Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/707

 ERE

ERECT Floiesrs, are fuch as grow uptight, without hanging or reclining the Head. See Flower. Erect Vifion. See Vision.

1 341 1

ERI

Erect

( fDireB

&c.> m " &

See Dial.

{^Declining, &c. ERECTION, the Act of raifmg, or elevating a Thing, in a right Line. See Elevation.

The EreBivg a Perpendicular on a Line given, is a popular Problem in Geometry. See Perpendicular.

The Term is alfo ufed figuratively : As, the EreBion of a Marquifate into a Dutchy 5 Bifhopricks can only he EreBed by the King. It was antienrly the Practice to ereB Statues to great Men. See Statue.

Cato, the Cenfor, being ask'd why a Statue was not EreBed him ? I had rather, fays he, hear the Queftion made, than hear it afk'd why a Statue was EreBed me. Erection, is particularly ufed in Medicine, for the State of the Penis, when fwell'd, and diftended by the Action of the Mufclcs, call'd EreBors, or EreBores. See Penis and Erector.

There is al'b an EreBion of the Clitoris, performed by Mufcles provided for that Purpofe. See Clitoris, SSc.

An Alternation of EreBion, and Flaccidity in the Penis, Dr. Drake obferves, is of abfolutc Neceffity .- The mil to the Performance of its Office ; the fecond for the Se- curity of the Part. Without an EreBion it were impot- able to emit and lodge the Seed where it ought to be ; and with a conftant one, aimed as impoffiblc to fecure the Part from external Injuries. — To fay nothing of the Lofs of Instigation, which rnuft be a neceflfary Contequence of conftant EreBion. See Priaspismus.

The EreBion of the Penis, confifts in a Distention of its Corpora Cavernofa, by an extraordinary Quantity of Blood pent up therein. See Cavernosa.

That -the Blood is the Matter which diftends the Penis in EreBion, is evident from Abundance of Experiments ; tho' the moft convincing is that of firmly tying the Penis of an Animal (as has been frequently done to a Dog) in Coitu 5 wherein, nothing has been found but Blood to diftend it. Hence, in the Bodies of Criminals, that hang long after Death, the Penis becomes erected 5 the Blood, in that Pofition, falling to the inferior Parts, and flopping there.

By blowing into the Blood Veffels after Death, the Penis becomes EreBed. This was firft difcover'd by Mr. CowpeF, upon viewing its Veins, after he had diftended 'em with Wind ; whence it plainly appear'd, that the external Trunks pafs'd, fome under its Skin only, and fome over the Ojfa pubis : Befidc, that a vafl Number of other Veins on the "Dorfum penis, unite and empty themfelves into one Trunk, call'd Vena penis, which palTcs immedi- ately under a tranfvcrfe Ligament of the Ojfa pubis, which is comprefs'd by the Approximation of the 1)orfum perns, to the Ligament of the 'Pubis. This Application of the Dorfum penis is effe led by its Mufculi 'DireBores, pulling down the Crura of the Corpora Cavemofa (Penis, which are tied up at their Juncture in the Body of the tPenis, to the Os pubis, by the Ligamentwn Sufpenforium. Uow, this cannot happen to the cavernous Body of the Urethra, by Reafon there is no Bone, whofe Pofition can give Rife to a Ligament, which can have that Effect on its Veins : Wherefore, the Mufculi Accelatores, embracing the Veins of the Bulb do that Office, tho' not fo effectu- ally as in the 'Penis it felf. i

Accordingly, the Glans is not always perfectly diftended with the 'Penh, and foonett becomes flaccid on an EreBion. See Glans.

The Blood, by fuch Means, being precluded from its Return, the Corpora Cavemofa muit ot Neceflity become diltended, if we confider their Structure above-mentioned, with Refpect to the Veins. The Arteries, which before were flaccid, have now their Trunks alfo diltended, and do more plentifully import Blood into the Corpora Cavemofa.

But fince it is abfolutely neceffary fome Part of the detain'd Blood ftiould be {till palling off, left it become grumous, and unfit for a Reflux ; the Ven<e preputii com- municate with thofe of the 'Penis it feif 5 whereby Part of the Blood may be return'd from the 'Penis during its EreBion, and give Way to a frefii Supply from the Arteries, and preferve the Circulation uninterrupted. See Circulation.

ERECTOR Clitoridis, in Anatomy, a Pair of Mufcles arifing from the Protuberances of the Jfchium, and inferted into the fpongious Bodies of the Clitoris ; which they ferve to erect in Coition. See Clitoris.

