Thus Gums, divers Juices, Balms, (3c. iffuing fponta- neoufly from their refpeclive Trees, are fometimes call'd Excrements. See Gum, (3c.

EXCRESCENCE, in Chirurgery, a fuperfluous, or unncceffary Piece of Flefh, or orher Matter, growing on certain Parts of the Bodies of Animals, contrary to, or beyond the ordinary Structure and Difpofition of Nature.

Such are Wens, Warts, Sc. Such alfo are the Woman's Horns now /hewn in London ; a parallel Cafe to which, fee in the Philofoph. Tranfad. N°. 257.

Natural, or cuilomary Excrefcences, as thofe of Bones, &c. are call'd by Phyficians Apophyfes. See Apo- physis.

The Word is form'd of the Latin, ex, and crefco, I grow ; q. d. fomething that grows from, or out of another.

EXCRETION, in Medicine, the A3 whereby Nature expels, or ejects out of the Body, fome Humour that is ufelefs, or even hurtful thereto. See Excrement.

Moil Crifes are effected by Excretion ; as Fluxes of Blood, and Urine, Sweats, Vomitings, Loofeneffes, (3c. See Elux, (£c.

The Word is form'd of the Latin, excenere, to excern, feparate.

EXCRETORY, in Anatomy, a Term applied to certain little Duels, or Veffels, making Part of the Struclure, or Compofition of Glands. See Gland.

The Excretory DuSs are the Tubes thro' which the Humours feparated in the feveral Glands, are emitted, or difcharged out of the Gland, into fome convenient Recep- tacle, or Emunclory. See Secretion and Emunctory.

A capillary Artery, to which a capillary Vein is joyn'd ; with an Excretory Duel, convolved, or wound together, make up the Body of the Glands, the Organs of Secretion. The Excretory Du3s fprbg from the Extremities of the Arteries and Veins, and carry off a Liquor feparated from the Blood. •Drake.

The Lymphatick Glands, have either Lymphajdufls, for their Excretory Duffs, or Ladeal Veffels, as in the Me- fentery. Id.

TheMufcles of thofe two Bones being contracted, they comprefs the Bag, and fqueeze out the Liquor thro' two Excretory Duels, terminating in the two Gums of the great Teeth of the Viper. Lemery.

EXCURSION, inAflronomy. See Elongation. _ Circles of Excursion, are Circles parallel to the Eclip- tic, at fuch Diftance from it, as is capable of bounding, or comprehending the greateft Digreffions, or Excursions,

of the Planets from the fame ; which is commonly fix'd at io Degrees. See Circle.

EXEAT, in Church Difcipline, a pure Lathi Term ufed for a Permifiion, which a Bifhop grants a Prieft to go out of his Diocefe ; ot an Abbot, to a Religious to go out of his Monaftery.

The Word is alfo ufed in feveral Great Schools, for Leave given a Scholar, or Student, to go out. His Matter has given him an Exeat.

EXECUTION, the Act of Executing^ i. e. of acconi- plilbing, finifhing, or atchieving any Thing, to be done.

The Execution of a Teftament ; of a Law ; of a Treaty; of a Building, (3c.

The Term is particularly ufed in the French Mufic, for the Manner of Singing, or 'Performance : As to the Manner of Singing, call'd in France, Execution j no Nation may, with any Probability, difpute it with the French. If the French, by their Commerce with the Italians, have gain'd a bolder Compofition ; the Italians have made their Advantage of the French, in learning of them a more polite, moving, and exquifite Execution. St. Evremond.

Execution, in common Law, fignifies the laft Per- formance of an Acl : As of a Fine, of a Judgment, &c.

That of a Fine, is the obtaining of aclual Poffcflion of Things contained in the fame by virtue thereof; which is either by Entry into the Lands, or by Writ. See F^ne and Possession.

There are two Sorts of Executions, one final, another with a ghi.oufque, as only tending to an End.

An Execution filial, is that which maketh Money of the Defendant's Goods, or extendeth his I.ands, and delivers them to the Plaintiff; for this the Party accepteth in Sarisfaclion : and this is the End of the Suit, and all that the King's Writ commandeth to be done.

The other Sort, with a Sglioufque, is that which only tends to an End ; and is not final, as in the Cafe of a Capias ut Satisfaciendum, &c.

This is not final, but the Body of the Party is to be taken, to the Intent and Purpofc to fatisfie the Plaintiff; and his Imprifonment is not abfolute, but till he doth fatisfie: fo that the Body is but a Pledge for the Debt.

Military Execution, is the Pillage, or plundering of a Counrry by the Enemies Army. — The Towns and Villages of the Province were" required "to pay Contribution, on Penalty of Military Execution. See Contribution.

EXECUTIONE facienda, a Writ commanding Execu- tion of a Judgment. Execntione facienda in Wither-

namium, lies for taking his Cattle, who had formerly convey'd out of the County the Cattle of another.

EXECUTOR, a Perfon nominated by a Teftator, to take Care to fee his Will, or Teitamenr, Executed or perform- ed; and his Subilance difpofed of according to the Tenor of the Will. See Testament.

An Executor is either univerfal, as having the Charge and Difpofal of the whole ; or, only particular, entrufted with fome particular Branch thereof.

An Executor fhould be feiz'd of all ihe Moveables of the deceas'd during one Year; at the End whereof he is to account for them. To the Validity of a Teftament, 'tis not neceflary there be an Executor nominated therein. The Teftaments made in Latin in the XI V th Century, call Executors, Provifores Teftamentarit.

Executor de fon tort, or, of his own Wrong, is he who takes on him the Office of an Executor by Intru- fion, not being conftituted thereto by the Teftator, or deceafed, nor authorized by the Ordinary to adminifter. How far he fhall be accountable to the Creditor, fee Stat. 43 Eliz.

EXECUTORY, that which has, or carries with it a fufficient Authority for being executed. — A Contrail is only Executory, when it is in Form, and feal'd. The Great Seal of England is Executory throughout the whole Ifland. See Seal.

EXEDRJ5, among the Ancients, were Places wherein the Philofophers, Sophiffs, Rhetors, (3c. ufed to hold their Conferences and Difputes.

M. Perrault is of Opinion, they were a Sort of little Academies, where the Men of Learning met together.

Sudeus rather thinks, that what the Ancients call'd Exedrie, might anfwer to what we call Chapters in the Cloifters of Monks, or Collegiate Churches.

The Word is pure Greek, et;iS'e$.

EXEGESIS, a Term fometimes ufed by the Learned, to fignifie Explication.

Several Interpreters of the Bible are of Opinion, that in three Paffages of Scripture, where we meet with Abba Pater, two Words the firlt Syriac, and the fecond Greek or Latin, but both fignifying the fame Thing; the fecond is only an Exegejis of the firlt. ,