Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/524

 C Y S

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C Z A

The Defign of the Inttitution was, to oppofe the Defcents and Irruptions of the Infideis in this Ifland : Accordingly, their Motto was Securitas Regni. See Sword.

CYRENAICI, a Se3 of antient Philofophers; (o called from their Chief, Ariftippus ° f Cyrene, a Difciple of So-

CY&tGS*

Their leading Tenet was, that Man was born for Plea- fure ; and that Venue is only fo far laudable, as it conduces

By Pleafure, they meant, not only a Privation from Pain and a Tranquillity of Mind like what Epicurus preach d up ■ but an Affemblage of all the pofitive Pleafures both of the Mind and the Senfes ; efpecially the laft.

Cicero makes frequent mention of Anftippus s School ; and fpeaks of it as if it yielded Debauchees.

Three Difciples of Anftippus, after his Death, divided the Scft into three Branches ; under which Divifion it lan- guiih'd and funk : the firft call'd the Hcgefiac School ; the fecond the Annicerian, and the third the Tbecdonan; from the Names of their Authors.

CYRTOMA, a Tumor in any Part of the Body. See

Tumor. ., . , , —

CYST-HEPATIC Villi, a Canal, by which the Torus Silarius difcharges part of its Bile into the Gall-Bladder. It was firft defcrib'd by Dr. Gtiffon, and long afterwards pre- tended to be difcovet'd by M. 'Perraull.

Verbayen, from the Courfe of the Bile, inverts the Name, and more properly calls it Bepatkyfticus. See Hepati-

CYSTICUS. .

CYSTIC, an Epithet given to two Arteries and two Veins in the Gall-Bladder. See Ghx.t.-'Bladder.

The Cfftic Arteries, or Cyftic<e Gemeltce, are two Bran- ches frorn the Online, beftow'd on the Gall-Bladder, and bringing Blood into the fame : The Cyftio Veins return the Remains of this Blood into the Vena Torta. See Porta.

Cvstics, are Medicines againft Diftempers in the Blad- der. See Litiiontriptics.

CYSTICUS Meatus, a Bilary Duft, about the bignels

of a Goofe's Quill ;

Dofe's Quill ; join'd to the Meatus Hepaticus, af about two Inches diftance from the Gall-Bladdet ; the two togethei forming the 'DuBus Communis. See Ductus Com- munis.

CYSTIS, the fame with Vefica, or Madder. See Ve- sica, and Bladder.

The Word is Greek, wVk.

Cystis Cboledocba, the fame with Folliculus Rllis. See Foixiculus.

CYTHARA, an antient Mufical Inftrument, by feme fuppofed the fame with the Lyra ; at leaft, a particular Spe- cies of the Lyra; by others different : Tho its precife Struc- ture does not appear. See Lyre.

The Antients defcribe it as triangular, in form of a Greek Delta, A .' The Poets afcribe the Invention to Apollo.

CYZICENES, Cyzicena, among the antient Greeks, were a fort of magnificent Banquetting-Houfes, always expos'd to the North, and ufually opening upon Gardens.

They had their Name from Cyzieus, a City very consi- derable for the Grandeur of its Buildings; fituate in anlfland of the fropontis of the fame Name.

Thefe Cyzicenes were among the Greeks, what the Tri- clinia and Cxnacula were among the Romans.

CZAR, a Title of Honour, aflum'd by the Grand-Dukes, or, as they are now flyl'd, Emperors, of RuJJia.

The Narives pronounce it Tzar, or Zaar ; and this, by Corruption, from Cefar, Emperor : they pretending to be defcended from Auguftus ; and accordingly bearing the Ea- gle as a Symbol ot their Empire. See Cesar.

The firft who bore the Title of Czar, was Sajil, Son of Bafilides, who freed his Country from its Subjeflion to the Tartars, and firft let it on its prefent Footing, about the Year 1470. 4

M. Sperlingius, in his Differtation on the Majefty of the Name Konning, obferves, that the Ruffian Princes never bore the Name of Czar, till their People had embrae'd the Greek Faith : before that Time, he fays, they were called Konger, King.

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