Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/613

 DRI

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DRO

but on one : In which refpect it might be call'd Dry, See Usury.

Cambium Jiceum, fays Lud. Lopes, de ContraB. ££ Negot. efl C&tnbnirii non habens Exiftentiam Cambii, fed Appa- rentiam ad Infiar Arboris Exjiccatce, &c.

Drie Rent. See Rent Sec.

DRIFT of the Foreft, an exact View, or Examination of what Cattel are in the Foreft, that it maybe known, whether jt be overcharg'd, or not, and whofe the Beafts are 5 and whether they are commonable Beafts, or not. See Forest, and Common.

B&iFi-Sail, in a Ship, is a Sail us'd under Water 5 it is veer'd out right a-hcad, upon the Sea in a Storm, having Shtets faften'd to it as other Sails have ; its Ufe being to teep the Ship's Head right upon the Sea.

It is alfo ufeful, to hinder a Ship's driving with a Cur- rent, and with that View generally us'd by Fifher-men, especially in the North-Sea.

DRINK, a Part of our ordinary Food, in a liquid Form, ferving to dilute, and moiften the dry Meat. See Food.

The Drinks, in different Countries, are different. Thofe, ordinarily us'd among us, are, Water, Malt-Liquors, and i'fine. See Water, M hi? -Liquor, and Wine.

The Extraordinarics, are, Cyder, 'Punch, Brandy, "Tea, Strong Waters, &c. which fee.

The Malt-Drink brew'd in England, in one Year, Cham- berlayne allures us, amounts to very near 2. Millions of Bar- rels of ftrong, and fmall. See Excise.

Water, Dr. Chcyne obferves, was without all Difpute the primitive original Beverage, as it is the only fimple Fluid (for there are but three more in Nature, Mercury, Light, and Air, none of which is fit for human Drink) fitted for dilu- ting, moiftening and cooling, the Ends of Drink appointed by Nature : And happy had it been for the Race of Man- kind, had other mixt, and artificial Liquors never been in- vented. Water alone is fufficient, and effectual for all the Purpofes of human Wants in Drink. Strong Liquors were never deiign'd for common Ufe. They were formerly kept, here in England, as other Medicines are, in Apothecaries Shops, and pre'eribed by Phylicians, as they do Diafcor- dium, and Venice Treacle, to refrefh the Weary, ftrengthen the Weak, and raife the low-fpirited. The Effect of the or- dinary Ufe of Wine, and fpirituous Liquors, as natural Cau- fes will always produce their Effects, is to inflame the Blood into Gout, Stone, and Rheumatifm, Fevers, Pleurifies, Small- Pox, &c. to dry up the Juices, and fcorch and fhrivel the Solids. Thofe, whofe Appetite, and Digeftion is good, and entire, never want ftrong Liquors to Supply 'em with Spi- rits : Such Spirits are too volatile, and fugitive for any lb- lid, or ufeful Purpofes of Life. Two Ounces of Flefh. Meat, well digefted, beget a greater Stock of more durable, and ufeful Spirits, than ten times as much ftrong Liquors.

All ftrong Liquors are as hard to digeft, and require as much Labour of the Concoctive Powers, as ftrong Food it ielf. Water is the only univerfal Diffolvent, or Menftruum, and the moft certain Dilute* of all Bodies proper for Food. There are a great many fpirituous Liquors, which not only will not diflblve, but will harden, and make more indjgeftible, efpecially the Salts of Bodies, wherein their active Qualities, thut is, thofe which can do moft harm to human Confti tut ions, confifh And we have known Perfons of tender Conftkutions, who could neither eat, nor digeft, upon drinking Wine, who, by drinking at Meals common Water, heated, have recovcr'd their Appetites, and Digeftion, have thriven, and grown plump. 'Tis true, ftrong Liquors by their Heat and Stimu- lation on the Organs of Concoction, by increaiing the Velocity of the Motion ol the Fluids, and thereby quickening the other Animal Functions, will carry off the Load that lies upon the Stomach, with more prefent Chearfulnefs. But then, befide the future Damages of fuch a Quantity of Wine to the Sto- mach, and the Fluids by its Heat, and Inflammation, the Food is hurried into the Habit unconcodfed, and lays a Foundation for a Fever, fit of the Colic, or fome Chronical Difeafe. Effay on Health, &c. ^.47, 48, Be.

DRIP, in Architecture. See Larmier.

Drips, are alfo us'd in Building for a Kind of Steps, on fiat Roofs, to walk upon. This Way of Building is much

DROIT, Jus, m our Law-Books, fignifies Right, or fy&i whereof our Lawyers make fix Kinds, viz. 1. Jus Recute- randi, Right of Recovering: 2. Jits Ent ran di, Right of Entnng; 5. Jus Habendi, Right of Having ■ 4. Jus Re- tinendi, Right of Retaining : 5. Jus Tercipiendi, Ri«ht of Receiving : 6. Jus ToJ/idendi, Right of PoffcfW g ee Law, and Right 5 as alfo Rectum.

DROPAX, in Pharmacy, an external Medicine, in Forin of a Plafter, us'd to take off the Hairs from any Part.

