Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/573

 DIA

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DIA

The Tdffititus, Diamonds made in France, call'd rr- tie 'Diamonds, on Account of the Temple at 3^ra,

f' the beft of them are made, arc vaftly tliort of XeTenttin'e Ones ; accordingly they arc but lit* valued, t ' the Confumption thereof is pretty confidcrable for the Hahits of the Aftors on the Stage, iSc.

rijiMOND. The Diamond is ot confiderable Ufe in the riafs Manufacture, for fquaring the large Plates, or Pieces;

A among Glaziers, for cutting their Glafs. "Vliefc diamonds are differently fitted up. That ufed for T„„V'miJ-Glafies, and other largePieces, is fit in jjoKii'b, , n nt,„ure,

m an Iron Fer- I twolnches long, and a Quarter of an Inch Diameter. The Kind of Rule "a „f the Cavity of the Ferril is filled with melted Lead, ,h e ir Organs. rc, .1 Jceeps the Diamond firm in its Place. W The Glaziers have a Handle of Box, or Ebony, fitted into . Rrril t0 hold it by. In the former there is a little piece of Box croffing the Ferril, in Form of a little Plane cover 'd at Bottom with a thin Copper-Plate^

pente, Diateffaroit, Hexachord, znATetrachord, toex- prefs Fifths, 'Fourths, Thirds, and Sixths. Sec Oct Ave.

The Diapafon is the firft, and moil pcrfea of the Con- cords : If confidcr'd Simply, it is but one Harmonical In- terval ; fho' if confidcr'd Diatonically, by Tones and Se- mi-tones, it contains feven Degrees, viz. three greater Tones, two leffer Tones, and two greater Semi-tones. See Decree,,

The Interval of a Diapafon, that is, the Proportion of its grave Sound to its acute, is duplicate, that is, as s to 1. See Interval.,

Diapason, among the Mufical Inftrument-makers, is a

or Scale, whereby they adjuft the Pipes of

and cut the Holes of their Flutes, Haut-

Bois, c?c. in due Proportion, for performing the Tones,

Semi-tonss, and Concords juft.

A Square being divided into eight equal Parallelograms; the Points wherein a-Diagonal interfects all thefe Paralle- lograms, exprefs all the utual Intervals in Mufic : And on

Diamond, in Heraldry, is ufed to exprefs the black this Principfe it is, that the Diapafon is founded.

Colour in the Atchievcments of Noblemen. Gwillim There is a particular Kind of Diapafon for Trumpets;

diflikes the Way of Blazoning the Coats of Peers by ferving as a Standard, or Meafure, for the different Magni-

prccious Stones, inftead of Metals, or Colour. But Practice tudes, they mill have to perform the four Parts of allows it. See Colour.

.J—tf

Glass.

avement.

Diamond Glafs. Diamond 'Pavement. DIAMORUM, a Compofition in Pharmacy, Simple, or Compound. Simple Diamorum,

Mufic. See Trumpet

There is another for Sack-buts, and Serpets, /hewing how far they arc to be lengthen'd, or fhorten'd, to rift or fail either from one Tone or Interval to another.

The Bell-founders have likewife a Diapafon, or Scale, ferving to regulate the Size, Thicknefs, Weight, £SV. of their

Kind of compound Concord ; whereof there are two Sorts : The greater, which

the common Syrup of Mul- berries made of Mulberry- Juice, and Sugar. It is good Bells. - See 'Setf-FouNDERY. aeainfl Difeafcs of the Throat, and to Hop Dyffenteries. DIAPASONDIAEX, in Mufic, There is alfo a Sort of Simple Diamorum made of Mul- berry Juice and Honey, call'd alfo Mulberry Rob.

dmpotmd Diamorum is made with Mulberry Juice, Sapa Verjuice, Myrrh, and Saffron. It is ufed to deterge Phlegm from the Stomach, and Breaft, and eafe Refpi-

and the lefs, in that of

is in the Proportion of 10 to 3 : 16 to 5. See Concord.

DIAPASONDIAPENTE, in Mufic, a compound Con- fonance, in the Triple Ratio, or as 3 to 9. See Concord. The Diapafon-diapente is a Symphony made wnen the Voice proceeds from the ift to the 12th Tone.

The Word is properly a Term in the Greek Mufic : We ftiould now call it a Twelfth.

DIAPASON DIATESSARON, in Mufic, a compound Concord, founded on the Proportion ot 8 to 3.

The Diapajon-diatefjaron is a Symphony, wherein the Voice proceeds from its firft Tone to its eleventh. This the Moderns would rather call the Eleventh.

DIAPASOND1TONE, in Mufic, a Concord, whofe Terms are in the Proportion of 10 to 4, or 5 to 2.

DIAPASONSEMIDITONE, a Concord, whofe Terms 4 Ounces of Aqua fortis ; and pour a re in the Proportion of i:i to j.

