Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/488

 COR

The Corrections are plac'd on the Mai-gin of each Page, tight againft the Line where the Faults are found. There are different Chafers us'd to exprefs different CorreBions, v g 2> or & dele, for any thing to be effaced, or left out. When any thing is to be inferred, the Place is mark d in the Line with a Caret A and the Infertion added in the Margin. When a Word, Syllable, g&r. is to be alter d, tis eras'd out of the Proof, and that to come in its room written in the Margin ; always obferving, if there be ieve- ral in the fame Line, that they be feparated by little Bars or Strokes, I. If a Space be omitted, its Place is mark d with a Caret, and the Thing exprefs'd on the Margin w 'th )&C • ^ a Letter k e inverted, 'tis exprefs'd on the Margin with J. If any thing be tranfpos'd, 'tis mark'd thus ; TbeJborte$\ *re ihef foms) befl 5 for, The jbortefb Follies are the befl .- and in the Margin is added tr in a Cir- cle. If Roman Characters are to be chang'd for Italic, or viae verfa, a Line is drawn under them thus, and Rom. or Ital. added in the Margin. See Composition.

Correction, in Rhetorick, a Figure, whereby a Perfon in a Paffion fearing he has not exprefs'd a thing fully, or flrongly enough, calls it back again, as it were, by a Stronger Phrale, and corrects the Error. See Figure.

Thm Cicero pro Celio ; O Jiultitia ! flultitiam ne dicam On impndentiam fingiilarem. Folly I Folly do I call it, or rather Impudence. And in the firft Catilinarian 5 gHian- qitam, quid loquor : re, tit ulla res frangat 5 Hi, tit unquara te corrigas ; tu, tit tillam fugam mediteris. Thus Terence, in the Hcautontimorumenos : Filium unicum adolefcentulum habeo : Ah .' quid dixi, habere me 5 imp, habui Chreme 5 nunc habeam necne incertum eji.

Correction, in Pharmacy, the Preparation of a Medi- cine, in order to moderate and qualify the too great Vio- lence of its Action 5 as when Glafs of Antimony is calcin'd with a little Salt-petre ; or, to prevent its giving the Gripes, when Salt of Tartar is diffolv'd in an Infufion of Senna. Hence,

CORRECTORS, in Medicine, fuch Ingredients in a Compofition as guard againft, or abate the Force of others.

Thus, the Lixivious Salts prevent the grievous Vellica- rions of Refinous Purges, by dividing their Particles, and preventing their Adhefions to the inteitinal Membranes, whereby they fomctimes occafion intolerable Gripings ; And thus Spices, and carminative Seeds alfo, affift in the eafier Operation of fome Cathartics, by diffipating Collections of Wind.

In the making a Medicine, likewife, fuch Things are called Correctors, as deftroy or diminiSh a Quality in it that could not otherwife difpens'd with : Thus, Turpentine may be called the Corrector of Quicksilver, by deflroying its Fluxiiity, and making it thereby capable of Mixture ; and thus rectified Spirit of Wine breaks off the Points of fome Acids, fo as to make them become fafe and good Remedies, which before were destructive.

CORRELATIVE, fomething oppos'd to another in any certain Relation. See Relative.

Thus, the Father and the Son are two Correlatives ; Wa- ter e> Filius Jibi mutno respondent. Light and Darknefs, Motion and Rett, are correlative, and oppofite Terms.

CORRIDOR, in Fortification, a Road or Way along the Edge of the Ditch, withoutfide ; incompafling the whole Fortification. See Ditch.

It is alfo called the Covert way 5 becaufe cover'd with a Glacis,- or Efplanade, ferving it as a Parapet. See Covert Way. „The Corridor is ordinarily about 20 Yards broad. The Word comes from the Italian Coridore, or the Spa- nish Coridor.

Corripor is alfo ufed in Architecture for a Gallery, or long iSle, around a Building, leading to feveral Chambers at a diilance from each other.

CORRIVAL, a Relative Term, Signifying, originally, a Perfon who drew Water from the fame Source or Spring with another ; by means of fome common Canal, which carried it to both their Lands ; and which prov'd the Occafion of frequent Difputes,

Hence the Word came to be ufed for thofe who have the fame Pretentions; whether to Glory, to Love, or the like : but ufe has abridg'd the Word ; and we now both write and pronounce Rival.

CORROBORATIVE, in Medicine, any thing that in- creases the Strength, or gives a new Force. See Strength- ner.

The Word is likewife frequently apply'd to fuch Medicines as are of ufe in particular Weaknefles ; as the Fluor AWus, Gonorrheas, £-?c. Such are Terebinths, &c. All Cardiacs are Corroborative. See Cardiac. CORROSION, the Action of corroding, or gnawing away, by little and little, the Continuity of the Parts of Bodies.

