Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/398

 COD

broad, us'd in the covering of Houfes, making Matts, j£c. Above the Leaves is form'd a large Bud, in form ot a Cab- bage, excellent to eat ; but the taking it off is mortal to the Tree.

Between the Leaves and the Top are feveral Suckers, of the thicknefs of rhc Arm ; which, when cut, diftil a white, Tweet, agreeable Liquor, fetving as a Wine, and intoxicat- ing : It becomes acid if kept a few Hours j and at the end of 2.4. Hours is converted into a ftrong Vinegar : and is tur- ther prepar'd into Brandy. While this Liquor diftils, the Tree yields no Fruit; but when the Suckers are let grow, it puts forth a large Clufter, or Bunch, wherein the Coco- Nuts are faftcn'd, to the number of ten or twelve.

While they are yet new, and the Bark tender, they yield half a Pint of a clear refrefhing Water : which in a little time becomes firil a white, foft Flefh, and at length con- denfes, and aitumes the Tafte of the Nut.

It yields Fruit thrice a year; and thofe fometimes as big as a Man's Head. Many Travellers aver, that from a fingle Coco Tree, and its Fruit, a Ship might be built, equipp'd, and loaden with Merchandize and Provifion.

The Cocos of the Antilles, are not fo large as thofe of the Eaji-Ifiiie), Africa, and Arabia : the Trees feldom ex- ceed 1 5 Foot in height ; and the Fruits in proportion : Tis thefe are ufed among us.

( 24.4. ) C O E

The Emperor Frederic, at the Requeft of the Univerft. ties, appointed it to be taught in the Schools ; and com- manded all his People to obferve it. Accordingly, j t ol] _ tain'd in Italy aud Germany ; and flill obtains in a Part of France, particularly the Southern Provinces.

The Word comes from the Latin Codex, a paper Book • fo called a Codicibus or Caudicibus arboram, the Trunks of Trees ; the Bark whereof being ftripp'd off, ferv'd the Antients to write their Books on.

There have been various other later Codes, particularly f the anticnt Gothic, and fincc of the French Kings ; as the Code of Euridia, the Code Micbault, Code Louis, Code Df e. ron, Code Henry, Code Marchand, Cede des Faux.

Code of Canons, Codex Cauonum. See Canon.

CODIA, in Botany, is ufed for the Top, or Head of any

but, by way of eminence,

forthatof a fort of Pi

oppy.

Plant ;

whence the Sytup made therewith iscalled 'Diacodium, from

tf«, cum, with, and r.aJU, the 'Poppy head. See Diacodium.

CODICIL, a Schedule, or Supplement to a Will, or other Wriring. See Schedule, Will, $£f.

It is'us'd as an Addition to a Teftament, when any thing is omitted which the Teltator would add, explain, alter ot retract ; and is of the fame Nature as a Tellament, but that it is without an Heir or Executor.

So that a Codicil is a lefs folemn Will of one that dies ei-

In the Kingdom °of Siam, the Coco's Fruit, dried and ther Teftate or Inteftate, without the Appointment 9 t|

emptied of its Pulp, ferves as a Meafure, both for things quid and dry. See Measure.

As thefe Fruits are not all of 'the fame Capacity, but are fome larger, others lefs ; their content is firft mealur'd with Cauris, thofe little Maldives Shells, which ferve as fmall Money in feveral States of the Indies. Some Cocos contain 1000 Cauris, others 5G0, Sjjc.

COCTION, a general Name for all Alterations made in Bodies, by the approach of Fire, or Heat. See Heat 1.

The greater! Secret in Chymillry is ro manage the Cotlion aripht ; to give the Fite to advantage.

There are various Species of Cotfions ; as Maturation, FriBion, Elixation, Affation, T'orrefaSion, and Upon ; which fee in rheir Places, Maturation, Friction, ere. fee alfo Concoction.

COD-Fi/bcrr. Sec Co^-Fishery.

1 Collection of the Laws and Confti

Heir : Teftate, when he that hath made his Codicil, hath either before or afterwards made his Teftament, on which that Codicil depends, or to which it refets. Inteftate, when one leaves behind him only a Codicil without a Teftament ; wherein he gives Legacies only to be paid by the Heir at Law, and not by any Heir inftituted by Will, orTeftament.

A Codicil, as well as a Will, may be either Written ot Nuncupatory. Some Authors call Teftament, a great Will- and Codicil, a little one : and compare Teftamcnt to a Ship, and Codicil to the Boat tied to it.

But there is this further difference between a Codicil and a Teftament ; that a Codicil cannot contain the Inftitution of an Heir; and that in a Codicil, a Man is not oblig'd to obferve ftrictly all the Formalities prefcrib'd by Law forfolemn Tef- taments.

In Cuftomary Countries, Teftaments, properly fpeaking, are no more rhan Codicils ; in regard, Cuftom it felf names

CODE, CODEX, „

tutions of the Roman Emperors; made by order of Juftiman. the Heir, and does not allow of Teftamentory • Inheritors.

