Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/299

 CAN

C4$)

CAN

Names and Situation of

V

Longitude

Latitude.

S

the Stars.

i

o 1 11

1 11

03

24 10 40

1 35 13 E

8

In the preced. and moreSothly.Foo

IS 18 34

7 5 3° A

5

14 J« 38

2 I« 11

7

In the preced. North Foot, South

25 9 2S

I 19 IJ B

5

27 1 4s

s 24 35 A

7

IO

In the fecond North Foot, upper?

24 47 2J

5 3« 4 E

6 7

under $

24 54 49

5 18 44 B

4

27 22 31

5 19 ji A

6

Agaioft the Tail, Ptokm. 2<,. H

27 22

2 17 52 A

5 <

M

27 48 15

5 42 25 A

7

28 jo 17

S 41 IS A

7

Agft. theExtrem. of the idSo.Foot

29 ?<f I?

10 19 5 A

\ 3

The North of the jd North Foot

IS- 38 j

7 27 32 B

S

In the Origin of the $d North Foot

27 29 JJ

4 20 3 j- E

s

In the Back, behind the Tail

29 27 S

1 1 39 A

s

a

I 22 2

8 30 57 A

7

The firft in the 4th North Foot

a

27 51 Ij

8 25 40 B

f 7

The fecond

2.8 10 35

7 30 E

s

In thcOrig.ofpreced.Nordi^.Claw

28 44 18

( 10 j( J

7

Subfequent, and more Southerly

a

20 20

2 7 51 A

7

„*5

The laft of three

«

it 7 ,

8 27 31 B

«

a

1 U 58

Sis if A

S

The fecond

si9 15 4a

4 53 44 B

« 7

a

I 39 24

4 45 is A

7

The third The Preced. So. of Q of the Breaft

s

29 55 is

4 59 48 B

S

a

1 24 41

47 4s A

« 5

Fourth and Subfequent

15 14

5 5 is B

7 8

freced.Nortli in theG of the Breaft

1 5 29

1 3> 3.3 B

« 7

3 i« .1

8 31 50 A

S

The preced, in the jd SouthernFoot

I 55 21

51 52 B

7

4 48 42

8 39 1 A

S

The Subfequent

5 4 30

8 40 4 A

S

Nebulous Stars in the middle off

2 50 50

1 18 18 B

I S 12 E 1 18 37 E

7

the Breaft, call'd Prtfepe f

4° Subfeq.No.inthencalPdi/. AfdUts

3 5 25 3 5 9

S

7

3 M

J !4' B

4

Preced. in the 4th South Foot

5 29 18

5 20 41 A

6

1 n 49

12 10 4S B

7

Southern Star in Qcall'd So, Jifellus

4 2j 40

j 4S B

4

In the North Claw

a

2 6 53

10 23 40 B

5

4 1 ! In the Extrem. of the 4th So. Foot Si

6 32 22

7 44 58 A

S

Subfequent in the Southern Foot

5 ;i 1.5

5 39 1 A

s,

Firft over the Northern Claw

2 12 44

14 18 33 B

7

Firft of thofe following the N.Claw

3 23 2

10 15 12 B

S

« 37 15

2 IS is A

«

50

Second

3 is 1

10 21 47 B

s

Third

3 41 1

10 24 34 B

s

Breced.in the Middle of the N.Claw

3 ^ 12

12 35 J4 B

5 «

Fourth

4 10 51

10 8 24 B

s 5

Second

55

That preced. the Southern Claw


 * 5? 35

14 59 4' B

5 «

S 4 « 33

5 30 32 A

7

id and Subf in Middle of the Claw

3 59 4 1

12 19 1 B

7

Firft in the Orig. of the South.Claw

S 2 5«

1 53 is A

s

Second and Southern

8 3 51

1 3S 45 A

s

' Third

3 41

14 40 4S B

s

In the Southern Claw

9 18 40

5 if 27 A

4 3

The laft of four at

4 7 20

■4 37 49 B

i

Fifth of thofe following theN.Claw

5 3° 37

10 30 5 B

6 7

In the Northern Eye

S 42 57

715 3 B

S

Xaft of thofe following the N.Claw In the Extr.of the Apert.of N.Claw

S 44

10 38 j8 B

« 7

C 18 14

11 34 SB

« 7

7 23 58

9 4S 2 B

< 7

Subfequent in the Southern Claw

II 50 44

5 JS 8 A

4 5

In the Southern Eye

8 52 45

5 23 24 B

5 «

9 7 14

5 24 49 B

8

70

In the Aperture of the South. Claw

II 41 7 |

1 8 31 A

7

[2 1$ 48I

58 45 A

S

Tropic 0/ Cancer, in Aftronomy, a leffer Circle of the Sphere, parallel to the Equator 5 and pafling through the beginning of the Sign Cancer. SeeTROpicK; fee alfo Sphere.

