Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/662

 EMA

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EMB

Among the School-men, Emanation is alfo ufed for the Production of fome leffer Thing, in Order to the Pro- duction of a greater, by Virtue of fome natural Connection, or Dependance between them.

For, as when feveral Moveables are joyn'd together, the fame Power that moves the firft moves all the reft (as in pulling up the Trunk, you pull up the Roots, Branches, &c. or 'in drawing one Link of a Chain, you bring for- ward all the reft) The fame is to be understood m all conjunct, natural Effects ; viz. that the fame Power whereby the firft is produced, does alfo produce all the reft, naturally connected to it : In that by Means of the Connection, the Aftion of the Agent is convey'd from one to the other ; fo that the firft determines the Agent to the Production of all the reft.

In this Senfe, they fay an Emanation of Properties from the Effence, wherewith they have a natural Connection.

And hence that is call'd an Emanative Catife, (in Con- trad i function to an Efficient Caufe) which produces an Effect by its mere Prefence, without the Intervention of any Action 5 as a Rofc doth a Smell, &c Others, and with oood Reafon, deny that there is any fuch Thing as an Emanative Caufe, to produce an Effect without any Action. See Cause.

EMAKCHE, in Heraldry. See Manche.

EMANCIPATION, in the Roman Law, the Aft of fetting a Son free from the Power, and Subjection to his Father. See Freedom, Enfranchising, c^c.

The Effect of Emancipation was, that the Goods, and moveable Effects, which the Son fhould thenceforth ac- quire, fhould be his fole Property, and not the Property of his Father ; as they were before Emancipation. Bcfide that, Emancipation put the Son in a Capacity of ma- naging his own Affairs, and of marrying without his Father's Confent, tho 1 a Minor, or Pupil, and lefs than 25 Years of Age. See Put it, $Sc

There were two Kinds of Emancipation -. The one tacit y which was by the Son's being promoted to fome Dignity, or by his becoming of Age, or by Marriage : In all which Cafes, the Son became his own Mafter of Courfe.

The other exprefs, where the Father declared before the Judge, that he emancipated his Son. This was not per- form 'd without fome Formality : The Father was firit to fell his Son imaginably, to another Man, whom the Law- yers call 'Pater Fiduciaries, Father in Truft ; of whom being bought back again by the natural Father, he manu- mitted, or fet him free by a Declaration before the Judge, dee Manumission.

That imaginary Sale was call'd Mancipat'io ; and the Manumiffion, coniequent thereon, Emancipatio.

Emancipation ftill obtains in France, chiefly, with Re- gard to Minors, or Pupils, who are hereby fet at Liberty to manage their Effects, without the Advice, or Direction, of their Fathers or Tutors, It rnuft be obferved, however, that the Emancipation only extends to the felling of Move- ables, and letting of Leafes, ££e. of Immoveables ; not to the Selling or Mortgaging of Immoveables : Which are only done with the Confent of a Curator, ordinarily ap- pointed a Perfon when emancipated.

Formerly, Emancipation was performed in the ordinary Courts of Juftice, when dented by the Child ; but if he were a Minor, the King's Letter was required. Tho' there were other Ways of Emancipation, as Marriage ; the Age of 20 Years : And in fome Provinces, the Death of the Mother, by Reafon the Children were there under the Power of the Father and Mother conjointly, fo that the Death of either of them emancipated the Child.

Emancipation by Marriage, in France, gives a Power of marrying again, without the Father's Confent, tho' under Age : But among the Romans, Cttjas tells us, a Widow, under 25 Years of Age, tho' emancipated by her former Marriage, return'd into the Power of her Father, and might not marry a fecond Time without his Confent.

l)u Conge obferves, that the Word Emancipation was alfo ufed in the Monafteries, in fpeaking of Monks, pro- moted to any Dignity, or removed from under the Power of their Superiours : As alfo in fpeaking of Monafteries, Chappels, &c. themfelves, when exempted by the Pope, from the Jurifdiction of the Ordinary.

The Word is form'd of the Latin, ex, of, and Manci- piiim, a Slave.

EMASCULATION, the taking from a Male thofe Parts which make the Character of the Sex. See Cas- tration.

EMAUX de V Efcu, in Heraldry, the Metal and Co- lours of a Shield, or Scutcheon. See Metal and Colour.

EMBALMING, the Opening a dead Body, taking out the Interlines, and filling their Place with odoriferous and defficative Drugs, and Spices, to prevent its putrifying.

The Word is form'd from Balm, which was a principal Ingredient in the Embalmings of the antient Egyptians. See Balm.

