Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/477

 VERT, a

CON

Perfon who has undergone

( 3 21 )

Converjion. CONVOCATION,

CON

a National Synod, or general At

r Conversion. fembly of .'the Clergy ; rummon'd by'' the' KinaV Writ «o

S eC > is chiefly nred in refpect of Changes from one ccnfu.lt of the more weighty Affairs of the Church, as of; as a

Csiivcrl Religion"

<lc nom;n3 tea ^/ J
 * ' W ', Jj Apoflates, with regard to that the;

Religious Sect to another.

m relation to the Religion turn'd to; are have relin-.

See

See Apostate. r/ e ws formerly converted to ChrifHanty in England,

'■ ' * -rfos. Henry III. built 'cm a Houfe in

'd 'em a competent Subiillence for their The

t

an

d alio

£°" '!'whkh Houfe was called 1)omtis Converforum.

Uumb'er a

Cro»"

naltai"


 * l0 n which rhey were dillributed among the Mo-

hey grew a Burden to the Mo- Ed-

,nd after the Expulfion of the Jews under

If the 1)omus Converforum was given f

t Rolls'. See Rolls.

Tonverts, in a Monaflick Senfe, are Lay-Friers, or Sro-

', admitted for the Setvice ol the Houfe ; without Or-

fr 'and not allowed to ling in the Choir. Sec Lav.

Till the Xlth Century, the Word was us'd for Perfons

, embrae'd the Monkilh Life at the Age of Difcrction ,

? w hich they were dillinguifh'd from thofe devoted in their

rtildhood by their Parents, call'd Oblati. See Oblati.

gur in the Xlth Century, when they began to receive ■ wjMonafteries illiterate Perfons, incapable of being Clerks, n J nly dcllin'd for Bodily Labour ; the Signification of ,ip Word was chang'd. F. Mabillon obferves, that it was rfykn firft Abbot of Fallombrofa, who firft introdue'd thefe Brothers-Converts, diftinguiiti'd by their State from rhe

Parliament is convok'd to confult of thofe of the State. Synod, Clergy, i$c.

The King's Writ is directed to rhe Archbifhop of each Province, requiring him ro fummon all Bilhops, Deans Archdeacons, Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, fee.

Upon which, rhe ArchbiJhop directs his Mandare to his Dean Provincial, firft citing him peremptorily ; then willing him, in like manner, to cite all the Bifhops, Deans, tie. and all the Clergy of his Province ; but directing, withal, that one Proflor fenr for each Cathedral and Collegiate Church; _ and two for the Body of the inferior Clergy of each Diocefs for keeping of may fuffice : Which the Dean accordingly does.

The Place where the Convocation of the Province of Can- terbury has been ufually held is St. 'Paul's Church ; whence, of late, they have been prorogu'd to St. 'Peter's in Wejlmin- Jler, in the Chapel of Henry VII. or the Jerufatem-Cbam- ler, were there is an upper and lower Houfe.

The higher Houfe, in the Province of Canterbury, coh- fifls of 22 Bifhops, whereof the Archbifhop is Prefident ; all, at the opening of a Convocation, in their fcarlet Robes and Hoods.

The lower Houfe conlifls of 22 Deans, 24 Prebendaries, 54. Archdeacons, and 44 Clerks, reprefenting the Diocefan Clergy.

Things are firft ufually propos'd in rhe upper Houfe ; then communicated to the lower. All the Members of both Monks ol the Choir, who were then either Clerks, or capa- Houfes have the fame Privileges for themfelves and menial jle of becoming fo. Servants as the Members of Parliament have. See Parlia-

CONVEX. "J rCONVEXITY. MENT.

Convex Mirror.C See JMirror. The Archbifhop of Tork, at the fame Time, holds a Con-

Convex Lens. 3 (Lens. vocation of the Clergy of his Province, after the like man-

CONVEXITY, the exterior Surface of a Convex, i. e. a ner, at Tork ; and, by conftant correfpondence, debates and

gibbons and globular Thing; in opposition t •) Concavity, or the concludes of the fame Matters as are debated by rhat of

inner Surface, which is hollow or deprefs'd. See Concavity. Canterbury. Not that the Northern Province is oblig'd to

The Word is of particular import in Catoptricks andDiop- follow what the Southern one does. See Prolocutor. tricks; where 'tis apply'd to Mirrors and Lenfes. See Mir- The Eugli/b Clergy, antiently, had their Reprefentatives j,or, and Lens. in the lower Houfe of Parliament ; as appears by the Re-

^Convex Mirror reprefents its Images fmaller than the cord much priz'd by my Lord Coke. Objects ; as a concave one reprefents. 'em larger : A convex CONVOLUTION, a winding or turning Motion, proper Minor reflects rhe Rays from ir, diverging ; and therefore to the Trunks of feme Plants ; as the Convolvultf, or Bind- difperfes and weakens their Effect : as a concave one reflects weeds, and the Clafpers of Vines, and Briony. them converging ; fo as they concur in a Point, and have Dr. Grew thinks, that all thofe Plants whofe Roots are tbeir Effect increas'd ; and by how much the Mirror is a twifted, have fuch a Convolution : and he afligns two great Portion of a fmaller Sphere, by fo much does it diminifh the efficient Caufes of this winding Motion, the°Sun and the Objects, and difperfe the Rays rhe more. See Mirror. Moon.

