Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/485

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as the Fire admirably : The largeft Pieces found Doric it has a rw»« ,„;.i, „ r-n,. ,.

7biM, Sohemia, an,

To give the ' e Stones the greater Luftre, in fetting them , ] a y a piece of Silver Leaf underneath. ' The principal ufe made of Cornelians is in Seals; by rea- fon they grave well, and take a fine polifh. The Author of jL Book ufually but falfely attributed to Alhenus Magnus, rives the Cornelian Vittues which, were they real, would ^e it ineftimable. See Agat.

"' The Cornelian is othcrwife call'd Carneola and Corneola : T l ie itefcJ call it Comiolos; 'tis faid from Cores, Horn; account of the refemblance it bears to Horn.

COK.NET, a Horn, or Mufical Inftrument us'd by the indents in their Wars. See Musick.

figetius informs us, that the Legions had Trumpets, Cor- nets, and Buccinx : that when the Cornets founded, only theEniigns regarded 5 none of the Soldiers: that when the jjnfigns wete to march alone without the Soldiers, the Comet alone was founded : as, on the contrary, when the Soldiers w cre to move without the Enfigns, the Trumpets alone wete founded : That the Cornets zndBuccime founded the Charge ami Retreat; and the Cornels and Trumpets during the Courfe of the Battle.

Cornet, in War, an Officer in the Cavalry, who bears the Enfign or Colours of the Company. See Ensign.

The Cornet is the third Officer in the Company, and commands in the Abfence of the Captain and Lieutenant. He takes his Title from his Enfign which is fquare, and is fuppofed to be call'd by that Name, from Corntl 5 becaufe placed on the Wings, which form a kind of Points or Horns of the Army.

Others derive the Name from Coronet; it being the an- tient Cuftom for thefe Officers to wear Coronets or Garlands on their Heads.

CORNICHE, or CORNICE, in Architcflure, the up- permofl Member of the Entablature of a Column • or that which crowns the Order. See Entablature, Crown- ing, &c.

The Cornice is the third grand Divifion of the Trabeation, commencing from the Frize and ending with the Cymatium!

The Word is form'd from the Latin Coronis, a Crowning. ' The Cornice is different in the different Orders : In the fllfaa Order it is the moft plain. Vignola makes it to con- fift of an Ovum or Quarter-round, an Aftragal or Bapuette, tie Regret or Fillet, the Larmier, and the Talon? See Tuscan.

In the Doric, he makes Capitals of the Triglyphs of the Frize with their Bandilettes, a Talon, Mutules or Dentils, aLarmiet with its Giitta underneath, a Talon, Fillet, Cavetto, andReglet. See Doric.

In the Ionic, the Members are in moft refpects the fame asin the Doric; except that they are frequently enrich'd with carving, and there are always Dentils. See Ionic.

In the Compofite there are Dentils; its Mouldings are carv'd, and there are Channels under the Soffit. See Com- posite.

The Corinthian Cornice is the ticheft; and is diftinguifh'd ty having .both Modillions and Dentils: contrary to the Opinion of Vitrimius, who looks on thofe two Ornaments as incompatible; and of M. le Clerc, who regards the Dentils as peculiar to the Ionic. See Modillion, Den-
 * tt.{fe fee alfo Order.

for the Heights and, Pro\eBures of the Cornices in the Kreral Orders; Goldman makes the Heightof the lufeaa i" M its Projecture z\ Modules : The Height of the Done '!'■ "s Projefture 2-i; Height of the Ionic i±, its Projecture Ji™* of the Compofite ii, Proicfture 2"; Height of
 * G>rmhian i\, Projeaure 2 fi.

Maf 0RtlICE " ufed in the g eneral for a " little Projeflures of "My or Joinery; even where there are no Columns.

inns, we fay, t i, e Cornice of a Chimney, a Buffet, %£c. tU a 1 r - me Cornice, is that immediately contiguous to

'9mnt A ei Gobnice > is that wn - 0,e Projeflure is cut or in- flnk', j '!°, the ri g nt of the Larmier, or reduced into a ™">and with a Cimaife.
 * 1) 7 Te; the Frize bein § rctraKh 'd-

C*' r Cornice, a Term ufed by the frntce that has Cantalivers underneath it.

N°m on Cornice, S "Mon llLlON . '

o r & Cor nice, a Cornice which ha:

fafs q° W '," " > ordinarily lathed and plaifter'd upon Com-

1 ^ "P'ockets, or Brackets. t

l'EDt!!!'. C _ E is alfo ufe<1 for th e Crownings of Pedeftals. See

a Cornice with Modillio

Workmen See Can-

s under it.

great Cafemcnt

.," EST At.