The Dropax is of two Kinds, Simple, and Compound*

The Si?nple is made of an Ounce of dry Pitch, and two Drachms of Oil.

The Compound is made with Pitch, Wax, Colophony, common Bitumen, Sulphur vimtm, Pepper, Euphorbium, Cantharides, and Caftor. There are alfo other Ways of ma- king it.

It was anciently much in Ufe to warm the Parts, to draw the Blood and Spirits to them, and to cure Atrophies. It was applied hot on the Part affected, after firft fhaving it. and was pull'd off again 'ere quite cold, then heated a-frefV and applied again ; and the Operation thus repeated, till the' Part were render'd very red. "

The Word is form'd from the Greek Jpi7ruv } to pluck, to tear.

DROPPING, or Dripping, is a Term us'd among Fal- coners, when a Hawk mutes direftly downwards in feveral Drops, not jerking her Dung ftraight forwards.

DROPS, in Meteorology. See Rain.

The Spherical Form, into which the Drops of Fluids con- form themfelves, is a Phenomenon that has a little pcr- plex'd the Philosophers.

The Solution commonly given, was, that the equable, uni- form Preffute of the ambient, or incumbent Atmosphere clo- fed 'em into this Form : But this Account will no longer pafs, now that we find the Phenomenon holds in Vacuo as well as in Air.

The Ne-'ftoniau Philofophers, therefore, afcribe it to their AttraBion, which being greater between the feveral Particles of the Fluids, than between them, and thofe of the Medium, they are, as it -were concentrated, and brought as near each other, and intoas little Compafs, as may be : which cannot be, without their being fpherical.

Thus, Sir Ifaac Newton : Guttte enhn Corporis cujuf- que fiuvez, tit figuram globofam inducere conentur, facit rautua parthm fuarum AttraBio ■ Eodem modo quo ^Ter- ra Mana,qtie in Rotunditatem tindique conglobantur i c Partium juarum Attratlione mutua, qu<e eft Gravhas. Opt. p. 338. See Attraction.

Drops, in Medicine, a liquid Medicine, wliofc Dofe is efti- mated by a certain Number of Drops.

A little Lownefs of Spirits, fays Dr. Cheyne, fpeaking of the fofter Sex under Fits of the Vapours, &c. requires Drops, which pafs readily down under the Notion of Phyfic ; Drops beget Drams, and Drams beget more Drams, till they come; to be without Weight, and without Meafure. Higher, and more fevere Fits, begot by thefe, bring forth farther Neceflity upon Nccefftty of Drops, Drams, and Gills, till at laft, &c* Effay on Health.

Englifo'DROvs, or Volatile Englijb Dkovs, or Guttle An- glicans, is a Liquor drawn by Fire from a great Number of Ingredients, and found a powerful Remedy againft Coa- gulations of the Blood, Obftructions, Apoplexies, malignant Fevers, Small-pox, &c.

Its Inventor was Dr. Goddard, a Phyfician of London. King Charles II. had much ado to purchafe the Secret of him, tho' he offer'd him 5000 Pounds for the r ame. How- ever, he prevail'd at length 5 but the Phyfician look'd on it as a Favour done the Prince, to impart it to him on fuch Terms.

Hence it is, that the Remedy took the Name otGutttf Anglicana. Sec Guttje Anglicans

Drops, Guttee, in Architecture, an Ornament in the Do- ric Entablature, reprefenting Drops, or little Bells, imme- diately under the Triglyphs. See Triglyph.

DROPSY, Hydrops, in Medicine, a Difeafe occafion'd by

prater -natural Colle6tion of Serum, or Water, in fome

d in Italy : where the Roof is not made quite flat, but Part of the Body ; Or a too great Proportion thereof in the

a little raifed in the Middle; with Drips, or Steps, lying a little inclining to the Horizon. See Roof.

DRIVE, in the Sea-Language. A Ship is raid to drive when an Anchor being let tall, it will not hold her faft, but that the fails away with the Tide, or Wind. See An- chor.

The beft Way to prevent this, is to -veer out more Cable; for the more Cable ftie has, the furer, and fafer ftie rides; or elfe to let fall more Anchors.

Alfo whenaSh to Leeward, or ftie makes.

Blood. See Disease.

The Word is derived from the Greek vVap, Water, and o^f, Fmies, Face.

' The liropiy acquires different Names from the different Parts ir afHicf s, or the different Parts the Waters are collected in. That of the Abdomen, or lower Belly, call'd fimply, and abfolutely c DropJy, is particularly denominated Jlfeites ; That of the whole Habit of the Body, Antijarcd, or Leueo- ' Hydrocephalus: That

phhgrnatia : That of the Head, Hip is a Hull, or d.l'rye, we fay, fire drives of the Scrotum, Hydrocele. See Ascites, Anasarcha, (5<r. in -with the Store, according to the Way There is alio a Species of this Difeafe caufed, inftead of

Water, by a Collection of Wind, call'd Tympanites, and by

DROGMAN. Sec Dragoman.

Hippocrates, ihsTJry'Dropfy. SeeTiMPANHEs,

Ther*