The Body of Jacob was 40 Days in Embalming in Egypt. See Genejis 50. v. 3. Mary Magdalen, and Mary the Mother of James, bought Perfumes to Embalm Jefus. See S. Mathe-w, Sec. John King of France, dying at London in 1364, his Body was Embalmed, and fent to France, and there intefr'd at St. "Dennis. T)u. 1*Hfot. For the Manner of Embalming among the Egyptians, See L'he-venot's Collection, T'ome I.

The Peruvians had likewife a Method of preferving the Bodies of their Tncas, or Kings, Embalmed. Garci- lajfo de la Vega, takes their main Secret to have been the burying of the Corps in the Snow, to dry them ; and afterwards applying a certain Bitumen, mention'd by Acofia, which kept them as entire, as if they had been ftill alive.

Dr. Gre-w, in his Mufmim Regalis Societatis, is of Opi- nion, that the Egyptians boil'd their Bodies in a large Caldron, with a certain Kind of liquid Balm : His Rea- fon is, that in the Mummies prefcrved in the Collection of the Royal Society, the Balm has penetrated not only the fleftiy and foft Parts, but even the very Bones ; fo, that they are all as black as if they had been burnt. See Mummy.

EMBARCADERE, In Commerce, a Spa-nip Term, much ufed along the Coafts of America, particularly thofe on the Side of the South Sea.

The Word fignifies a Place that ferves fome other consi- derable City further within Land, for a Port, or Place of Shipping, i. e. of embarking and difembarking Commodi- ties. Thus Colao, e. gr. is the Embarcadere of Lima, the Capital of Pern: And Arica the Embarcadere ofPotoJi. There are Embarcaderes 40, 50, and even <So Leagues oft" the City which they ferve in that Capacity.

EMBARGO, a Restraint, or Prohibition,' impofed by a Soveraign, on Merchant Vcffels ; to prevent their going out of Port; fomctimes their coming in; and fome times both, for a limited Time. Embargo's are ufual in Time of War ; in Apprehcnfions of Invafions, &c

One great Occafion of Embargo's is, that the Govern- ment may make Ufe of the Merchant VefTels, with their Equipage, &c. in Armaments, Expeditions, -Transporting of Soldiers, &c. Embargo's are of the worft Confeguence to Commerce imaginable.

EMBARRAS, a French Term, tho' now naturalized. It fignifies a Difficulty, or Obftacle, which perplexes or confounds a Perfon, c5c.

The Embarras was very great in the Road, by Rea- fon of the Army which defiled therein. A Man lives more in two Days of Leifure, and feels more of Lite therein, than in two Years of Hurry and Embarras. Chev. de M. It di fcovers a Decay of the Paftion, when the Lovers are under an Embarras to find themfelves alone. La. Sntyere.

The Majefty, the Dignity of Kings, is Embarrajjing, Embarajfant ; by Reafon it obliges them to have a cer- tain Air, and certain Manners fuitable to their Rank j which are fcarce had without a continual Attention, which muft needs fatigue, and Embarajfe a Man.

The Majefty of Louis XIV. is faid not to have been any wife Embarrajjiug : It was natural to him.

EMBASSADOR, a public Mmifter, fent from one So- veraign Prince, as a Reprefentative of his Perfon, to another. See Minister.

In Latin, we uftially call him Legatus, or Orator ; tho' 'tis certain, the Word Embajjador, with us, has a much more extenfive Signification, than that of Legatus amon«- the Romans : And, excepting that they are both under the Protection of the Law of Nations, there is fcarce any Thing in common between them. See Legatus.

Embajfadors are either Ordinary or Extraordinary.

An Embajjador in Ordinary, is he who refides ftatedly in the Court of another Prince, to maintain a mutual good Underftanding, look to the Interefts of his Prince, and tranfact fuch Affairs as may occur.

Embajfadors in Ordinary, are but of modern Invention : 'Tis not above 200 Years ago fince they were firft heard of: Till then, all Embajfadors were Extraordinary, and retired affoon as they had difpatched the Affair they were fent upon. See Ordinary.

An Embajfodor Extraordinary, is he who is fent to a Prince's Court on fome particular, and emergent Occa- fion; as to conclude a Peace, or Marriage; make a Complement, or the like. Indeed, there is no eflential Difference between Ordinary and Extraordinary • their Errand is all: And they equally enjoy all the Privileges and Prerogatives which the Laws of Nations decrees.

At Athens, the Embajfadors from foreign Princes and States, mounted the Tribune, or Pulpit, of the public

Orators,