 * = ruth,'"'""' '"?' h d »ffarent in the different Orders : In

which 4r Z' accordm S t0 M - -Pcrrault, it has a Platband

s as a corona, and a Cavetto with its Fillet : In the

Cymatmm under the Corona, which it hollows 1 Drip, a Corona, and an Ogee with its Fillet : Laftlv in thc- Compfite, a Fillet with a Sweep over the Die, an Attraaal Cyma with its Fillet, Corona, and Ogee with its Fill ct. %,', each in its •Place. M

Cornice Ring of a Piece of Ordnance, [is that which hes next the Trunnion Ring; or next from the Muzzle King backwarks. See Ordnance.

CORNICULARIS 'Procerus, rhe Procefs or Knob of the Shoulder Bone; thus call'd, as refembling the Figure of a Crow s Beak.

CORNICULARITJS, in Antiquity, an Officer in the Roman Army.

His Bufinefs was to aid and affift the Military Tribune in theexercife of his Poft, in quality of Lieutenant.

The Cormcularii went the Rounds in lieu of the Tribune yifited the Watch, and were nearly what the Aids Major are in the French Army.

The Name Comicularius was given 'em from a little Horn, called Comiatlum, which they ufed in giving Orders to the Soldiers : Tho Salmafius derives it from Cornictllllm, the Creft of an Headpiece; it being an Obfervation of Pliny, that they wore Iron or Brafs Horns on their Helmets • and that thele were call'd Cornicula.

In the Notitia Imperii, we find a kind of Secretary or Regifter of the fame Name; his Bufinefs was to attend the Judge, and to enter down his Sentences and Decifions.

The Criticks derive the Word, in this Senfe, from Corni- culum, a little Horn to put Ink in.

CORNICULATE 'Plants, are fuch as after they have blown into Flower, produce many diftinct and horned Pods, or Seed-Veffels, called Silimue; For which Reafon, the Plants are alfo denominated filiqitous 'Plants. See Siliqjjous. Such are the Scdum or Sempervivam, 'Telephium, funcus Floridus, Hellehortts niger, Pceonia, Caltha Paluflhs, Al- thtea Lntca, &c. See Plant.

CORNU Ammonis, in Natural Hiftory, an extraordinary kind of Stone, which in Vinegar, Juice of Lemons, iyc. has a Motion like that of an Animal. See Stone.

'Tis rough, knotty, of an Afh-colour, and crooked in man- ner of a Ram's-horn fuch as rhofe wherewith the Antients represented Jupiter Amman; whence its Name.

'Tis difputed among Naturalifts, whether it be, a Fofiil, or a Nautilus, or a Rock-Plant. Camerariv.s maintains the firft, urging that 'tis frequently dug out of the Tops of Moun- tains; and that 'tis feldom found near the Sea-fliore.

Dr. Woodward afferts it a Shell, and of the Number of the Nautili, form'd in the Sea, and carried thence by the Waters of the Deluge into the Countries whence 'tis dug. He argues, that if it be rarely found on the Sea-Coafts, 'tis becaufe Shells and other Bodies faften'd to the bottom of the Sea, as moft Kinds of the Cormta Ammonis muftbe, are only to be tore thence and driven alhore by Tempefts : but the moft violent Tempefls never move the Bottom of the Sea, as the Divers have put paft doubt; fo that 'tis no won- der if none of the Cormta be thrown up .- But in the over- turning of the Earth by the Deluge, thefe, with a thoufand more Produflions of the Sea, might be thrown from the bottom of the Waters to the Places where they are now found. See Shell.

The CormtaAmmonis areof different thicknefles and lengths • fome of 'em weigh about three Pounds. It is found in fe- veral Places in Germany. From fome Experiments that have been made therewith, it's found to contain a little quan- tity of Gold; which finks to the bottom upon pounding it fmall, and ftirring it in a running Water, till all the earthy Parts were carried off.

' The Stone call'd Cormt Ammonis is frequent in the Clay ' wherein the Trochites and Entrochi ate found : The lar- geft I have is feven Inches in length, and four in circum- ' ference at the big End, and two and a half at the finallerj ' the Tip being broke off. Tracing its Origin, I find fome ' of the firft Buddings out of it about the bignels of a younp ' Cock's Spur, and very much like it : I have foine in raw ' generally become at laft a whitifh Spar, and fome milk- ' white, as fome of the Trochites are.' See Trochitjs. ' There are of all intetmediate Proportions between thefe two; tho very few of any bignefs are to be found entire, but all broken and imperfecc'Pieces. The Texture of the Stone is thus : Some have a molly Spar in their infides, which takes up three Parts of the Stone; then from the fliarp top there grows thin flat Cells, or fmall Pipes of Spar let edgewife one clofe to the other, which flioot towards the broad End, and appear outwardly like fmall Ridges or Seams. There are likewife Rings running round it, tend- ing in their growth towards the bread End, as in a Ram's Horn. Moft of the leffer Stones have very little moffy Q_q q q ' Spar
 * Clay 5 and one growing of a white cawky Stone. They