Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/667

 EMO

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EMP

Were judg'd to defend from Mahomet by bis Daughter Eathimah, and who wear the Green Durban. Sec Turban.

Imir, is alfo a Title, which being joyn'd to fome other Word, frequently denotes an Office, or Employ.

As the Emir al Omera, Commander of Commanders ; who, in the Time of the Caliphs, was Chief of the Coun- cils and Armies.

The Name Emir is alfo applied, by the Turks, to all Viziers, and Baihaws or Governours of Provinces. See Bashaw, t£c.

Add, that Emir Akhor, vulgarly Imrahor, is Matter, or Chief of the Equeries to the Grand Seignior : Emir Mem, vulgarly Miralem, Standard-Bearer, and Director of all the Standards of the Empire, with the Mufic, &c. Emir Bazar, the Prevot, or Superintendant of the Markets, who regulates the Prices of Provisions. Emir al Moflemin, or Emir al Monmenin, i. e. Commander of the Faithful, or the Believers} was a Title aflhmed by the Almoravides and Aim ohades, who reign'd in Africa and Spain.

The Word Emir is Arabic, where it literally Signifies ^Prince. It is form'd of the Verb ■yr^ Amar, wh'ich is originally Hebrew, and in both thefe Languages Signifies to fay, and to command.

EMISSARY, a trufty, dextrous, able Perfon fent, under- hand, to found the Sentiments, and Views of another ; to make him fome Propofal, or Overture : Or to fpread Reports, watch the Actions, Motions, and Countenance of a contrary Party, or Perfon, in Order to make Advantages of them all.

The Leaders of Parties have Abundance of Emiffaries employed in their Service, who inform them of what paSIes every where, that they may take their Meafures accord- ingly. The Pope and the Chevalier have their Emiffaries in England.

The Word is form'd of the Latin e, and mitto, I fend out.

Emissary of a Gland, or its excretory D11B, is the common Conduit, Canal, or Pelvis, in which all the little fecrctory Canals of a Gland do terminate. See Gland.

EMISSION, the Act of throwing or driving a Thing, particularly a Fluid, from within, outwards.

The Term is chiefly applied among us to the Expul- sion, or Ejaculation of the Seed ; See Ejaculation. Tho', we alfo fay, the Antients took Vifion to be per- form'd by the Emijfwn of Vifual Rays from the Eye. See Vision.

It is alfo ufed Morally : Thus, the Civil Death of a Religious is reckon'd from the Day of the folemn Emiffion of Vows. See Vow.

EMMENAGOGUES, in Medicine, fuch Remedies as promote the Mevfes ; thus call'd from sp, in, pw 3 Month, and aya> y dnco, I lead • by Reafon their natural Periods of flowing are once a Month. See Menses.

Emmenagogues either act by giving a greater Force to the Blood in its Circulation, whereby its Momentum againft the VeSTels is increas'd ; or by making it thinner, whereby it will more ealily pafs through any Outlets.

The former Intention is helped by Chalybeates, which give a greater Weight and Momentum to a languid, heavy Blood, and all other Subftances of the like Gravity and Elasticity. And fuch is the Cafe of a Leuco-phlegmatic Habit, or as it is commonly called, the Green-Sicknefs, and its Cure.

But, in the latter Cafe, where the Blood is florid and too high ; attenuating Alteratives and Detergents are the only Remedies, becaufe fitteft to render the Blood more thin, and give it fuch a Property, as will better carry it thro' thofe little Apertures, deStined for its Difcharge into the Uterus.

EMOLLIENTS, in Medicine, and Pharmacy, Remedies ufed to foftcn, and loofen, Hardnefles, or Constructions of the Belly ; or thofe of Tumors and Swellings.

Such are Mallows, Mercurialis, Lilly Roots, Alth<ea, Lin-feed, Butter, Wax, Gum Ammoniac, &c. See Ma-

LACTICKS.

The Term Emollient is not only applied to internal Remedies, but alfo to other Things : A Laxative, Anodyne, and Emollient Clyfler : An Emollient Emplafter, made of refolutive Unguents : An Emollient Cataflafm : Ffelh Cherries are an Emollient Food ; tho', when dry, they rather conflringe than relax 5 as wanting a great Part of the Phlegm, which render'd them Emollient. Ripe Grapes, of Aftringent, which they were before, become Laxative and Emollient. Hog's Greaie, applied externally, is refo- lutive and, Emollient.

Dr. ghiincy defines Emollients, more fcicntifically, to be fuch Things as flieath and foften the Afperites of the Humours, and relax and fupple the Solids at the fame Time.