Erector 'Penis, a Pair of Mufcles arifing flefliy from the Protuberances of the Jfchhtm, below the Beginning of the cavernous Bodies of the Yard, into whofe thick Mem- branes they are inferted.

Their Ufe is to pull the Yard towards the Os fyUs* whereby its greateft Vein is comprefs'd, »and the refluent Blood denied its Paffage under thofe Bones 3 which makes it fwell. See Erection.

EREMITE. See Hermit.

ERICTHON1US, in Aftronomy, a Conflcllation the fame as Auriga. See Auriga.

ERIDANUS, in Aftronomy, a Conftellation of theSou- thern Hemifphere. See Constellation.

The Stars in the Conftellation Eridanus, in 1 } tolomv, s Catalogue are 30 ; In lycho's 19 : In Mr. Flamfieed\ 6%: The Longitudes, Latitudes, Magnitudes, XSc. whereof are as follow.

Stars in the ConfelUition Ertdanus.

Names and Situation! of " Longit

the Stars.

Firft from the Turn of the River to V 27 43 50 the Breaft of Cetus.) A Second. 28 17 41

Firft in the River before the Breaft of ^ 4 24 5° Cetus.) T 28 40 53

fcf 7 23 04

r =8 59 23

n ^ 7 3'.

Preced. <j 01 44

Middle. 5 2 tf 3J)

Second before the Breaft of Cetus. 6 52 c<j

10 Third of thofe folIowingTurn of Riv. Inform, within the laft Sinus. Third before the Breaft of Cetm.

Latitude. South.

32 46 35 3 2

o 1$ 00

Fourth behind the Turn of the River.

Fourth before the Breaft of Cetus.

Fifth behind the Turn.

Preced. of two Informes over the Riv.

Fifth before the Breaft of Cetut.

25 Subfeq. and more South. Sixth behind the Turn. More South, but contiguous to this,

Subfeq. Inform, over the River.

Eighth behind the Turn.

In the fecond Bend of the River; "

Ninth beyond the Turn. 35

North, of two beyond the firft Bend. Next before the fecond Bend. South, beyond the firlt Bend. Preced. of two beyond the 2d Bend.

40 Preced. in the firft Bend. Subfeq. beyond the fecond Bend.

45

Subfeq. in the firlt Bend.

North, in the 2d Bend toward the Weft, c? Small one contiguous to the Subfeq. H

50 (jn the 1 {I Bend.

South, in the fecond Bend. is"

55 Preced. before the firlt Bend.

Middle before the firft Bend.

60 Small one contiguous to it,

Subfeq. before the firft Bend. That next the Rife of the River.

6*5 North, in the Rife of the River to- wards Orion s Leg.)

9 2 9 ay 9 35 M 5 o5 41

5 45 03 14 30 20

3 35 ^ 9 5i 32 7 39 M

7 06 37
 * a 08 57

6 30 56 9 " 3°" 9 3° So

6 37 =8 3 4i5 3 00 52 to 18 16 20 16 20

21 17 3 14 31 20 19 31 34

1! 32 24

6 38 37

24 40 24

25 °$ S

2 y 00 50

26 07 4? 18 07 00

28 59 47 co"

1 12 38

1 00 31

2 29 15

3 35 3S

2J 08 20

2 59 03

15 32 21 o 56 10 o 23 4 r

3 33 10 3 45 58

r °° S3 3 " =?

3 3<m8

4 °7 47

6 43 03

7 43 4«

7 59 J

4 44 45

South in the Riie"cf the River.

4 3 6 6

5* 6

20J; 6

' 3 4

57 19 45

09 2 S

iS 32 17 !3 22 2! 4 17 4« 30 19 28 14 (8 26 20

! 5 4° '5 14 c8 IS •8 4 S 16

!0 27 17

19 38 34

09 15

53 °9 ■i- 34 M 4 1 -

25 00 38

'I 45 43 43 40 5 33 13 3 21 47 2

43 3° 44

27 29 56

27 30 01 30 57 2S

28 13 03 '3 58 54

= 5 01

33 15 20 j 1 2


 * 8 43 s

•8 24 5

-9 53 5= 25 08 3, 20 54 06 5° 56- 43

'4 20 3

51 $1 36 01 48

41 25 o 30 49 J 30 28 2

=5 H J :

o 01 49 38 27 I 38 24 2

27 5° 4

27 3° 49 32 49 1

3

7 41 00 35 04 ; 2


 * 53 02

29 48 . =7 '6 $6

57 2°

1 '5

. ^l' 5- 55

2 7 S3 17 17
 * I 34 lo| 4

S

4 4 6

7.

s a

4 s s

6 5 4 5

4 4

5 6 4

3

3 4 3 4

6

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