Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/684

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In the Plea of Entry there are three Degrees : Firft, where a Man demandcth Lands or Tenements, of his own Seitin, after the Term is expired. The Second is, where One demandeth Lands or Tenements, let by another after the Term is expired. The Third, where one demandeth Lands or Tenements of that Tenant, who had Entry by one, to whom fome Anceftor of the Plaintiff did let for a Term now expired ; according to which Degrees, the Writs for Remedy are varied

Befide which, there is a fourth Form, without Degrees, and in Cafe of a more remote Scifin, to which the other three Degrees do not extend. The Writ in the fecond Degree, is call'd a Writ of Entry in le fer : In the third, In le per & cui : And in the fourth, without Degrees, a Writ of Entry in le pojl ; that is, after Dif- feifin, made by fuch a one to fuch a one. And if a Writ of Entry be conceiv'd out of the right Caufe, fo that one Form is brought for another, it is abatable. In thefe four Degrees are comprehended all Manner of Writs of Entry, which are without Certainty and Number.

A Writ of Entry differeth from an Affize, becaufe it lieth for the moft Part againil him who enter 'd lawfully, but holdeth againftLaw; whereas an Affize lieth againil him, who unlawfully diffeized : Yet, fometimes, a Writ jof Entry lieth upon an Entruiidn. See Assize.

ENTRIES, amonglf Hunters, are thofe Places, or Thickets, thro' which Deer are found lately to have piaffed ; by which Means their Bignefs or Size is gueffed at, and then the Hounds, or Beagles, are put to them for the View.

ENTRUSION, or INTRUSION, in Law, a violent, or unlawful Entrance into Lands, or Tenements, void of a Poffeffor ; by a Perfon who has no Right to them.

E. gr. When a Man fteps into Lands, the Owner whereof lately died, e're the right Heir, either by himfelf, or any other, hath taken Poffeffion, it is Intrufion.

Intrufion and Abatement, are fometimes taken for the fame Thing : Tho' there is a Difference. See Abate- ment. See alfo Disseisin.

ENVELOPE, in Fortification, is a Mount of Earth, fometimes raifed in the Ditch of a Place, and fometimes beyond it 5 being' cither in Form of a fimple Parapet, or of a fmall Rampart bordcr'd with a Parapet.

Thefe Envelopes are made, where one would only cover the weak Places with fingle IJnes ; without any Dciign of advancing towards the Field, which cannot be done but by Works which require a great deal of Breadth ; fuch as Horn-Works, Half-Moons, Z$c.

Thefe Envelopes are fometimes called Sillons, Contre- gards, Conferves, Lunettes, &c.

ENVIRONNE, in the French Heraldry, is when a Lion, or other Figure, is Environ'd, or encompafs'd round with other Thing.

Environne with fo many Bezants, &c. in Orle. ENUMERATION, Numbering, a particular Account, or Detail of feveral Things. Sec Numeration.

God deffies Abraham, in Scripture, to Enumerate the ■Stars : At the Time of our Saviour's Birth, Auguftus Ceefar had commanded an Enumeration to be made of all the World, or rather of all the People under his Em- pire. Tho' feveral able Authors are of Opinion that the Cenfus, Tax, or Enumeration, mention'd by St. Luke, did not extend to the whole Empire, but only to the People of Judea. See Perizonius de Cenfit Judaico : And Serger de Viis Militaribus.

At Rome, it was an ufual Thing to have an Enumera- tion of all the Families : The Brit was under Senilis T'lillius, when the Men amounted to So Thoufand. 'Pom- fey, and Craffus, made another when they reach'd to 400 Thoufand. That of Cmfar did not exceed 100 Thoufand : So that the Civil Wars muft have deflroy'd 300 Thoufand Roman Citizens. Under Augufnis, in the Year 715, the Roman Citizens, throughout the Empire, were number'd at 4 Million ff 3 Thoufand. In the Year of Rome 746", the Citizens being number'd again, were found 4 Millions, 2 Hundred 33 Thoufand. In the Year -j66, being the laft Year of Auguftus's Reign, that Prince, together °with Sfi- berius, made another Enumeration of the Citizens of Rome when they were tound 4 Millions 137 Thoufand Perfons. Claudius made a new Computation, in the Year of Chrift 48, when, as Tacitus relates it, the Roman Citizens throughout the whole Empire, amounted to 6 Millions 9S4 Thoufand ; tho' others reprefent the Number as confiderably greater. A very curious, rare, yet indifputable Medal of Clau- dius, never yet made public, expreffes the precifc Number in this Lift made by Claudius, which was call'd Ottenfio, to be 7 Millions of Peopic fit to bear Arms, befide all the Soldiers on Foot in the Armies, which amounted to 50 Legions, 57 Cohorts, and 60 Soldiers.

