Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/552

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DEP

Departure, in Navigation, is the Eafting, or Wett- ing of a Ship, with refpecYto the Meridian it departed, or fai I'd from. See Meridian.

Or 'tis the Difference of Longitude, either Eaft or Weft, between the prcfent Meridian the Ship is under and that where the laft Reckoning, or Obfervation was made. See

Longitude. ,, , t-. ^_ a

This Deterture any where, but under theEquator, mult

be accounted 'according to the Number of Miles in a Degree

proper to the Parallel the Ship is under. See Mercators-

DEPHLEGMATED, inChjmiftry, an Epithet applied to Spirits that are well clear'd of Water, or Phlegm. See Spirit, and Phlecsi. .

To effect which, they reilify them, t.e. diftrl them over and over, till they be left quite pure. See Distillation, and Rectification.

DEPHIFGM.ATION, inChymiftry, is the Act cf puri- fying, or clearing a Fluid of its Phlegm, or Water.

This is perfqrm'd by diftilling the Spirit, or other Fluid over and over; by which means, the Spirituous Part all rife, and leaves the Phlegm, or Water behind. Wnen the Spirit is thusdifengag'd of all its Phlegm, or at leaft as much as it can be, it's call'd, a dephlegmated Stmt. See

rJEPH ATORT, or DEPILAT1VE, in Medicine, a Plafter, or Medicine, applied on any hairy Place, in order to bring off the Hair. See Hair. e -n~>

Depilatories arc principally compofed of Orp'ment, which is a verv cauftic, and even a dangerous Mineral. For Hairs growing on the Fore-head of a young Gin, 1 prefcribed the following Dropax, wDepilative Limmeat,

Tfe'Word 'is form'd of the Particle He, and TiUi,

DEPONENT, in the Latin Grammar, a Term applied to Verbs, which have Aftive Significations but Paffl-e .Ter- minations, or Conjugations, andwantoneoftheirPatticiples Paffive ■ As, Mnf, I threaten, which has for Participles, Minans, Mmatums, and Minatus, but no Mnandus, which Ihould be the Participle Paffive. See Verb

They are call'd Deponents, as having depejited, or laid a-fide their Paffive Signification. ;

DEPOPULATION, a Wafting, Pilling Deftroying, D.e- folating, or Unpeopling any Place. Cokes Infnt. 'Part III.

Hence; -Depopulatores Agrorum. Stat. 4. Henr. IV.

DEPORTATION, a Sort ofBanilhmcnt inUfe among the Romans whereby fome Ifland, or other Place was allot- cd a Criminal for the Place of his Abode, with a Prohibi- tion not to ftir out of the fame en Pain of Death. See Banishment. , ,_ ': . ,

Uliian makes this Difference between Deportation, and Relegation,- that the former confined the Party to one cer- tain Place for ever; whereas Relegation was frequently re- voked and allowed a little more Liberty. By Deporta- tion that Perfon loft the Rights of a Roman Citizen. See Relegation. . ; '■•.

DEPOSITION, in Law, a Teftnnony given in Court by a Witnefs upon Oath. In Chancery, Deposition is a Tcfti- rnony fct down in Writing, by Way of Anfwer to the In- terrogatories exhibited in Chancery, where fuch Witnefs is c3\Vd2Jej'0i2e7it. When fuch Witnefs is examm d in open Court, lie is firid to be e'xamin'd viva Voce.

Deposition is alfo ufed fcr the fequeiiring, or depriving a Perfon of his Dignity, and Office.

Delofition only 'differs from Abdication, m that the latter is fuppofed voluntary, and the Aft of the Dignitary, or Of- ficer himfelf ; and the former of Compulfion, being the Act of afuperior Power, whofc Authority extends thereto.

Some fay tneDepofltion, and fome the Abdication of Kir.g jama II. See Abdication.

The- Pope pretends to a Power of iepofing Kings. Gre- gory VII. vicaresffuredbyOmtpbrinsPavimuS, and Otho de Frijir.ga, was the firft, whoever attempted the Defqfi- tiott ofllings. .

Depoflticn does not differ from Deprivation : We lay in- differently a deposed, or deprived Bifhop, Official, iSc. See Deprivation.

Deposition differs from Sufpcnfion, in that it abfolutcly and for ever ftrips, or divefts aPrieft, iSc. of all Dignity, Office £S?c. whereas Sufpenfion only exhibits, or rettrains theExercife thereof. See^ Suspension.

Deposition only differs from Degradation, that the latter is more formal, and attended with a few more Circumftan- ces than the former : But in Effect and Subftance they are the fame - thofe additional Circumltances being only Matter of Shew, firft fet on foot out of Zeal, and Indigna- tion, and kept up by Cuftom, but not warranted by the Laws, or Canons. See Degradation.

DEPOSITORY, in Law, a Perfon entrufted as Keeper, or Guardian of any Thing. See Depost.