Cancer, in Medicine, a hard, rugged, round, immove- able Tumor, of an Afh, Livid, or Lead Colour ; incom- pafs'd round with branch J d turgid Veins, full of black mud- dy Blood : fo call'd, as fome will have it, from the Refem- biance it bears to the Crab -fifh, call'd Cancer; or, as others fay, becaufc, like that Fifh, when once it has got hold, 'tis fcarce poflible to drive it o(F. It begins without any Pain, and appears, at firft, like a Chicory Pea ; but grows apace, and becomes very painful. The Cancer arifes principally on tltt lax glandulous Parts, as the Breafts and Emunflo- ries : 'Tis mod frequent in Women, efpecially fuch, fays

Stolterfoth, as are barren, or live in Celibacy. The Rer>5 fon of its appearing in the Breaft more than other Parts, is, that being full of Glands, with Lymphaticks and Kiuod- Veflels among 'em, the fmalleft Contufion, Compreflion, or Function, extravafates thole Liquors 3 which glowing, by degrees, acrimonious, form the Cancer. Hence, the Mat- ters of the Art fay, that a Cancer is that in the Glands, which a Caries is in the Bones, and a Gangreen in the flelhy Parts. The Cancer, however, is fometimes found in other foft, fpongy Parts of the Body ; and there have been iome found in the Teeth, Belly, Neck of the Matrix, Ureter, Lips, Nofe, Cheeks, Abdomen, Thighs, and even the Shoulders, as Stolterfoth fhews.

Cancers are divided, according to their feveral Stages, in- to Occult and Ulcerated ; the firft is form'd as above. Ul- cerated Cancers, are known by their roughnels and fullnefs of Holes, thro which oozes a filthy, ftinking, glutinous Matter, frequently yellowifh ; by their pungent Pain, which refembles the pricking with a thoufand Pins 3 by their black- nefs ; the fwelling of the Lips of the Ulcer ; and the Veins about it, which are blackifh, fwell'd, various, refembling, as above, the Poot of a Cray -fifh. Sometimes the Extre- mities of the Blood- Veffels are gnaw'd off, and the Blood iflues out. In a Cancer of the Breaft, the adjacent Fiefh is fometimes fo confum'd, that one may fee into the Cavi- ty of the Thorax. Itoccafions a ilow Fever, a Loathing, oftentimes Faintings, fometimes a Dropfy, and laftly Death. The immediate Caui'e of i Cancer,kems to beatoocorrofive volatile Salt, approaching to the Nature of Arfenic, form'd by the Stagnation of Humours, igc. Stolterfoth obferves, that it has been frequently cur'd by Mercury and Salivati- on. A Cancer arifing on the Legs, is call'd a Lupus ; on the Faec, or Nofe, a Noli me tangere : Some take the ul- cerous Cancer to be nothing elfe but an infinite Number of little Worms, which devour the Flefh by degrees. The Cancer is allow'd the moll horrible Evil that bcfals the Body : 'Tis ufually cur'd while yet a fmall Tumor, of the bignefs of a Nut, or at molt of a fmall Egg, by Extirpa- tion : When it feizes the Breaft, or is burft into an Ulcer, Amputation takes place.

CANDIDATE, a Perfon who ftands forfome Poft, or afpires to enter any Body, or Society. The Word comes from the T->2.tmCandidatlts,oi Candidus, white: Thofe who afpir'd to Offices in antient Rome, being call'd Candidati, from their wearing a very white ftiining Habit at the Aflemblies.in order to diftinguifh themfclves from the Croud. In the Time of Gordian, and afterwards, the Term Candidati was likewife given to the Soldiers who compos'd the Emperor's Guard ; who were chofen out of all the Legions, and much confi- der'd at Court. Cedrenus obferves, that it was the younger Gordian who inftituted thefe, as alfo the VroteSores and Scholarcs, The Scholarcs were chofe out of the Troops, and confifted of Perfons who beft underftood the Art of War : Out of thefe Scholarcs were chofe the Candidati, who were fuch as appear'd the moil vigorous, and had moft of the Martial Air ; proper to infpire Terror, fays theChro- nicon of Alexandria. The 'ProteSores were a middle Or- der, and were properly the Emperor's Body Guards.

CANDLE, a Compofition of Tallow, or Wax, around a Wick ; us'd for the giving of Light. A Tallow Candle, to be good, muft be half Sheep's Tallow, half Cows; that of Hogs making 'em gutter, give an ill fmell, and a thick black Smoak. See Tallow.

Tallow Candles are of two Kinds ; the one difip'd, the other moulded .- The firft, which are thofe in ordinary ufe, are of an old ftanding ; the latter are faid to be the Inven- tion of the Sieur le Srcz, at 'Paris. The Manufacture of the two Kinds is very different, excepting in what relates to the melting of the Tallow, and making the Wick, which is the fame in each.

Method of making Candles. The Tallows being weigh'd and mix'd in their due Pro- portion, are cut or hack'd into Pieces, to facilitate their melting, and thrown into a Peel or Boiler, having a Cavity of fome depth running round the Top, towprevent its boil- ing oyer. Being, thus, perfectly melted, and fkimm'd, a certain Quantity of Water is thrown in, proportion'd to the Quantity of Tallow, which ferves to precipitate the Impu- rities of the Tallow, which had efcap'd the Skimmer, to the Bottom of the Verfel.' The Tallow, however, intended for the three firft Dips, muft have no Water ;. in regard, the dry Wick, imbibing the Water readily, makes the Can- dles fpit and crackle in the burning. The melted Tallow is now empty'd thro a Sierce into a Tub, having a Tap for letting it out, as occafion requires. The Tallow thus pre- par'd, may be us'd after having flood three Hours 3 and will continue fit for ufe 24 Hours in Summer, and 1 j in. Winter.

For the Wicks, they are made of fpun Cotton, which the Chandlers buy in Skeins 3 and wind off three or four toge- ther, according to the intended Thicknefs of the Wick, in- to Peiotons, or Clues, whence they are cut out with an In- Q.q itrumsnf.