After this Enumeration we find no more till that of Veffafian, which was the laft.

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Enumeration, in Rhetoric, a Part of the Peroration wherein the Orator, collecting the fcatter'd Heads of what has been delivered throughout the whole, makes a brief and artful Rehearfal, or Recapitulation thereof. Sec P E -

RORATION.

Enumeration of the Tarts, in Rhetoric, is what we mere ufually call Diflribution. See Distribution.

ENUNCIATION, a fimple Expreflion, or Declaration of a Thing, in Terms either of Affirmation, or Denial.

The Schoolmen ufually diftingui/h three Operations of the Underitanding, Apprehenfion, Enunciation, and Rea- foning. See Mind, Operation, £$c.

Enunciation, among the Logicians, is the fame as a Propofttion. See Proposition. ENVOICE. See Invoice.

ENVOY, a Perfon deputed, or fent purpofcly to nego- tiate fome particular Affair with a foreign Prince, °or Republic. See Minister.

Thofe fent from the Courts of England, France, &c. to Genoa, the Princes of Germany, and other petty Princes and States, don't go in Quality of Embaffadors, but of Envoys.

Add, that thofe fent from one great Prince, or State, to another ; as from the King of England to the Em- peror, (Sc. When the Affair they go upon is not very folcmn and important, have frequently no other Character but that of Envoys. See Embassador.

Envoys are either Ordinary, or Extraordinary. See Extraordinary, £S?r.

Both Kinds enjoy the Protcflion of the Law of Na- tions, and all the Privileges of Embaffadors ; only differ- ing from them in this, that the fame Ceremonies are not perform'd to them.

The Quality of Envoy Extraordinaiy, ■ Wicquefort ob- fcrves, is very modern ; more modern than that of Refident: The Mi.nifters invefted therewith, at firft, took on them moft of the Airs of Embaffadors ; but they have lince been taught otherwife.

In the Year 1630, the Court of France made a Decla- ration, that the Ceremonies of conducing Envoys Extra- ordinary to their Audience in the Kings and Queen's Coaches, with divers others, fhould no longer be praclifed to Envoys.

S. Jiiftiniani, the firft Envoy Extraordinary from Venice, after that Regulation ofter'd to cover, in fpeaking to the King ;_but it was refufed him. And the King of France himfelf declared, that he did not expefl his 'Envoy Ex- traordinary at the Court of Vienna, Jhould be regarded any otherwife than as an ordinary Refident. Since which Tme, thofe two Kinds ofMinifters have been treated alike. Wicquefort.

ENURNY, is the Herald's Term, for a Bordure of a Coat of Arms being charged with any Kind of Beafts. ENVY. See Pleasure and Pain. EOLIC, or, more properly, jEOLIC, in Grammar, is a Dialeft of the Greek Language. See jEolic and Dialect.

Eolic, in Mufic, one of the Modes of the anticnt Mufic. See Mode.

The JEolic Mode was found fitted for Lyric Verfes - as having a peculiar Sweetnefs and Gravity. It was the Sol ot G re Sol ut.

The Sub-JEolic, or Hypo-JEolic, had the fame EffcSs with the JEolic. It was the re of de Sol re; and be^an a Diateffaron lower than its natural authentic Mode. ° EOLIP1LE, in Hydraulicks. See iEompiLE. EON, or j£ON, a Greek Term, fignifying' Seculum, Age; attributed by Valentine, a Herefiarch of the lid' Century, to his God, and all the Productions thereof. See jEon.

Valentine, refining on thofe who had preceded him in this Way, produced a long Genealogy of a Number of JEons, or JEones : The firft, and moft perfect, he parti- culatly denominates n^sV, <Proon, that is, ire-exiftent ; bendc other Names, the moft ufual whereof was that of Sythos, I5lA»@-, 'Depth.

This Sythos continued long alone with *Emin, Emiwa, Thought ; whom Valentinus alfo call'd xdei;, Grace, and Styil, Silence. At length, Sythos with Sige, produced Nous, NouV, Underfranding, and AA»3t/a, Truth, her Sifter. Nous begot two Eons ; Logos, Aiy@-, Word, and Zoe, Zmi, Life : Which two begot two others, Anthrobos, "Avi^TrQr, Man, and 'Ekkmct*, Church. And thefe e'ight JEons were the Chief of all the reft.

The Word, Aiy&, and Life, ZA, begot ten other JEons : Mm and the Church begot twelve .more • amon» whom were the Paraclete, Faith, Hope, Charity, the PerfeS, TIast©-, and Wifdom, Sofia. And thus' were the 30 JEons made up, which- all together made the Pie- roma, mx&im, or fpiritual and invifibie Pkiiitiiie.

Thefe