Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/709

 ERU

[ 343 ]

ESC

hold

corcl, having Power by Charter, or Prefcripf Plea of Debt or Trefpais of above xx Sb.

There is alfo a Writ of Error for reverfing a Fine, ££c.

ERUCTATION, 'Belching, the fame as Ruftation. See

RUCTATION.

ERUDITION that of Antiquity. See Learning.

The Scaligers were Men of deep Erudition : The Writings of Mon. Launoy, a Pricft of the Oratory, arc full of Erudition.

Mr. Lock fays, 'tis of more Ufe to fill the Head with Reflections, than with Remarks of Erudition. If the Mind be not juft and right, Ignorance is better than Eru- dition, which only produces Confufion and Obfcurity : St. Evremond. M. "Balzac calls a Heap of Erudition ill— chofen, the Luggage of Antiquity.

ERUG1NOUS, or Mucinous, fome Thing partak- ing of, or like to the Ruft of Brafs, or Copper. See Rust ous drinking of fpirituous Liquors. It begins with a Fever, and jEruco. after which there is an univerfal Eruption of Puftlcs, almoft

ERUPTION, a burning forth, or Exclufion of fome- over the whole Body, much like thofe after the flinging thing before cover'd, or conceal'd. of Nettles, and fometimes riiing into Veficultf. At going

The Eruption of Tttftles in the Small-Pox, ordinarily off, they leave an intolerable Itching, and as often as fcratch'cl begins on the \th Day. See Small Pox. return again.

In the Inoculated Kind, the Eruption does not begin till Etmuller gives it as the diftinguifhing Character of an

a little Swelling of the fame- an intenfepain, and a Croud of little Puftles, which, as the Inflammation incrcafes, grow into Veficulce. See Skin.

The Difeafe fpreads it felf a-pace ; fhifting from one

Place to another, with a Fever attending it. It attacks

Learning, or Knowledge ; and chiefly the Patient all at once, and chiefly when out in the Airj

whence the Country People call it blafiing, Sideratio.

Dr. J^uincy accounts for the Eryfipelas, from a too fizy Blood, which obftructing the Capillaries, occafions Inflam- mations : Others, from a too lharp and bilious Blood, which, on Account of its great Subtilty, occafions no fen- fible Tumor; but fpreads, or diffufes it felf in Length and Breadth. Its Colour, tho' red, generally inclines towards a yellow, on Account of the Mixture of Bile; and always the more of the Bile, the more dangerous the Difeafe.

There is another Species of Eryfipelas, tho' lefs ufual than the former; molt commonly ariiing from a too copi-

the 9/7;? Day. See Inoculation.

The Eruption of Vulcano's, or Burning Mountains, is frequently the Effecf, and IfTue, of Earthquakes. See Vol- cano and Earthqjjake.

The Eruptions of Mount Etna, and Vefuvim, are ob- icrved to be fomewhat periodical : They are of two Kinds ; the one left violent, happening once in % or 3 Months, and

Eryfipelas, that when prefs'd very lightly by the Finger, there follows a white Spot, which prefentiy after becomes red again ; which docs not happen in an ordinary Inflam- mation, unlefs when violently prefs'd. Scorbutic People are moft fubjeft to this Difeafe.

'Tis difputed, whether Purging be gcod in the Eryfipelas: Sydenham recommends it the nex\ Day after Bleeding.

laflir.g ufually three or tour Days, without much Damage Etmuller cautions us againft 'em both ; 'and recommends

to the adjacent Country. Diaphoreticks. Dr. Friend obferves, that in the laft Stage

The other more furious, and of longer Continuance, hap- of an Eryfipelas of the Head, attended with a Coma

pemng to Mount Vefuvius about once in So Years. The laft, in 1632, was fo violent, that, by the belt of his [S. 'Teccacio's] Obfervations, it caft the Rocks three Miles into the Air. Mr. Hartop in Philofoph. Tranfact. N°. 202.

M. Oldenbourg gives us an Hiftorical Account of the feveral Eruptions of Mount Etna, recorded in Authors. The firft whereof we have any credible Account, was at the Time of the Expedition of J£.neas, defcribed by Virgil, JEneid. Lib. ill. The id, defcribed by Tfhacydides, was 47 6 Years before Cbriji : In the Time of Roman Confuls there were 4: Another in Ctffar's Time, fo fierce, that ZDiodorus aifures us, the Ships near the Ifland of Lipara were burnt with the extreme Heat of the Water ; Another under Caligula: Another at the Time of the Martyrdom of St. Agatha, faid to have been ftopp'd at her Inter- celTion: Another in the Year 812: Several between the Years 1160 and 1169 : Others in 1284, 1329, 1408, 1444., 1536, 1633, 1650. 'Phil, Tranfacl. N -48.

Another extraordinary Eruption happen'd in 166$, par- ticularly defcribed in the fame Tran {actions, N°. 51. It was preceeded for the Space of 18 Days, with a dark

Delirium, "&c. unlefs Catharticks will do good, the Cafe is defperate. All unctuous, aftringent, and cold Applica- tions, externally, are dangerous, and fometimes make the Eryfipelas degenerate into a Gangrene.