It is compriz'd in twelve Books, which make the fecond Codicils were firlt brought into ufe in the lime of Altgllf-

Part of the Civil, or Roman Law. See Civi-L-La-ji. tus, by L. Leiitulus : They were originally intended to fol-

There were feveral other Codes before the Time of Juftl- low the Teftament ; which was, as it were, their Balis.

iiian ; all of them Collections, or Abridgments of the Roman In procefs of time, Codicils came to have their effect, even

Laws Gregory and Hermogenes, two Lawyers, made each tho made before the Teftament ; provided there was no-

a Co'lieaion of this kind, called from their Names the Gre- thing in the Teftament contrary to the Codicil,

gorian Code and Hermogenean Code. Thefe included the Con- People were alfo allow d to make Codicils without Fefta-

flitutioiis of the EmpercaVftom JAruml to SHocleJltm and ments. .Jl

Maximin, A. 2). ",oS. We have nothing remaining of 'cm Raym. Lully has a Book which he calls The Codicil;^

but a few' Fraoments : the Work falling to the ground, for wherein he pretends to have left his Readers the Secret of

want of Authority to put it in Execution. the Philofopher's Stone ; provided they do but underftand it.

Theodojius the Younger was the firft Emperor who made COECUM, or CjECTJM, in Anatomy, the blind Gut,

a Code, which was compriz'd in fixteen Books, fotm'd out of the Conftitutions of the Emperors from Conftantine the Great to his own Time ; abrogating all other Laws not in- cluded in it : And this is what we call the •j'heodofiais Code ; which was publifli'd in the Year 458, and receiv'd and ob- ferv'd, till annulled by the Code of Jliftiilian.

"Theodojian'a Code has been a long time loft in the Weft : Cuius took a great deal of Pains to retrieve it, and to pub- lifh it in a better Condition than ever. Gotbefrid has given us a Comment on the T'keodofiaii Code ; a Work which coft him 30 Yeats.

In "50S, Alarick King of the Goths, made a new Collec- tion of the Roman Laws, taken from the three former Codes, the Gregorian, Hermogenian, and T'heodo/ian, which he likewife pubiilh'd under the Title of the T'/.'eodq/iail Code. This Code of Alarick coritinu'd a long time in force ; and was all the Roman Law receiv'd into France.

Laftly, the Emperor •Juftinian, finding the Authority of the Roman Law exceedingly weaken'd in the Weft, upon the Decline of the Empire, refolved to make a general Col- lection of the whole Roman Jurifprudencc. The Manage- ment hereof he committed to T'ribonianllS ; who chofe out the moft excellent Conftitutions of the Emperors, from A- lirian to his own Time ; and publifh'd his Work in 518, un- der the Title of the Ne-iv Code.

But becaufe Juftinian had made fcvetal new Decisions,

the firft of the thick Inteftines ; fo called, becaufe made like a Sack, having but one Aperture, which ferves it both for entrance and exit. See Intestines.

It is fituatc on the right Side, below the Kidney. In Chil- dren new born, and in Quadrupeds, it is found full of Excre- ments ; hut in Adults, ?£c. it frequently difappears, and on- ly hangs like a Worm.

Its ufe in Adults is very obfeure : In a Ftetus, or Infant newly born, it appears to ferve as a Receptacle for the Ftfces during fuchtime as the Animal does not difcharge by Stool.

Dr. Glijfon imagines it may likewife ferve in fuch Animals as have ir large, as Dogs, Conies, Rats, &c. for a kind of fecond Ventricle, or Bag, wherein the prepar'd Aliment may be retain'd, while a richer and more nutrirtous Juice is drawn from the fame.

Others will have it contain a Ferment ; and others the Flatuolity of the Inteftines : Laftly, others fancy it may fe- parate a Humor, by fome Glands placed therein, wherewith' ro harden the Excrements as they pafs thro' the Colon. Sse Excrement, Colon, £5?c\

CO-EFFICIENTS, in Algebra, are Numbers prefix'd to Letters, or Species, into which they are fuppos'd to be mul- tiply'd ; and therefore, with fuch Letters, or wirh the Quan- tities teprcfented by them, they make a Rectangle, or Pro- duct, co-ejfUiunt 'ProduHum ; whence the Name.

Thus, cb implies, that the Quantities rcprefenred by a b,

which made fome Alteration in the antient Jurifprudence ; are multiply'd into the co-efficient c ; and that out of thefe he rcttench'd fome of the Conftitutions inferred by Triboni- two, the Rectangle, or Product c b is form'd. If a Letter anus and added his own in their Place : on which account, have no Number prefix'd, it is always fuppos'd to have a Co- lic pubiilh'd a new Edition of the Code in 534., and abroga- efficient ; becaufe every thing is once it felf. ted the former. * The Co-efficient, in a Quadratic Equation, is according to This Code of Jifthiian, as well as the reft of the Roman its Sign, either rhe Sum, or Difference of the two Roots : a long time loft in the Weft, till the Time of And in any Equation of an higher Narure, the Co-efficient of

Law, was

Lotkarius II. who found it at the taking ot Melphis, and gave it to the City of <Pifa. This was firft re-publifh'd by lr nier, in 11 18.

the fecond Term, is always the Aggregate of all the Roots retaining their proper Signs : So that if all the Negatives be equal to all the Affirmatives, the fecond Term will vaniln ;

and