DIAPEDES1S, in Medicine, an Eruption, or oozing of Blood through the Coats of the Veins, or Arteries; occa- fioned either by the Bloods becoming too much diffolved, or attenuated ; or by the Pores of the Veffels becoming too pa- tent, and open. See Blood.

There are fome able Phyficians who deny thete can be any fuch a Tenuity of Blood, as that it ihall exude thro' the Veffels, without any Apperture made therein.

The Word is compounded of JW, through ; and «. Ha, Heap.

DIAPENTE, in the ancient Mufic, an Interval making the Second of the Concords ; and with the Diatejfarou, an Oaave.

This is what in the modern Mufic we more ufually call a Fifth. See Fifth.

The Diapente is a fimple Concord ; yet if confidcr'd: Diatonically, it contains four Terms, two greater Tones, a leffer Tone, and a greater Semi-tone. The Diapente is the greateft Part of the Diapafon, or OSave, harmoni- cally divided. It is produced when the Voice paffes from, its firft Tone to its fifth.

Diapente, is alfo ufed in Pharmacy, for a Compound

ration. The Word is fotm'd from Morns, Mulberry. DIANA'S Tree, Arbor Diante, a very curious Pheno- menon in Chymiftry, being the juft Figure of a Tree with Branches, Leaves, Fruit, &c. mooting up in a Diflolution of Silver in an Acid Spirit. , ,

There arc divers Manners of procuring Diana s Tree ; but moft of them exceeding tedious, except the follow- ing one of Monfr. Homberg, which may be done in a Quarter of an Hours time. Take four Drachms of Fi- lings of fine Silver, with which make an Amalgama, without Heat, with two Drams of Quickfilver. the Amalgama in 4 Ounces of Aqua fortis ; the Solution into 3 Gallons of common Water ; ftir it about a while to mingle it well together ; and then keep it in a Glafs Veffcl well ftopp'd.

When you would make the Experiment take about an Ounce of it, and put it in a frnall Viol, wherein likewife put the Quantity of a fmall Pea of the ordinary Amal- esma of Gold, or Silver; which fliould be as foft as But- ter ; and fet the Viol at reft for 2 or 3 Minutes Imme- diately after this you will fee fcveral fmall Threads, or Fi- laments arifin? perpendicularly from the little Bulb ot the newly put in Amalgama, which will fenfibly grow, and thrall out, on the Sides, fmall Branches in Form of a Tree The Bulb, or Ball of the Ajnalgamx w ill grow hard, and be like a Pellet of white Earth ; and the little Tree of the Colour of bright Silver. . . A

The Form of this Metalline Tree may be varied almoft at Plcafure. The ftronger you make the firft defenbed Wa- ter, the thicker will the little Tree be m Branches, and the fooncr form'd. The fame Author fhews, how divers other Kinds of Trees may be produced by Cryftalhzation, and Digcftion. See Martis Arbor. ,.

DIANUCUM, in Pharmacy, a Kind of Rob, made ot the Juice of green Walnuts, and Sugar, boil A together t>y rf five feyeral DragSy or Ingredients.

a moderate Fire, to the Confittencc ot Honey.

It is good to ftrengthen the Stomach, promote Sweat, and refift Poifon.

The Word is form'd from Nux, huas; 2>ut.

DIAPALMA, in Pharmacy, a Deficcative, or drymg Plaftcr, denominated from the Wood of the Palm-Tree, wheftof the Spatula is made, that is to ftir it while boiling. -,,.

It is compofed of common Oil, Hogs-fat, and Li- tharge of Gold.

It is good to dry, refolve, deterge, and cicatrize : And See Transparency

The Word is form'd of J>i«, and n ; luceo, I thine.

DIAPHANEITY, in the Schools, the Quality of c tranfparent Body; or that which denominates

fuch.-

is the Platter moft ufed for Wounds, and Ulcers.

DIAPASMA, a common Name for all Perfumes applied on the Body, of what Form foever they be, whether Powders, Eflcnces, Pomatum's, or the like.

The Word comes from the Greek Ww rer. ...

DIAPASON, in Mufic, a Mufical Interval, by which moft Authors, who have wrote on the Theory ot Mate, ufe to exprefs the Octave of the Greeks ; as they ute Mia-

The Cartejians hold the Diaphaneity of a Body to co. fift in theReftitude of its Pores; that is, in their being iitu

right Lines; ib as that there is no interme

B, 3 _ — - , T. tjt>

diatc Subftance

to iva-

to prevent the'Paffage of the Rays. And hence argue, that

■ .allcable is an Impofl.bility : For af-

ible, its Pores will ceale to be fi

the rendring Glafs ma foon as it becomes malle;

mate direftly againft each other; and of Confequence it will lofe its Wajhoueity, the principal Ctara&» ot Glafs, Seo

Glass.

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