The Word is form'd of the Greek, epuwc, trahere, to draw ; and •mK&s i prope, by reafon it withdraws it felf towards the Skin : Whence Galen calls it the 'Eaffio Cutis*

The Eryfipelas is either fimple, or attended with an Ulcer.

ERYTHROIDES, in Anatomy, the firft of the proper Membranes that inclofe the Tefticles. See Testicle.

It is interfperfed with flemy Fibres, derived to it from the Cremafter Mu'cle, which make it appear reddifh.

And whence its Name from the Greek, spu-S^V, red, and «Jk, form.

ESCALADE, or ScAlade, afurious Attack upon a Wall, or a Rampart; carried on with Ladders, to mount by; without proceeding in Form, breaking Ground, or carrying on Works to fecure the Men. See Scalade.

ESCALOP-.STtf/A, a frequent, bearing in Coat Armour ;

thick Sky, Thunder, Lightning, and freqi

the Earth : The Place of the Eruption was 20 Miles from

the old Mouth.

The Matter here yielded, was a Stream, or River of Metals and Minerals, render'd liquid by the Fiercenefs of the Fire, and boiling up, and gulhing forth, as Water docs at the Head of lome great River; till, having run in a full Body for a Stone's Calf, or more, the Extremity thereof began to cruil and curdle, and turn'd, when cold, into hard, porous Stones, call'd Sciarri, as refembling huge Cakes of Sea- Coal, full of a fierce Fire. Thefe came rolling and tum- bling over one another, and where they met a Bank, Wall, Building, &c would fill up, and fwell over; by their Weight bearing down any common Building, and burning up

L.onc unions or t r ' J. . '. ., *? r.
 * r- rr r proper, fay our Heralds, for fuch as have diftinffiiifh d

themfelves by Naval Lxploits. Azure, three EJcalop-

S hells Or, by the Name of Mallet,

ESCAMBIO, was anciently a Licenfe granted any one for the making over a Bill of Exchange to another beyond Sea. See Exchange.

For, by Stat. 5 Rich. II. no Pcrfon might exchange, or return Money beyond Sea, without the King's Licenfe.

ESCAPE, in Law, is cither voluntary, or negligent.

Voluntary, is when one arrets another for Felony, or other Crime, and afterwards lets him go ; in which Efccipe, the Party that permits it, is by Law guilty of the Fault, committed by the Perfon w.ho Efcapes ; be it Felony, Treafon, or Trefpafs.

Negligent Efcape is, when one is arretted, and after- wards Efcapes againft his Will that arretted him ; and is not purfued by frefh Suit, and taken again, before the Party purfued hath loft Sight of him.

WardS nUO me WLV Ul Kjl'-imttU, 111 U& VjUIUIC, il n£>,-i A n mr^T n/ • n 1 3 S7\. 1 J r\ 1

whelm'd 14 Towns and Villages, 'containing three or „ ESCAR1ELE' m Heraldry, Qtmrter'd, or Quarterly.

thoufand Inhabitants. The Noife of the Eruption iK™"'^' u Ar- a our u

. T*„,„l, «,.„ heard «n Miles. ESCHAR, in Ch.rurgery, a hard Craft, or Scab, form d

on the Flefh, by means of a hot Iron, or a Cauftic Me- dicine, or fome iharp, corrofive Humour within.

The Cauftic Stone, or Lapis Infemalis, produces a round Efchar in the Place where it has burnt. SeeEscHAao-

what was combuftible. The Progrefs of this Inunda tion was at the Rate of a Furlong a Day ; which it conti- nued for 15 or 20 Days; running, at firft, into the Sea, but afterwards into the City of Catania ; in its Courfe, it overw four. at the Mouth was heard 60 Miles.

Dr. St. Clair, in the 'Philofop. "TranfaB. gives an Ac- count of a conftant Eruption of Fire, on one Side of one of the AppenineS) between "Bologna and Florence : A Spot of Ground 3 or 4 Miksin Diameter, he obferves, inceflantly

fends up "a Flam* rifing very high, without Noifc, Smoak, ^p^'*^ "^P"'™* or Smell ; tho' it gives a very great Heat. In great Rains it fometimes intermits, but re-kindles with greater Vigour and Heat. Within 3 or 4 Yards of it, he adds, there grows Corn. The Flame he conjectures to arife from a Vein of Bitumen, or Naphtha. There are three other fuch Fires on the fame Hills..

ERYSIPELAS, in Medicine, call'd alfo Sacer Ignis, and St. Anthony's Fire, a Difeafe of the Skin.

Its Seat is any Part of the Body, but principally the Face : It fliews it felf in a ruddy Inflammation of the Part, with

The Word is derived from the Greek, e Craft, or Scab. Some Authors derive it from « and &i», I him ; but this comes with fome Difficulty, by reafon ig.ia is wrote with a « ; and ig-/UF$. with a %•

ESCHAROTICKS, Medicines, which being applied ex- ternally, produce Efchan, or Scabs, by burning the Flefh. See Eschar.

Such are the Lapis Infemalis, red precipitate, iSc. thefe are alfo call'd Caufticks. See Caustic. '

The Word is derived from theGra'A >7£Jgp, See Eschar.

ESCHEAT,