Ordinary Depofitories are not to warrant the thing left with them, in Cafe it be loft, orftolen. They are only to anfwer for a Fraud, or Breach of Faith, not for Neolioence. But a Neceffdry Depofitory, as an Inn-keeper, is'account- able for a Theft, or Robbery, if there have been any Ne-< gligence in the Cafe.

DEPOST, Depofuum, a Thing put in the Hands of an- other to be kept gratis. See Depository.

The Civilians divide zDepofltum into Simple, and Ju- diciary.

Judiciary, is that contefted between feveral P er - fons, and depoflted in the Hands of fome third Perfon, by Decree of a Judge.

Simple is either Voluntary, or Neceflary. Neceffkry is that done in Cafe of Hofiility, Shipwrack, Fire, &c.

Inn-holders are refponfable for the Baggage brought to them, as being a NeceffaryDepoft.

DEPRECATION, in Rhetoric, a Figure whereby the Orator invokes the Aid, or Affiftance of fome one ; or prays for fome great Evil, or Puniftiment to befal him who fpeaks falfely ; either himfelf, or his Adverfary.

DEPRECATIVE, in Theology, a Term only ufed in the Phrafe, Deprecative Form, which is applied with regard to the Manner of performing fome Ceremonies in the Form of prayer.

Among the Greehs, the Form of Abfolution is depreca- tive, being conceiv'd in thefe Terms, May God abfolve you; Whereas in the Latin, and even fome of the Reformed Churches, it is in the declarative Form, Iabfolve you.

DEPRESSION of Equation. See Equation.

Depression of the 'Pole : So many Degrees as you - fail, or travel towards the Zenith ; fo many you are faid to de- irrfhh.-Pole.becaufeitbecomevefpectively.fo much lower, iter to the Horizon. See Elevation of the Pole.

I ^PRESSOR, in Anatomy, a Name common to divers Mufcles, from their Office in Lowering, or bringing down the Parts they are faften'd to. See Muscle.

Depressor Lcbii fiiperhris, in Anatomy, a Mufcle call'd alio Conjiritlor AleNaJi. See Constrictor Ale

Na f<- ■ », n,, J

Depressor Labii inferions propnus, a Muffle placer!

between the Deprejfores Labiomm communes, on the Part

call'd tie Chin. "It appears to be but one Mufcle, afcending

w^th a twofold Order of flefhy Fibres, and terminating in the

lower Lip. Its Office is fhewn by its Name ; To let fall the

lower Lip.

Depressor Labiomm communis, by feme call dDepref- fir Labii fi/perioris, is common to both Lips. It an es with a broad Origin from the lower Margin of the under jaw by the Side of the Chin, and is inferted with a narrow Tail into each Lip near their Coalition; fcrving to draw them obliquely down.

Depressor Maxillie inferioris. See Dioastricus.

Depressor Ocllli, aPair ofMufcles fpringing from each Corner oftheEye, and anfwered by another of like Figure and Struflure in the lower Eye-lid. Thefe are often con- fider'd together by Anatomifts as one Orbicular Mufcle ; the Fibres' invironiiig the Eye-lids, and inferted into them, not unlike the Sphincters of other Parts.

DF.PRIMENS, inAnatomy. Sec Depressor.

DEPRIVATION, in the Canon Law, the Aft of berea- ving, divefting, or taking away a fpiritual Promotion, or Dignity : As when a Biihop, Vicar, Prebend, or the like, is denoted, or deprived of his Preferment for fome Matter, or Fault in Facf, or in Law.

Deprivation is of two Kinds ; ASeneficio, iS ab Of- ficio.

Deprivation a Seneficio, is when for fome great Crime, a Minifter is wholly, and for ever deprived of his Living, or Preferment : which differs from Sufpenfion, in that the latter is only a temporary Deprivation. See Sus- pension.

Deprivation ab Officio, is when a Minifter is forever deprived of his Orders ; Which is the fame in Reality, with what we orherwife caWDepofition, xndDegradarion ; and isufually for fome heinous Crime, deferving Death, andper- form'd by the Bifhop, in a folemn Manner. See Degra- dation.

DEPTH, in Geometry, (£c. See Altitude, Height, iSc.

Depth of a Squadron, or Battallion, is the Number of Men in a File ; which in a Squadron is three, and m a Battallion generally fix. Sec Sqjjadron, File, uc,

The Enemies Horfe were drawn up 5 deep.

DEPURATION, in Pharmacy, the fame as Clarifica- tion, or Pv.rificltion, viz. the purging a Body of all the Lees, Farces, and other crafs, coarfe, and excrementitious Parts' adhering therein. See Clarification, Purifi- cation, &c. ,

Fermentation ferves to depurate Liquors : Syrups, Juices, iSc. are depurated by'pafling them through the Jlfanica Ilippocratis, or Straining-Bag. See Filter, *--<••