Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/726

 EXC

I 3*° ]

EXC

leges, Wages, Perquifites, Power, and Jurifdiaionj the Re- venues of the Crown, both in Money, Grain, and CatteL

Here we find, that for One Shitting, as much Bread might be bought, as would ferve a hundred Men a whole Day; that the Price of a fit Bullock was only Twelve Shillings; and a Sheep, Four, £?c. Larrey, P. i. p. 3H* See alfo DoomsdAy-Sco*:.

EXCISE, a Duty, or Imposition, charged on Beer Ale, Cyder, and other Liquors made for Sale, within the King- dom of England, Wales, and Town of Berwick upon %weed. See Duty.

The Dutv of Excife, was firft granted to King Charles II. by Act of Parliament, in the Year 1660 $ during the Lite of that Prince: It has been fince continued and augment- ed by divers Parliaments, under the feveral fucceeding Princes, and extended to Scotland. — This Duty, as it now {lands, on ftrong Beer and Ale, is at the Rate of 45. and $d. per Barrel; and upon fmall Beer is. 6d.

Now, Brewers being allow'd for Leekage of Beer, 3 Barrels in 23 - and of Ale, 2 in 22; the neat Excife of a Barrel of ftrong' Beer amounts to 45. id. and 2 A } ; of a Barrel of Ale, 4-s. 3d. 3?; and of a Barrel of fmall Beer, is. id. iq. ff.

The Excife is one of the moft considerable Branches of the King's Revenue. — It was formerly farmed out: But is now managed for the King by Seven Commiffioners, who fit in the General Excife Office, receive the whole Product of the Excife of Beer, Ale, and other Liquors, and Malt, collected all over England, and pay it into the Exchequer. See Exchequer.

Their Salary is 800/. fer Annum each, and they are obliged by Oath, to take no Fee, or Reward, but from the King only. From the Commiffioners of Excife there lies an Appeal to Five others, call'd Commiffioners of Appeals. See Commissioner.

The Number of Officers imploy'd in this Branch of the Revenue, is very great. Befide the Commiflioners above- mentioned;, and their fubordinate Officers, as Regifters, Meflengers, fifo There is an Auditor of the Excife, with Lis Clerks, &c. A Comptroller with his Clerks: A Re- gifier; Secretary $ Sollicitor, Cajhier, teller; Clerk of Securities ; Hovfe-Keeper 5 tDoor-Keeper ; an Armw/t ant for the Impreji Money ; General Ganger ; General Accomptants, with their Affift ants ; Meffengers ; a Clerk for Stationary Wares ; Examiners-^ Clerks for Super- vifors ^Diaries -j Acc'omptants, Examiners, &c. for the London Diftillery, Vinegar, Cyder, &c. Examiners for Malt; General and other Surveyors of the -London Brew- ery ; with AJJifbantS, and other Officers, to the Number of an hundred : General and other Surveyors of the London ^Diftillery, with other Officers, to the Number of 40 ; a ColleBor, and Surveyor, of imported Liquors ; with a Land Surveyor at the Cuftom-Houfe, £5V.

The Yearly Salaries of all the Officers in the Excife Office, as computed by Mr. Chamberlayne, amounts to 33550/.

Befide which, there are in the Country fifty Collectors^ and one hundred and fifty Supervifors, with a great Number of inferiour Officers, call'd Gangers, or Excife- men-j which may make the Number of Perfons imploy'd in this Revenue about 2000. ,

The Excife on Beer, A le, and other excifeable Liquors, even during a Time of War, is computed to amount to 1100000/. per Annum, and is collected from above 30000 People.

The Duty on Malt, with the additional Duty on Cyder, &c. amount to betwixt 6 and 7 hundred thoufand Pound per Annum ; and are collected from more Hands than the former.

And yet the whole Charge of the managing all thefe Duties, does not amount to Twenty Pence per Pound ; which, confidering every Thing, is efteem'd an Exactnefs and Frugality, not to be parallel'd in any Revenue levied in any other Country.

The Rates, with the neat Produce of the feveral Impo-

fitions of Excife, are as follow : i°. A Duty of %s. 6d. per Barrel, -whereof} L. j$d. per Barrel during his Majefty's Life;f and the other 15^. hereditary; appropriated^. £5^8 3 7 to the Civil Government, after a Deduction off 3700/. per Week for Annuities. Neat Produce 3 4°. A Duty of yd. per Barrel, granted 4 TVill.lL and M. for 99 Years, commencing Jan. 1692. V charged with iz$66l. per Ann. for Annuities,>i5oiotf and 7557/. per Ann. on Survivor/hip. NeatR. Produce - - - \

3 . Another yd. per Barrel perpetual, 5 W. and* M. for Payment of 100000/. per Ann. to theC Bank, as alfo feveral Annuities on Lives. C' I 5 0o P4 Heat Produce - - - - - -*

4 . Another yd. per Barrel, for 16 Years, conti-V nued 4 Ann. from May 1 713. for 95 Years, for I paying iqoocol. per A?in. on Million Lottery | Tickets; with Annuities of 99 Years, &c. Neat ^184808 Produce 159898 ; — which, with fome addi- | tional Duties granted in a later Act may | amount to - - - - - J

5 . A Duty on Low Wines, and Spirits of the^

firft Extraction, continued to the z^th of June^ 252^7 1 7 10. Neat Produce - - ->

6°. The Excife on Ale and Beer in Scotland. is7_ farm'd at - - - J 3 3500

Total L. iootJioj.

