Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/455

 CON

( 3 OT )

CON

made of fmall Fruits, or Grains, little Pieces of Bark, or and to give 'em Abfolution. The Church calls him in Ld-

odoriferous and aromatick Roots, $$c. incruitated and cover' d tin Confeffarius, to diftinguifh him from Confeffor, which

ov cr with a very hard Sugar, ordinarily very white. is a Name confecrated to Saints.

Of thefe there are various Kinds, diftinguifh'd by various The Confeffors of the Kings of France, from the Time

Vamcs : Some made of Rasberries, others of Barberries, of Henry IV. have been conftantly Jefuirs : before him, the

Melon- Seeds, Piftachoes, Filberds, Almonds, Cinnamon, ^Dominicans and Cordeliers? ihar'd- the Office between the

Orange Peel, Corianders, Anifeed, Carroways, S$c.

CONFEDERACY, an Alliance or League between di- vers Princes and States. See League and Alliance.

Confederacy, in Law, is when two or more Perfons combine to do any damage to another, or to commit any

unlaw* 11 ' Aft. Confederacy is punifhable, tho nothing be put in execu-

The Confeffors of the Houfe of Auft'ria have alio, ordinarily, been Dominicans and Cordeliers, but the laft Emperors have all taken Jefuits.

CONFIGURATION, the exterior Surface, that bounds Bodies, and gives 'em their particular Figure. See Figure-

That which makes the fpeciflck Difference between Eo- dics, is the different Configuration, and the different Situa-

i : but then it mull have thefe four incidents ; iff, that tion of their Parts. See Body.

it be declared by fome matter of Profecution; as by making A fhort, or a long Sight, depend on the different Configu-

of Bonds or Pro'mifes to one another : li, that it be malici- ration of the Cryllalline. See Crystalline, Sight, i$c.

ous, as for unjuft Revenge : 3d, that it be falfe, i. e. againft Configuration, or AffeS of tbeVlanets, in Allrology,

the'lnnocent : and laftly, that it be out of Court, voluntary, is a certain Diftance, or Situation of the Planets in the Tjo-

CONFESSION, in a Civil Senfe, a Declaration, or Ac- diack, whereby they are fuppos'd to aid, or oppole each

knowledgment of fome Truth, tho againft the Intcreft of other. See Aspect.

the Party who makes it ; whether it b'e in a Court of Jullice CONFIRMATION, the Aft of ratifying, or rendering a

or out of it.

'Tis a Maxim, that in Civil Matters the Confeffion is ne- ver to be divided ; but always taken entire. A Ctiminal is never condemn'd on his fimple Confeffion, without other collateral Proofs : nor is a voluntary extrajudicial ConfeJJion admitted as any Proof. A Perfon is not admitted to accufe himfelf, according to that Rule in Law, non attditur perire isolens.

Title, Claim, Pretention, Report, or the like, more hire and indifputable.

Confirmation, in Law, is particularly ufed for the firengrhning or homologating an Eftate of one already in peffeffion of it by a voidable Title.

Thus, if a Biiliop grant his Chancellorfhip by Patent, for term of the Patentee's Life ; this is no void Grant : yet is it voidable by the Bifhop's Death, except it be ilrengthen'd

Confession, in a Theological Senfe, is a Declaration of by the Dean and Chapter's Confirmation.

„ Perfon's Sins, made to a Prieft, in order to obtain Abfolu- tion for the fame. See Absolution.

The Rcmifb Church makes Confeffion a part of the Sa- crament of Penance. See Penance.

Cmfiffi n was antiently publick and general, in the Face of the Church ; tho the Romanifts have fince alter'd it, and made it private, and auricular.

Confirmation, in Rhctorick, is the third Part of an Oration, wherein the Orator undertakes to prove, by Laws, Reafons, Authorities, and other means, the Truth of tho Propofitions advane'd in his Narration. See Oration.

Confirmation is either dinB, or indirect; the firft con- firms what the Orator has to urge for ftrengthning his own Caufe : the fecond, properly call'd Confutation, refels the

Confc'lfions are to be buried in eternal filence, under Pain oppofite arguing of the Adverfanes. See Confutation

of the laft Punilhment to the Prieft who 'reveals 'em. The two Parts together arc fometimes placed under the

Sellarmin Vtlentia, and fome other Romtfb Controverfy- itead or Title of Contention. See Contention.

Writers endeavour to trace up auricular Confeffion to the The Confirmation is, as it were, the Life and Soul or the

earlicft A»cs ■ and thus contend for a Point given up by the Oration : In this the main ftrefs of the Argumentation nes.

reft M °Fleury owns that the firft Inftance of auricular Whence Ariftotle, properly enough, calls it irirK, fides. _

Confeffion he can meet with, is that of S. Eki, who being Confirmation, in Theology, the Ceremony of la

grown old, made a Confeffion to a Prieft of all his Sins from his youth upwards. , J ,

The Indians, according to Tavermer, have a kind ot Confeffion : and the fame may be faid of the Jews ; thefe laft have Formulas for thofe who are not capable of making a Detail of all their Sins : The ordinary Form is in an al- phabetical Order, each Letter containing a Capital Sins this they ufually rehcarfe on Mondays and Thurfdays, and on Fail Days and other occafions : fome, every Night and Morning. When any of 'em

on of Hands, for the Conveyance of the Holy Ghoft.

