Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/443

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In this Senfe, the Soul may be faid to he Complex, in refpecl of the Under (landing and Will, which are two things our Realon alone diftinguifhes in it. See Compound.

A Complex Term, or Idefy is a' Term or Idea compound- ed of feveral fimple., or incomflex ones. See Term, and Itea.

Thus, in the Proposition, A jujl God cannot leave the Crime unpunijlfd ; the Subject of this Proportion, viz-, a j>!Jl God, is a Complex Term, or ftands for a Complex Idea, compos'd of two fimple, or incomp iex ones, vissl God and r fuft.

A Complex c Propofition, is either that which has at lead one of its Terms complex, as that jutl mentioned ; or fuch a one as contains feveral Members, as caufal Propositions.

Thus, e.g. If God be almighty \ the Wicked can never efcdpe him. See Proposition.

Mr. Locke oblerve?, that tho the Mind be perfectly pa£ five in the Formation of fimple Ideas 5 yet it exerts feveral Anions of its own about them, when once form'd : and that by this means it is, they become the Materials and Founda- tion out of which all our Knowledge is framed. See Know- ledge.

Thcfe Acls arc chiefly three, viz. the combining of feve- ral iimple Ideas into one compound one : And thus it is that all Complex Ideas are made.

idly, It brings two Ideas, whether fimple or complex, to- gether ; fets 'em by each other, and fo views 'em, without uniting 'em into one : And thus it gets its Ideas of Relation. See Relation.

Latily, It feparates feveral Ideas from all other Ideas that accompany them in their real Exiftence : And thus all its general Ideas are form'd. See General, and Abstract.

As fimple Ideas are obferv'd to exill in feveral Combina- tions united together; fo the Mind may coniider them as united, not only as they are really united in external Ob- jects, but as it felf has join'd them : Ideas thus made up of feveral ones put together, we call Complex ; as Man, Beau- ty, Army, Gratitude, &c. Complex Ideas, however com- pounded and decompounded, tho their Number be infinite, and their Variety endlefs, may be all redue'd under thefe three Heads, viz. Modes, Subjiances, and Relations ; which fee under their proper Heads, Mode, Substance, and Relation.

COMPLEXIO, COMPLEXION, in Metaphyficks, the Union or Coalition of feveral Things differenr from each. other; either really, or only in our Conception. Sec Com- plex.

Complexio, in Logicks, is Sometimes applied to the fe- cond Operation of the Mind, viz. the Judgment; confider'd as it aiKrms or denies any thing : fuch Affirmation, &c. importing a Combination of feveral things.

Complexio, is fometimes alfo ufed by Logicians in the Senfe of 'Dilemma. See Dilemma.

Complexio, in Rhetorick, ££c. ]S a Figure including a Repetition, and a Converfion at the fame time ; the Sen- tence both beginning and ending with the fame Word.

Thus Tally, Quis legem tuht\ Rullus. £>itis majorem partem populi fujjragiis privavit X Rullus. Witis comitiis prtfficit ■? Rullus, See Conversion, and Repetition.

COMPLEXION, in Phyficks, is ufed for the Tempera- ture, Habitude, or natural Difpofition of the Body. See Constitution.

Some Philolbphcrs dittinguifh four general and principal Complexions in Man, viz. the fanguine Complexion, which, according to them, anfwers to the Air ; having the Qua- lities thereof, as being hot and moHr. It takes its Name from Sanguis $ becaufe the Blood is there fuppos'd to be pre- dominant. See Sanguine.

The phlegmatic Complexion takes its Name from the Ti- tuita, or 'Phlegm, in which it abounds, and correfponds to Water ; being cold, and moifr. See Phlegmatic.

The bilious, or choleric Complexion, takes its Name from the Bile, or Cholcr : it is fuppos'd of the Nature of Fire, hot and dry. See Choleric.

LaOly, the melancholy Complexion partakes of the Na- ture of Earth, being cold and dry. See Melancholy.

COMPLEXUS, or c Par COMPLEXUM, in Anatomy, is a Pair of Miifcles, arifing with fix thin fmall Tendons from the tranfvcrfe Procefles of the Vertebra of the Neck and Thorax ; growing flefliy in its Afccnt ; again becoming tendinous about the middle ; and again flefhy, where it is inferted laterally into the upper Part of the Os Occipitis, •and the hind Part of the <Proceffus lilajloides.

When they act together, they pull the Head directly backwards, but cither of 'em acting alone, draws it obliquely back.

COMPLICATION of Difeafes, a. Mixture, or Junflion of feveral Difcafes ; efpecUilly where they have any affinity to one another ; as the Dropfy, Afthma and Jaundice hap- pening together. See Disease.