EXCLAMATION, in Rhetoric, a Figure, wherein, by railing the Voice, and ufing an Interjection, either exprefly or underftood, we teftify an uncommon Warmth and Pai- fion of Mind ; and exprefs the Magnitude of the Thing.

Such is, O Heavens! O Earth! &c. fuch is that of Cicero againft Catiline, O Times] O Manners! This, the Senate knows, the Conful fees : And yet he lives. Lives, faid I? Nay, and comes into the Senate! — Or that for Callus, 'Proh Z)ii Immortales ! Cur inter dim in hominum fceleribus maximzs aut connivetis, ant pr<efentis frau- dis panas in diem refervatisi Oh pr<£clarum, cujtodem, ovum, ut dimity Lupum I

In Englif), the Interjections O! or Oh! Alas! or, Good God ! are generally adjoyn'd in an Exclamation. In Latin- they ufe i Hew. Eheu < Ah i Vah l ^ProSuperi! 'Pro Superum atque Hominum fide?n : Sometimes, however, the Interjection is underftood, as, Wo is me! Mifertim me I Hoccine fceculnm. See Interjection.

EXCLUSION, is that whereby a Thing is Excluded, i. e. fhut out, or fet aiide.

As, a Crown imports an Exclufion from the Papacy : He appointed a Stranger his Heir, in Exclufion of all his own Relations.

Great Efforts were made towards the Clofe of the Reign of K. Charles II. to pafs a Bill of Exclufion, for fetting afide the Duke of Tork, the Kings Brother, on Account of his being a Papift.

Exclusions, in Mathematicks, the Method of Exclu- fions, is a Way ^C fnmi n!I -,t *^* Solution nf Problems (in numcricaJ Cafes), by previoufly ejecting, or exclud- ing out f Consideration, fiich Numbers, as are of no Uft in folving the- Quetiicm ■ whereby, of con/equence, the Procefs may be regularly and judicioufly abbreviated. See Solution.

EXCLUSIVE, is fometimes ufed adjecliveiy, for the Force, or Power of Excluding .- as a Patent carries with it an Exclnfive Privilege. See Privilege.

Soveraign Princes have Exclufive Voices in the Election of Popes, c£V.

Sometimes it is alfo ufed adverbially : as Marriage is allow'd to the firft Day of Lent, Exclufive 5 i. e. Afh-M r ednefday

is not comprized in the Permiffion. He fent him all the

Gazettes, from K°. 195, to N°. 300, Exclufive ; i. e. all between thofe two Numbers, which themfelvcs were excepted.

Exclusive < Propofnio7is, are thofe wherein the predi- cate fo agrees with its Subject, as to agree with no other. See Proposition.

Thus ; Virtue alone makes Nobility : Nothing etfc ren- ders a Man truly noble.

EXCOMMUNICATION, an Anathema, or Ecclefiafti- cal Cenfure, and Punimment; whereby a Heretic is cut off from the Society of the Faithful 5 or an obftinate Sin- ner from the Communion of the Church, and the Participa- tion of the Sacraments. See Censure and Anathema.

The Power of Excommunication properly belongs to the Bifhop; but he may delegate it to any grave Prieft, with the Chancellor. See Bishop.

Every Excommunication fhould be preceded by three public Admonitions, two Days, at leaft,-diftant from each other: But this is to be underftood of Excommunica- tions impofed by the Ecclefiaftical Judge ; for thofe im- ported by the Law, are incurr'd to all Intents and Purpofea the Moment the Action is committed,

Thefe latter are call'd Excommunications by the Canon, or latte fententi<e ; And are fo very numerous, that it would be difficult, even for the beft Canonifts, to give an exact Lift of 'em: There are 50 in the Clementines 3 20 in the Bull in coma *Domini, &c.

Rebuffe on the Concordat, reckons up 60 Penalties ac- cruing upon Excommimication.

Excommunication is founded on a natural Right which 3.W Societies have, of excluding out of their Body, fuch a* violate the Laws thereof.

Excommunication is either major, or minor, i. e. greater or lefs : The firft, which is that underftood when we fay, fimply, Excommunication, feparatcs, or cuts off the De- linquent from all Communion and Fellow/hip with other

Chn-