Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/446

 COM ( 292 ) CON

Without difficulty, v. e. unlets either liquify'd by Fire or be accounted from the Day of the Deliver,; wet w'th Wa"« ; and that two polith'd Pieces of Marble, the Date. And ,f the Indenture.be deW which as often as they touch cohere, are yet very hardly prefs'd foclofely and join'dfo aptly as^to cohere.

See RE- DlLATATION, ££C.

telling Force ; fee alfo Cohesion,

COMPROMISE, an Arbitration, or a Treaty, or <_on- tracl, whereby two contending Parties eftablifh one or more Arbitrators, to judge of and terminate their Differences in an amicable way. See Arbitrator. . ..

The regular way of appointing a Comfromife, is by a Writing, expreffing the Names of the Arbitrators, the Power a Super Arbitrator in cafe of need, a Time limited

ited from the Day ot the Delivery, and not from


 * . And if the Indenture be deiiver'd at four f t |™

the Afternoon, the faid 4th of June, the l'_e 1?

[ the third Day of June in the third Year. J?"

Clock in

ftiall end

Law, in fuch Computation, rejefling all Fractions ot DivU

iions of the Day, on account of that uncertainty which ; *

the Mother of Contention. In Writings ordcr'd by j B a

Stat. 27 Hen. VIII. to be inroll'd within fix Months ; iff u \ Writings have Date, the fix Months (hall be accounted fro the Date, and not from the Delivery : If they want Dai it Ihall be accounted from the Delivery. Coke, Lib. V.

w,

If a Deed be fhew'd to a Court at IVeflminfler, it fhali for" the Arbitrage, and aTenaTtyon the Party who does not remain in Court (by. Judgment^ of Law) all 'the Term i„

abide by the Decifion. By the Civil Law,

rm in ty in

of chufing a Super-

which it is fhew'd : for all the Term is but as one Da Slave cannot make a Comfromife Law. Coke Ibid.— —If a Church be void, and the Pa tron wirhout'ltoLeave'or his Matter, nor a Pupil without the does not prefent within fix Months, the Btfhop of the Dio- Authority of his Guardian, or a Wife without that of her ^mlP^J^V}?^;*™!^/™^^ Ihall

iand'. So a Slave, a deaf or dumb Man, a Minor, and the Perfon who is a Party in the Caufe, are incapable of be- ing chofen Arbitrators in a Comfromife. ■ ......, :.

The Occafions on which a Compromife is not allow d of, are Reftitutions, Marriage Caufes, Criminal Affairs, Quef- tions of State; and, generally, any thing wherein the : publick Interefl is more concern'd than that ot private Ferions

In our Law, Comfromife is not of lo much extent : Wcjt defines it the Faculty, or Power of pronouncing Sentence be- tween Perfons at Controverfy, given to Arbitrators by the Parties mutual private Content, without publick Authority.

The Word is alfo ufed in Beneficiary Matters ; where it fignifies an Aft, whereby thofe who have the Right otfclec- tion, transfer it to one or more Perfons, to elect a terion ca- pable of the Office or Dignity.

Thus, we have feen Members of Parliament elected by Comfromife ; when the Eleaors, nor being able to agree among thcmi'elves, give the Power of eleSing, at lcatt ot nominating, to two Perfons; obliging them by Oath, or otherwife, to chufe fuch as they think the molt capable, and belt difpos'd. _„. ,

COMPTING, or COUNTING-Hba/e, an Office in the Houfhold under the Direction of the Lord Steward ; fo called, becaufe the Accompts for all Expences of the Kings Houfhold ate there taken daily, by the Lord Steward, Comp- troller, Cofferer, Matter of the Houfhold, the two Clerks of the Green-Cloth, and the two Clerks Comptrollers. See

HOUSHOLD.

They alfo make Provifion for the Houfhold, and make Payments, and Orders for the good Government thereof.

In the Compt'wg-Boufe is the Board of Green-Cloth. See Green-C/0/Z'.

COMPULSOR, an Officer under the Roman Emperors, difpatch'd from Court into the Provinces, to force rhe Pay- ments of Taxes, iSc. not pay'd within the time prefcrib'd.

Thefe were charg'd with fo many Exactions, under Co- lour of their Office, that Honorias cafhier'd 'em by a Law in 412.

The Laws of the Viftgoths mention Military Comfulfors ; which were Officers among the Gotbs, whofe Bufinefs was to oblige the tardy Soldiers to go into an Attack, &c.

Caffian mentions a kind of Monaftick Comfulfors, whofe Bufinefs was to declare rhe Hours of Canonical Office, and ro take care the Monks went to Church at thofe Hours.

The Word is Latin, form'd of the Verb Compellere, to oblige, conflrain.

COMPUNCTION, in Theology, an inward Grief in rhe Mind, for having offended God. See Repentance.

The Remanijls own their Confeflion infignificant, unlets attended with Compunction, or pricking of Heart. See Confession.