A Convex Lens is either convex on both fides, called a It is very eafy to try whether there be any fuch Convolll- Cmvexo-Convex ; or 'tis plain on one Side and convex on the tion or not in the Trunks of Plants ; which may be done, as

he hints, by tying a little bir of Paper to any of the Bran- ches which are exactly North, South, &c. and then feeing whether it will change its Pofition or not, in refpect of the Point of the Compafs.

CONVOY", Efcort, a Sea Term, Signifying one or more Veffels of War, intrufted with the Conducting of a Fleet of Merchanrs ; ferving as a Warch, and a Shelter from the In- fults of the Enemies of the State, or of Pirates. See Escort, and Conserve.

The Word is alfo ufed in fpeaking of Military Affairs by Land ; where it Signifies a Body of Forces fent to guard a Supply of Provifions, Arms, Ammunition, or the like, go- ing to a Camp, or the like.

CONUSANCE.? „ 5 Cognisance. CONUSOR. S a dCocNisoR. CONVULSION, Spafinus, in Medicine, a continued in- voluntary Contraction of feme Parrs of the Body otherwife accuftom'd to move according to the Direction of the Will- See Spasmus.

other, called a Piano-Convex : or concave on one fide and cmvex on rhe other, called a Convexo-Concave, or Concavo- Convex, as the one or the other Surface prevails ; /'. e. as this or that is a Portion of a fmaller Sphere.

All Convex Lenfes inflect the Rays of Light in their Paf- fage, i. e. fend them out from their convex Surface converg- ing; fo as that they concur in a Point, or Focus. See Con- vergent.

Hence, all Convex Lenfes magnify, i. e. reprefent their Images larger than their Objects ; and rhis the more, as they are Portions of fmaller Spheres. See Lens, Refrac- tion, Eife.

CONVEYANCE, in Law, a Deed, or Inftrument, by which Lands, H?c. are convey d, or made over by the Pro- prietor, or Owner thereof, ro feme other Perfon. Sec Deed.

CONVICT, in Common Law, is one that is found guilty of an Offence, by the Verdict of a Jury. See Criminal, Verdict, tfc.

According to Cromfton, a Perlbn is alfo a Convict, or laid

t0 be convicted, when, after having been outlawed, he ap- pears and confeffes. See Outlawry.

Conviction and Attainder are frequently confounded. See Attainder, and Attainted.

' ^a° nv '^ ^- ecu fttnt, is he who has been legally prefented, 'b p ^' an( * c °nvict for refuting to come to Church to hear '-J. Common Prayer, according to the Statutes 1 and 23 % >"d 3 Jae.i '

A 01s is commonly underftood to be a Popifh Recufant 5

It owes its Origin to a Contraction of the Mufcles of the Part, occafirn'd by a too copious and violent influx of the nervous Juice : Of thefe may be infinite Caufes in the Blood, Arteries, Meninges, Brain, Nerves, Mufcles, Cranium, l$c. See Contraction.

If the Convulfzon be univerfal, attended with violent Mo- tions, foaming at the Mouth, and periodical 5 it is ufually called the Epilepjy. See Epilepsy.

The ufual Evacuations and Medicines proper for the Cure any others that refufe coming to Church on the fame of Convuljiom^ are Phlebotomy ; Emeticks, Catharticks, Efif-

°unt are as properly denominated Rccufants. See Re

cusant.

CONVICTION, in Theology, the firft degree of Repen-

^"^5 wherein rhe Sinner becomes fenfible of his Guilt, of

c evil Nature of Sin, and the danger of his own ways.

p^PENTANCE.

La R VIVIUM, Banquet, in our anticnt Cuftoms and

w-Kooks, fignifies the fame Thing among the Laity, as

obli % rat. 10 amon g the Clergy ; viz. when the Tenant is

fo ?. ' ln vi "ue of his Tenure, to provide Meat and Drink

s ^ord once or oftner in rhe Year.

fiajlicks, and proper CephalicH j as Sal. Volat. Oleof Sprit of Lavender, Spirit of Hartjhom, 'TinBtire oj 'Cfiflor, Cin- nahar of Antimony^ Cajftmnnor Root, Valerian Root, Vo- latile Salt of Anther, Sec. given in different forms.

In periodical univerfal Convulfions, a Salivation fometimes anfwers, after other Courfes have faiPd.

Women and Children are particularly liable to Convul- fions : Women after Delivery ; as upon a Stoppage of the Lochia, or a violent Extraction of the 'Placenta. See Con- vulsive.

CONVULSIVE, in Medicine, is applied to thofe Mo- tions which, naturally, fhould depend on the Will 5 but which, by fome external Caufe, become involuntary.

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