The Antients call'd it Cbnfma and Unction; among them it was conferr'd immediately after Baptifm ; and was efteem'd, in fome meafure, a part thereof: whence the Fa- thers call it the Jccomplifhment of Baptifm. See Chrisma.

Among the Greeks, and throughout the Eafi, it Hill ac- companies Baptifm s but the Romanifts make it a dittinft independent Sacrament. See Sacrament.

It appears that Confirmation has all along been ordi-

nous : 10111^, t*^ij i.igii. «..« iL appears ...... — ._,. - - — □ -

find themfelves near Death, he narily conferr'd by the Biiliop^ S. Cyprian, and moil otth

fends' for ten Perfons', more or lefs, one of 'em a Rabbin s

and in their Prefence recites the Confeffion. See Leon de

Fathets, fpeak of it in fuch Terms as imply it to have been confin'd to the Bifhop alone; and Flellry, and moil ot the Moderns, from them, lay it down as a diftinguifhing Cha- rafter between the Offices of a Prieft or Deacon, and that of

Modcna. . ,

Confession of Faith, is a Lift, or Enumeration and De- ._..

claration of the feveral Articles of Belief, in a Church. See a Bifhop, that the former might baptize, but the latter p alone might anoint and confirm ; by virtue of their Succel-

The Augsburg Confeffion is that of the Lutherans, pre- fented to Charles V. in 1 530.

" In the Council of Rimini, the Catholick Bifhops found that the Priefts, on occa fault with Dates in a Confeffion of Faith, and oblcrv'd that ' the Church never us'd to date 'em.

CONFESSIONAL, or CONCESSIONARY, in Church- Hiftory, a Place in Churches, ufually under the main Altar, wherein were depofited the Bodies of deccas'd Saints, Martyrs, and Confeffors.

Confcffional is alio ufed in the Romiflj Churchfor a

_ ..light - lion to the Apoftles, to whom it originally belong d.

But from fome Paffages in S. Gregory, &c. others gather,

afion, had likewife the Power of con-

firming. 'Tis certain, among the Greeks, the Prieft who baptizes alfo confirms : Which Prifticc, Lucas Holflennts lhews, is of fo old a Handing among them, that it is now generally look'd on, as belonging properly and of right to the Prieft : tho fome will have it to'have been borrow'd by them from the Bilhops.

Hence, fome of the Latin Divines acknowledge that tho

Bench "or Defk in the Church, where the Confel&r takes the the Bifhop be the ordinary Minifter of Confirmation, yet,

that the Prieft, in his abfence, may alfo cooler it, in quality

Hiftory, we frequently find the Word from Fifcus, a Hamper, Panier.

Martvrs : In after-times, it was confin'd pcroi's Money uled to be kept. See Fisc.

The Title to thofe Goods is given by the Law to the

Confcffions of the Penitent.

CONFESSOR, a Chriftian who has made a iolcmn and refolute Profeffion of the Faith, and has endured Torments in its defence.

A fimple Saint is call'd a Confeffor, to diftmguifh him from the Roll of dignify 'd Saints ; as, Apoftles, Martyrs, 'Prelates, &c. See S'aint, Martyr, tfc.

In Ecdefiaftical Confeffors ufed for Marty: to thof came to ...

thofe, who after having lived a good Life, died under an Opinion of Sanftity. , j

According to S. Cyprian, he who prefented himlclf to Totturc, or J even Martyrdom, without being call'd thereto, was not call'd a Confeffor, but a 'Profeffor : And if any out of a want of Courage abandon'd his Country, and became a voluntary Exile for the fake of the Faith, he was calld Extorris. „ _,, ,

Conpi.ssor is alfo a Prieft, in the Romiflj Church, who

„f Minifter Extraordinary.

The Council of Rouen, held in 1072, decrees, that Con- firmation be confer'd failing, both on the fide of the Giver and Receiver.

CONFISCATE, in Law, is applied to Goods forfeited to the Exchequer, or publick Treafury. The Word is deriv'd Panier, or Barker, wherein the Ern-

ie, who after having been tormented by the Tyrants, to' live and die in Peace. At laft it was alfo uled for

has a Power to hear Sinners in the Sacrament of Penance, and Merchandizes that ate

King, when they are not claimed by any other. If a Man indicted for dealing the Goods of another, in which Cafe they become, in eft'eft, the proper Goods of him indifted, be afk'd about 'em in Court, and difclaim 'em ; he 'hereby lofes the Goods, tho he be afterwards acquitted of the 1 heft, and the King (hall have 'em as Cnfifcate : but otherwile, had he not d'ifclaim'd them. See Confiscation.

CONFISCATION, a Legal Adjudicat on or Goods or Effefts to the Fife, or Treafury. See Treasury.

Thus, the Bodies and Effefts of Crimina s, 1 raitors, fjc.

contraband, prohibited, or brought

I iil

aboard