Among Spiritualifls, Compunction carries a more extenfive Signification ; and implies not only a Grief for having offend- ed' God, but alfo a pious Scnfation of Grief, Sorrow, and Difpleafure on other Motives. Thus, the Miferies of Life, the Danger of being loft in rhe World, the Blindnefs of the Wicked, tic. are to°pious People Motives of Compunction.

The Word comes from pmgere, ccmpungcrc, to prick.

COMPURGATOR, in Law, one rhat by Oath juftifies or clears another's Innocence. See Law, and Oath.

COMPUTATION, or Supputation, the manner of ac- counting and eflim'ating Time, Weights, Meafures, and Mo- nies. See Time, Weight, Measure, Money, £$c.

The Word is fometimes alfo ufed among Marhemaricians in rhe like Senfe as Calculation. See Calculation.

Computation is particularly ufed in Law, in refpecf of the true Account or Construction of Time, fo underftood, as that neither Party do wrong to the other, nor the Determi- nation of Time be left at large ; fo as to be taken otherwife than according to the Judgment and Intention of Law.

If Indentures of Demife be ingroffed, bearing Date ir May 1579, 'o have and to hold the Land in S. for three Sears from henceforth ; and the Indentures be deiiver'd the 4th of June following : In this Cafe, from henceforth Ihall

be computed according to twenty eight Days of the Month I and not according to the Calendar. See Calendar. "'

COMPUTO, a Writ, thus called from its Effect, which is to compel a Bailiftj Chamberlain, or Receiver to yield his Accomprs.

The fame lyes for Executors of Executors ; and a«ain(t the Guardian in Soccage, for Watte made in the Minority of the Heir.

CONARION, or CONOIDES, called alfo Glandule <Pi- nealis, is a fmall Gland, about the bignefs of a Pea, placed in the upper Part of rhat Hole in the third Ventricle of the Brain, called the Amis ; and ty'd by tome Fibres to the Nates. See Gland, Brain, Anus, and Nates.

It is compofed of the fame Subftance as the reft of the

Brain ; and has this peculiar, that it is tingle ; whereas all

the other Parts are double : Hence, %)es Cartes rakes occa-

fion ro fuppofe it the immediate Place, or Seat of the Soul.

at lcatt of See Pineal Gland, Sensory, Sic.

CONATUS, Endeavour, a Term frequently ufed in Phi. lofophical and Mathematical Writers 5 and fometimes alio called Nifus.

The Conatus feems to be the fame, with refpeft to Mo- tion, that a Point is with refpect to a Line 5 at lcatt, the two have this in common, that as the Point is inceptive of the Line, or the Term from which it commences ; fo is tho beginning of all Motion call'd the Conatus. Add, that as in Mathematical Demonftrations, the Extenfion of the Point is conceiv'd as if it wete nothing at all ; fo, in the Conatus of Motion, there is no regard to the Time wherein, or tho length which it advances. See Laws of Nature.

Hence, fome define a Conatus to be a quantity of Mo- tion, not capable of being exprefs'd by any time or length.— Accordingly, all Motion tends precifely the fame way where- in the moveable is acted on, or determined by the moving Power. See Motion.

CONCATENATION, in Philofophy, the connecting of Things, in manner of a Chain, Catena.

The Concatenation of Second Caufes, is an Effect of Pro- vidence. See Second Cause, Providence, &c.

CONCAVE, is applied to the inner Surface of a hollow the Fight, to run to Body ; efpecially if it be circular. See Convex.

Concave is particularly underftood of Mirrors and Lcnfes : Concave Lenfes, are either concave on both Sides, called Concave- Concave ; or concave on one fide, and Plane on the other, called 'Piano-Concave ; or Concave on one fide, and convex on the other, call'd Concavo-Convex, or Convexo-Con- cave, as the one or the other Surface is a Portion of a lefs Sphere.

The Properties of all concave Lenfes are, that the Rays of Light, in patting thro' rhem are deflected, or made to re- cede from one another ; as in convex Lenfes they are inflec- ted towards each other; and rhat the more, as the Concavity or Convexity are Pcrtions of lefs Circles. See Lens.

Hence, parallel Rays, as thofe of the Sun, by patting thro' a concave Lens, become diverging ; diverging Rays are made to diverge the more, and converging Rays either made to converge lefs, or become parallel, or go out diverging. See Ray.

Hence, Objects view'd thro' concave Lenfes, appear dimi- nifh'd ; and the more fo, as they are Portions of lefs Spheres ; and this in oblique, as welt as in direct Rays. See Refrac- tion.

Concave Mirrors have the contrary Effect; to Lenfes : They reflect the Rays which fall on 'em, fo, as to make them approach more to, or recede lefs from each other than before; and that the more as the Concavity is greater, or the Spheres whereof they are Segments, lets. See Mirror.

Hence, Concave Mirrors magnify Objects prefented to

them ; and that in a greater proportion, as they are

Portions of greater Spheres. See Reflection, Microscope, b/C-

Hence alfo, Concave Mirrors have the Effc-a of burning

Objeas, when plac'd in rheir Focus. See Burning Glafs. ■

CONCEALERS, in Law, fuch as find out corneal d

Lands, i. e. Lands kept privily from the King, by common

Perlons