Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/685

 EPA

[ 3i9 ]

EPH

Thefe 50 Eons, the Valentinians hold to have been For Inftance : What was the Age of the Moon on

figured by the thirty Tears of our Saviour's private December 31 fl, J. D. 171 1 ? By this Rule, 1 find,

Life. See Valentin! an. that the Moon will then be three Days old; that is, it

EPACTS, in Chronology, the Exccffes of the Solar will then be three Days from the lail new Moon. For,

Month above the Lunar Synodical Month ; and of the Solar 22 -\- 10 + 31 = *3> an< * 6 i being divided by 30, there

Year above the Lunar Year, or 12 Synodical Months : Or will remain of the Dividend, 3. And this exactly agrees

of fevcral Solar Months, above as many Synodical Months ; to the other foregoing Rule, whereby it was found that

and fevcral Solar Years above as many Dozens of Synodical the New Moon was on December 28. 1711.

Month:

Whence, the EpaBs are either Annual or Menfrual.

Menfrual Epacts, are the Exceffes of the Civil, or Calendar Month, above the Lunar Month. See Month.

Suppofe, e. gr. it were New Moon on the firft Day of January: Since the Lunar Month is 29 Days I2 h 44' 3"; and the Month of January contains 31 Days : The Men- flrual EpaB is 1 Day n h 15' 57".

It muft be obferved, that as the Cycle of 19 Years, anticipates the new Moons by one Day in 5-12 Years ; the fame Cycle of EpaCls will not always hold : The Moon's Anticipation lefTcning the feveral EpaBs by one, every 312 Years.

To have the EpaBs, therefore, point out the New Moons perpetually ; that EpaB given in the Calendar is not fuf- ficient ; but all the 30 EpaBs fhould be bcftowed through-

Annual Epacts, are the Exceffes of the Solar Year out the whole Year, that the Calendar may exhibit all

above the Lunar. See Year.

Hence, as the Julian Year is 355 Days 6 Hours, and the Julian Lunar Year 354 Days 8 h 48' 38" 5 the' an- nual EpaB will be 10 Days 12" n' 22"; that is, nearly, 11 Days. Confequently, the EpaB of 2 Years, is 22 Days; of 3 Years, 33 Days; or rather 3, fince 30 Days make an Embolifmic, or Intercalary Month. See Embolismic.

the Cycles of EpaBs. See Calendar.

And, again, that as in 300 Gregorian Years, there is one Biffcxtile Year dropp'd ; the New Moons are thus thrown on the following Day. Confequently, by the Moon's poft-pofition there is one added to every EpaB. See Gregorian.

EPANORTHOSIS, in Rhetoric, a Figure, whereby the

Thus,the -E/A9 of 4 Years are 14 Days, andfoof the reft : Orator revokes and corrects fomething before alledg'd, as

And thus, every 19 th Year, the EpaB becomes 30 or o ; confequently the 20 th Year the EpaB is 1 1 again : And fo the Cycle of EpaBs, expires with the Golden Number, or Lunar Cycle of 19 Years, and begins again with the fame, as in the following Table.

Gotd. Numb.

EpaBs.

Gold. Numb.

EpaBs.

Gold. Numb.

EpaBs.

1

XI

7

XVII

1 i

XXIII

2

XXII

8

XXVIII

14

IV

HI

9

IX

15

XV

4

XIV

10

XX

id

XXVI

5

XXV

II

1

17

VIII

6

VI

12

XII

18

XIX

19

XXX

Again, as the New Moons arc the fame, that is, fall on the fame Day every 19 Years, fo the Difference be- tween the Lunar and Solar Year, is the fame every 19 Years. And becaufe the faid Difference is always to be added to the Lunar Year, in Order to adjuft, or make it equal ro the Solar Year ; hence the faid Difference re- fpecfirely belonging to each Year of the Moon's Cycle, is called the EpaB of the faid Tear, that is, the Number to be added to the faid Year to make it equal to the Solar Year ; The Word being form'd from the Greek, imja, induce, intercalo.

Upon this mutual Refpect, between the Cycle of the Moon, and the Cycle of the EpaBs, is founded this Rule for finding the EpaB belonging to any Year of the Moon's Cycle. Multiply the Year given of the Moon's Cycle into 11 ; if the Product be lefs than 30, it is the EpaB fought ; if the Product be greater than 30, divide it by 30, and the Remainder of the Dividend is the EpaB : For In- llance, I would know the EpaB for the Year 1712, which is the third Year of the Moon's Cycle. Wherefore 3 is the EpaB for 171s : For 11 x 3 = 33, and 33 being di- vided by 30, there is left 3 of the Dividend for the EpaB. See Cycle.