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COR

Thus, Acids corrode mofl Natural Bodies 5 and A r

only kills, becaufe it corrodes the Bowels with its fh C

pointed Particles. See Arsenic, Poison, ££<* M P»

tural Philofophy 5 where it (rands for a particular Species f DiiTolution, either by an Acid, or a faline Menltruilm c Dissolution.

What Corrofion has peculiar to it, is, that 'tis moftly d Slgn'd for the Refolution of Bodies the molt flronoly co

ru um. S ce

de- atn-

ploy'd require an uncommon Moment, or Force.

pacted, as Bones and Metals ; fo that the Menftruunis

Now the Corrofive Liquors, whether acid or urinous nothing but Salts diffolv'd in a little Phlegm : Thereto/ 2 thefe being folid, and confequently containing a confiderab^ quantity of Matter, do both attract one another the m 0re e and are alfo more attracted by the Particles of the Eodv' which is to be dilTolv'd. And as their Attractions at equal Diftances are proportional to their Bulks, ceteris paribus- f when the more folid Bodies are put into faline Menflru urtls the Attraction is flronger than other Solutions ; and the Motion, which is always proportional to the Attraction, more violent. See Attraction.

Hence we eafily conceive how they mould drive thofc Salts, like fo many Darts, into the Pores of the Bodies, and open and loofen the Cohefion of them, tho ever fo firm See Acid.

Again, we know, the more minute the Particles of the Menilruum are, the fooner they penetrate, and with the greater Force : The Motion produe'd by Attraction, being always greateft in the ieait Corpufcles, next to nothing in the large ones.

Add to this another advantage gain'd by this minutenefs of the Particles, viz. that they approach nearer the Body to be diffolv'd ; without which, the attractive Force wou'd be infenfible. Hence, thofe very Salts, which diffolv'd in Water will hardly touch Metals, if once turn'd into acid Spirits, eaSily penetrate : For in DiStillation, not only a greater Quantity of Water remains, but the faline Bodies are fo minutely broken, and divided by the Fire, as ro make them more readily capable of being mov'd by an attractive Forcej and therefore fuch a diflill'd Menflruum is much more effi- cacious than any Solution of Salt made with Water. See Menstruum.

CORRUGATOR Supercilii, or CORRUGENT Muf- cle, a Mufcle arising from the great Canthus of the Orbit of the Eye, and terminating in the Skin about the middle of the Eyebrows. See Eyebrows.

Some reckon this Mufcle only a Prolongation of the Fron- tales. Its Name declares its Ufe 5 being form'd of Cotiaxtd Rugo, to wrinkle up, and knit the Brows. .

CORRUGENT Mufcle, the fame as Corrugator Super- cilii. See Corrugator.

CORRQPTICOL^, a Sect of antient Hereticks, who arofe out of the Butycheans in Egypt, about the Year 531, under their Chief, Severus, the pretended Patriarch of Ale- xandria.

Their diftinguifhing Doctrine, whence they deriv'd their Name, was, that the Body of Jefus Chrift was corruptible; that the Father had own'd it j and that to deny it was to deny the Truth of our Saviour's Paffion.

On the other hand, Julian of HaUcamaffeus, another Eutychean, a Refugee as well as Severus, in Alexandria, maintain'd that the Body of Jefus Chrift had been always Incorruptible ; that to fay it was Corruptible, was to make a Distinction between Jefus Chrift and the Word, and by confequence to make two Natures in Jefus Chrift.

The People of Alexandria were divided between the two Opinions 5 and the Partifans of Severus were called Corrup- ticolee, q. d. Worfhipers of fomething Corruptible ; Some- times they were denominated Corrupt 1 biles 5 and the Adhe- rents of Julian Incorruptibiles, or 'Phantafzafles.

The Clergy and Secular Powers favour'd the firft 5 the Monks and the People the latter.

CORRUPTION, the Extinftion of any thing 5 or the Action whereby it ceafes to be what it was.

Thus, Wood is faid to be corrupted, when we don't fee it remain Wood any longer, but find Fire in its Stead. And thus the Egg is corrupted, when it ceafes to be an Egg, auo we find a Chicken in its room.

Hence that Axiom in Philofophy, The Corruption of one thing is the Generation of another.

Corruption, in effect, differs from Generation, as two Con- traries differ from each other. See Generation.

It differs from Alteration as the Lefs from a Greater, or a Part from the Whole -, a Thing being faid to be altera, when it is not fo far chang'd but it may be known, and flili keeps its old Name 5 both which it lofes by Corruption. See Alteration.

But, as in Generation, nothing of Matter is produced that did not before exift 5 fo in Corruption, nothing more is Ion. than that particular Modification which was its Form, a^d made it to be of fuch a Species. See Form. _,