What perplexes the Phyficians, is, when with a Fever there is a Complication of forae other Diforder. See Fe-

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COMPONE, or COMFONEn, or Goif ny, in Heraldry. A Bordure Compote, is that form'd or compos'd of a row of angular Parts, or Chequers of two Colours ; as in ths Figure adjoining.

Componed, or Composed, is alfo ufed in the general for a Border, a Pale or a Fefs, compos'd of two different Colours, or Metals, difpos'd alternately, feparated and divided by Fillets, ex- cepting at the Corners ; where the Junctures, are made in the form of a Goats-foot.

COMPOSITE Order, in Architecture, the lad of the five Orders of Columns ; fo called, becaufe its Capital is compos'd out of thofc of the other Columns. See Order.

It borrows a Quarter-round from the Titfcdft, and S)o:ic; a double Row ot Leaves, from the Corinthian ; and Vo- lutes from the Ionic : Its Cornice has fimple Modillions or Dentils. See Capital.

The Compofite is alfo called the Roman and Italic Order ; as having been invented by the Romans ; conformably to the refl, which are denominated from the People among whom they had their rife. See its Figure in Tab. Archlletlure.

Mod Authors rank this after the Corinthian ; cither as being the richeft, or as the lad that was invented : Scamez- zi alone places it between the Ionic and Corinthian ; out of a view to its delicacy and richnefs, which he efteems infe- rior to that of the Corinthian ; and therefore makes no fcru- ple to ufe it under the Corinthian: wherein he is follow'd by M. le Clcrc. See Corinthian.

The Proportions of this Order are not fix'd by Vitruvills ; he only marks its general Character, by obferving that its Ca- pital is compos'd of feveral Parts taken from the 'Doric, Io- nic, and Corinthian : He does not fecm to regard it as a parti- cular Order ; nor does he vary it at all from the Corinthian, except in its Capital. In effecr, it was Serlio who firft ad- ded the Compofite Order to the four of Vitruvills, forming ic from the Remains of the Temple of Baccbi/s, the Arches of STlftti, Septimius, and the Goldfmiths : Till then, this Order was efteem'd a Species of the Corinthian, only differ- ing in its Capital.

The Order being thus left undetermin'd by the Amienrs, the Moderns have a kind of a Right to differ about its Pro- portions, iic. Scamozzi, and after him M. le Clerc, make its Column 19 Modules and an half; which is lefs by half a Module than that of the Corinthian : as, in effect, the Or- der is lefs delicate than the Corinthian. Vignola makes it 20 ; which is the fame with that of his Corinthian : but Serlio, who firlt form'd it into an Order, by giving it a pro- per Entablature and Bafe, and after him M. 'Perrault, raife it Mill higher than the Corinthian.

This laft does not think different Ornaments and Charac- ters fufficient ro conflitute a different Order, unlefs it have a different Height too : Agreeably, therefore, to his Rule of augmenting the Heights of the feveral Columns by a Series of two Modules in each ; he makes the Compofite zo Mo- dules, and the Corinthian 18 ; which, it feems, is a Medium between the Porch of 1'itus and the Temple of Bacchus. See Proportion.

For the 'Parts of the Order, fee Column, Entabla- ture, Capital, Base, &c.

M. 'Perrault, in his Vitruvills, diflingui flies between the Compofite and Compofed Order.

The latter, he fays, is any Compofition whofe Parts and Ornaments arc extraordinary and unufual; but have, withal, fomewhat of Beauty ; both on account of their Novelty, and in refpefl of the Manner or Genius of tho Architec.4 : So that a Compofed Order is an arbitrary, humourous Compofi- tion, whether regular, or irregular.

The fame Author adds, that the Corinthian Order is the firft Composite Order, as being compos'd of the 2)oric and Ionic ; which is the Obfetvation of Vitruvius himfclf, Lib. 4. cap. i.

_ COMPOSITION", in a Phyfical Senfe, is the uniting or joining of feveral different Thing*, fo as to form one whole, call'd a Compound. Sec Compound.

The Schoolmen diftinguifh two Kinds of Compofition ; the one Entitative, which is between Things of the fame Nature, e.g. rwo or more Drops of Water : the other Ef- fential, when Things of different Kinds are join'd, and thus confiitute new Things, or Effences, different from any of the Parts ; and thus, fay they, from the Matter and rhe Form ot Wood, arifes Wood ; whofe Effence is very diffe- rent from either of thofe Ingredients taken feparateiy.

Composition of Ideas, is an Operation of the Mind, whereby it combines feveral of its Simpie Ideas into Com- plex ones. See Complex Idea.

Under the f. me Operation may likewife be rcckon'd that of enlarging ; whereby we put feveral Ideas together of ths fame Kind, as feveral Unites to make a Dozen.

In this, as in others, Brutes come far fiiort of Men 5 for

tho they take in and retain feveral Combinations of Simple

Ffff Ideas;