By Help of the EpaB may be found what Day of any Month in any Year the New Moon falls on, thus : To the Number of the Month, from March inclufively, add the EpaB of the Year given ; if the Sum be lefs than 30, fubftract it out of 30 ; if greater, fubftract it out of 60 ; and the Remainder will be the Day, whereon the New Moon will fall.

too weak ; and adds fomething ftronger, and more con- formable to the Paflion he is agitated by. See Cor- rection.

Such, e. gr, is that of Cicero for Ccelius : O Stultitia I Stultitiam ne die am, an Impudentianz Singula rem. Oh Folly ! Folly (ball 1 call it, or rather intolerable Impu- dence ? And in the firft Catalinarian : Shtamquam quid lojuor ! jTe lit alia res frangat ? T« nt unquam te corrigas ? I'll lit ullam fugam meditere ? T~u ut ullum exilimn cogitesl Xltinam, tibi if am Mentem Dii Ini- mortales donarent.

Thus alfo Terence, in the Jleautontimorumenos, in- troduces his old Man Mendemus, faying,

Filium Uuicum Adolefcentulum Habeo. Ah ! quid dixi habere me ? Imo habui, Chreme, Nunc habeam nee ne, incertum eft. • The Word is Greek, zmv&fSam, form'd of IfSrSt, R'ght, Straight, whence e?9v'«, I fraighten, arseVa, i-mn^nv^ I redrefs, ftraighten, correB, and emrofSsw, CorreBion. The Latins call it CorreBio, and Emendatio. EPAULE, or ESPAULE, in Fortification, the Shoulder of the Baftion ; or the Angle made by the Face and Flank 5 whence that Angle is often called the Angle of the Epaule. See Bastion and Shoulder. (

The Word is pure French, and literally fignifies Shoulder. EPAULEMENT, in Fortification, a Side-Work haftily thrown up, to cover the Canon, or the Men.

It is made either of Earth thrown up, of Bags of Earth, Gabions, or of Fafcines and Earth, of which lat- ter make, the Epaulements of the Places of Arms, for the Cavalry, behind the Trenches are.

Epaulement, is alfo ufed for a Demi-Baftion, confiding of a Face and Flank, placed at the Point of a Horn- or Crown-Work. Alfo, for a little Flank, added to the Sides of Horn-Work, to defend them when too long. Alfo for the Redoubts made on a right Line, to fortine ir. And, laftly, for a Square Orillon, which is a Mafs of Earth almoll fquare, faced and lined with a Wall, and defigned to cover the Canon of a Cafement.

EPENTHESIS, in Grammar, the Addition, or Infer-

tion of a Letter, whether a Vowel, or Confonant, in the

Middle of a Word ; as Relligio for Religio. See Figure.

The Word is Greek, vnv/?n, and

7;'&rfa, q. d. ew7ja»f"> infero, immitto.

EPHA, a dry Meafure in Ufe among the Hebrews.

If the New Moon be fought lor in the Month of Ja- See Measure. miary or March, then nothing is to be added to the lh = E f ha was the moil ordinary Meafure they ufed;

EpaB; if for February or April, then only 1 is to be added. ? nd ™J whereby the reft were regulated. 'Tts commonly

For Example : I would know what Day of December iuppofed that the Epha, reduced to Roman Modms,

the New Moon was on A. D. 1711, the EpaB whereof is contain d four Modn and a half. Now the Roman Modtus

22. By the aforefaid Rule, I find it will be December the of Grams, or Flower, contain'd 20 Libra, or Pounds j

28 th; for 22+ 10= 32, and So— 32 = 28. See Moon, confequently the Epha weigh'd 90 Pounds. Dr. Arbuthnot

The Day whereon the New Moon falls, being thus found, reduces the Epha to 3 Pecks, 3 Pints, Engl. eafy to infer from thence what the Age of the Moon The Hofpitality of Gideon is prais'd for

is on any Day given.

However, there is a peculiar Rule commonly made ufe of to this Purpofe, which is this : Add the EpaB of the Year, the Number of the Month, from March inclufively, and the given Day of the Month all into one Sum, which if it be lefs than 30, fhews the Age of the Moon ; if it be greater than 30, divide it by 50, and the Remainder of the Dividend fhews the Age of the Moon, or how many Days it is from the laft New Moon : This Method alfo Diaria will never err a whole Day,

baking an Epha of Flower 'for a fingle Angeir Which might have ferved 4; Men a whole Day ; the ufual Portion allow'd the Workmen being two Pound of Bread per Diem.

EPHEMERA, in Medicine, an Epithet applied to fomething that only lafls one Day ; particularly to a Fever, which terminates in the Compafs of a Day, i. e. to an Accefs of a Fever which returns no more , called by Galen, tfi^f'S- ?»$-:»<, Febris Eihemer.t, and See Fever.

The