For it is eafy to conceive how thefe mould be both ef- fected by the fame Medicine ; thus: By what Means Soever, (whether in the Stomach, or any other Parts) the Juices have obtained a Sharpnefs, or Afperiry fo as to vellicate and render uneafy the Fibres, and nervous Parts - which often happens ; thofe Things which arc fmooth' i°ft, and yielding, cannot but wrap up their Points, and render them imperceptible ; whereby they may gradually, by the proper Courfe of Circulation, be brought to fome convenient ; Emunctory, without doing any Injury by the Way.

Such Sharpnefs of Parts, likewife, draws the Fibres into opalms, keeps them too tenfe, and frequently thereby occa- sions Obftruftions of the worft Kind.

■n. 3 " *" C ' 1 ^fes, therefore, Emollients lubricate, and moiften the Fibres, fo as to relax them into their proper Dimensions, whereupon fuch Diforders ceafe.

EMOLUMENT, is properly applied to the Profits arifing daily from an Office, or Employ.

The Patent, or other Inflrument, whereby a Perfon is

preferr d to an Office, gives him a right to enjoy all the

Dues, Honours, Wages and Emohrments belonging thereto.

In our Law Books, &c. Emolument is ufed in a fome-

what greater Latitude.

The Word is form'd of the Latin Emolumentum, which primarily Signifies the Profits redounding to the Miller from his Mill, of molo, molere, to grind.

EMPALEMENT, or IMPALEMENT, a cruel kind of PuniShment, wherein a Sharp Vale, or Stake, is run up the Fundament and thro' the Body.

We find mention of Impaling in Juvenal : It was fre- quently practifed in the Time of Nero ; and continues to be fo in Turkey.

The Word comes from the 'French Emfaler, or the Italian Impalare 5 or rather they come all alike, from the Latin 'Pains, a Stake, and the Preposition in, in, into,

EmfAlement, in Botany, the outmoft Part of the Flower of a Plant, encompaiiing the Foliation of the At- tire. See Flower.

It is compounded of the three general Parts of all Plants, the Skin, the Cortical, and the ligneous Bodies, each Emfaler being (whether conlifling of one or more Pieces) as another Leaf, and designed to be a Guard, and a Band to the Flower, where jit is weak and tender ; and. therefore fuch Plants as have Flowers, with a firm and flrong Bafis, as Tulips, £?c. have no Emfalement, nor need any. See Calyx.

EMPANELLING, in Law, Signifies the Writing, and entring the Names of a Jury into a Parchment, Schedule, or Roll of Paper by the Sheriff", which he hath fummoned to appear for the Performance of fuch public Service, as Juries are employed in. See Panel and Jury.

EMPARLANCE, in Law, a Defire, or Petition in Court, of a Day to paufe, or conflder what is beft to be done.

The Civilians call it Petitio Judiciarum. Kitchiti mentions Imparlance general and fpecial : The firft feems to be only that made in one Word, or in general Terms : Emparlance Special, is where the Party requires a Day to deliberate ; adding thefe Words, Salvis omnibus Advan- tagiis tarn ad Jurifditlionem Citrite, quam ad breve 2? Narrationem.

Briton ufes it for the Conference of a Jury upon a Caufe committed to them. See Imparlance.

EMPASMA, in Pharmacy, a Powder thrown, or fprin- kled, over the Body, to correa fome ill Smell thereof; or to prevent unneceSTary Sweats.

The Word is form'd from the Greek, sftmW, tofprinkle. EMPASTING, a Term ufed in Painting, for the lay- ing on of Colours, thick and bold ; or applying Several Lays of Colours, fo as they may appear thick. See Colouring.

A Painting is faid to be well Empa/led with Colours, when the Colours are beftow'd plentifully, or it is well fed, and faturated with Colours.

The Term is alfo ufed, when the Colours are laid distinct and afunder ; and not foften'd, or loft in each, other. This Head is not painted : It is only Empafted. It is form'd of the French Empafler, which has the fame Signification, of 1>afte, or <PSte, Pafte.

EMPEROR, Jmpcrator, a Title which, among the antient Romans, only Signified a General of an Army : But, afterwards, it came to denote an abfolute Monarch, or a fupreme Commander of an Empire ; A Roman Em- peror, &c.

In Strictnefs, the Title Emperor does not, cannot, add any Thing to the Rights of Sovereignty : Its Effect is, only to give Precedence, and Prehemincnce above other Sovereigns ; and as fuch, it raifes thofe inveiced with it, to the Top of all Human Greatnefs.

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