Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/271

 BRA

BOWSE, a Sea Term, fignifying as much as Hale. Pull : Thus haling upon a Tack, is call'd bawling upon : Tack ; and when they would have the Men pull all toge ther, they cry, Bo-ivfe away.

BOW-SPRIT, or Solt-Jfrit, the Mart of a Veffel ftand

( 121 )

BRA

Porphyry ohferves, that the Bracbmans fucceeded into the Order, &c. hy Right of Family ; whereas the Samameans were elefted into it : The former there « fore were all of the fame Family, the latter of i

various.

'axes,

. They liv'd

on Herbs, Pulfe and Fruits ; abftaining from all Animals,

and thinking it an Impiety to touch 'em. The greateft

Th* » ay Z r£ ; ?Z le u h K Spttt "^ ?*?£ r nd J \ Ck f t P a " of the °^ and Nlgh/they fpent, in finging Hymn i ne Bow-fpra mould be two Thirds of the Length of the in honour of the Deity f Praying and "-"'"— 8 ■ - ■ • "

„■•...., The Bracbmans were perfectly at Liberty, paid no Ta

g foremolt on the Prow ; refiing (lopeways on the Head nor were under the Command of any Perfon '

of the Main Stern, and having its lower End faflcn'd to -- "-- L - ' the Partners of the Fore-maft, and farther fupported by th

---.ymg and Fading continually. The greateft Part of 'em liv'd in Solitude, without marry- ing, or poffeffing any Eftates. There was nothing they appear d to wifh fo earneftly for as Death; looking on Life a? a burdenfome thing, and waiting with Impatience for the Separation of their Soul and Body. This is the Idea According™ Socman, Soyars are what Porphyry gives of 'em. Kircber obferves, that the Bracb-

mam held the Opinion of Pythagoras,

Main matt, and its Thicknefs equal to the Mizen-maft : When it is twelve Fathoms five Foot long, its Yard muft be eight Fathoms two Foot long; and the Top-maft of the Borx-fprit, three Fathoms one Foot.

BOYAR, or BOIAR, a Term us'd for a Lord or Gran- dee, in Mujcovy.

in other Countries are call'd the upper Nobility : He add: that the Czar of Mufcovy, in his Diploma's, names Boy- ars before JVay-ivodes.

BOYAU, in Fortification, a Gut, or Branch of the Tren- ches : Or a Ditch cover'd with a Parapet, ferving for a Com- munication between two Trenches. Boyau is alfo a Line, drawn winding about, in order to inclofe fevcral Tracts of Ground, orto attack fome Works. SeeDiTcn,TRENCH, &c.

BOYLE'S LECTURES, a Courfe of Sermons or Lee-

....:._, relating to the Soul and its Tranfmigration ; and lead a Life in all refpefls agreeable to his : Or rather, 'twas from the Bracbmans that 'Pythagoras borrow'd his Opinions, his manner of Liv- ing, &c. The modern Bracbmans themfelves, fetch their Origin from the famous Philofopher Xaca.

The Modern Bromines are the Priefts or Divines of the Idolatrous Indians : Thefe are much converfant in Aftro- logyand Agronomy. They have^fo great a Veneration

as blefs'd, if they 'em in their Hand.

»"-^:: ~: ' ' ' ;:...... nutcuiuus or 400 Leagues, draw-

w.tnout defending to any Controversies among Chriftians; ing afrcr 'em whole Cities and Towns, feeding the Peo- and to anfwer new Difficulty, Scruples, S?c For the Sup- pie, when flopp'd at the Paffages of Rivers overflow'd, in port of this LeSure, he affign d the Rent of his Houfe in a manner which they take to be Miraculous ; giving ! em Crooked- Lane, to lomc Learned Divine within the Bills of every thing they defire, without making any Provifion A Mortality ; to be de«edfe a Term, not exceeding three Rogers diftinguimes fix Sorts of 'em ; the Wciftnorea, the" Sears, by the late Archb.fhop Tenmfin, and others But Seivia, the Smaerta, the Scbaerwaecka, the Pafcnda, and the Fund proving precarious, the Salary was ill pay d : To the Tfetlea.

remedy ■which Inconveniences the faid Archbifhop procur'd M. Marjball obferves, that whenever they write any a yearly Stipend of 50 Pound, for e^ to be paid Quar- thing, they put a Figure of one in the firft Place; to ffiew, rerly ; charg d on a Farm in the Parilh of Brill, in the as they fay, that they acknowledge but one God. They County °{ Bucks, account the World the Body of God, the higheft Hea-

BRACE, is commonly taken for a Couple or Pair; and vens his Head, the Fire his Mouth, the Air his Breath, apply d by Hu^en to leveral Beafts of Game ; as a the Water his Seed, and the Earth his •Brace of Bucks, Foxes, Hares, igc. Alfo a Brace of They maintain a

Greyhounds, is the proper Term for two for the Tempers and Manners of" Men in "this : They alfo

Brace, in Architecture, a Piece of limber, fram d in maintain the Metempfycbofis, but in a coffer Senfe than with Bevil Joints. Its life is to keep the Building from Pythagoras ; believing, that the Souls of all Men pafs into fwerving either way. When 1a Brace is fram d into a King- Reptiles, Infefls, and Vegetables, for their Pumfhment piece, or principal Ratter, it is called by fome a Strut. Brace, Braccbio, or BraJ/e, a long Meafure, anfwer-

Legs and Feet. 1 pre-exiftent State ; and from that, account

fee Fa

BRACED, a Term in Heraldry, for the intermingling of three Chevronells, thus; Azure a Chief Or, and three Chevronells braced in the Bafe of the Efcutcheon, by the Name of Fitz-hugb.

and Purgation. They compute the World to be about "50 Years old ; and feem to have fome obfeure Tradi- tions of the Mofaic Paradife, Adam, Eve, and the Deluge. They have alfo a Notion of God's, being incarnate, and living fome time among Men. Their Religion confifls in leading a pure Life, warning away their Sins in the River Ganges, muttering over divers Prayers, and doing ftrange and incredible Penances. They burn their Dead with much Ceremony ; and fttewing his Afhes on the Place where he firft laid after his Death, they judge, from fome BRACES, are Ropes belonging to all the Yards of a Impreffion they imagine made on it, into what Body his Ship except the Mizen, two to each Yard : There is a Soul was gone; vis. if the Impreffion of the Foot of a Dog Pendant feized to the Yard-Arms, at whofe other End or Ox, Sfc, appear, they give out he is tranfmigratcd into there is a Block, through which the Brace is reeved. on e of thofe Animals ; if there be no Impreffionrhe is then Their ufe is to fauare the Tard ; that is, to fet it gone to the Starry Region. They have abundance of CV- iquare ; To brace the Tard, that is, to bring it to either balifiic Notions ; v.g fay they, the Numbers 28 35 - 7 — Side ; to traverfe the Tard, that is, to fet it any way over- ,5,3,3:1,3!,— 54,29,8,1— 4,5,30,3;, written in the fame 6r- rtiwart ; and To right the Tard, is, to bring it fo as der in the Squares of a fquare Figure, and your Enemy's ltihall Hand at Right Angles with the Length of the Name written under it, while you wear it he can't hutt Ship: All Braces come afterward on : the Main-brace you, E£c. See Phil. Tranf. N° 258. See Lioature.

BR-ACHIjEUS, or Brachial, a Name given to two

Mufcles of the Elbow, the one external, the other internal.

The Brachiteus Extermts arifes about the middle and

up : All Braces come afterward on ; the M.ain-brace comes to the Poop, the Main-topfail -brace to the Mizen- top, and thence to the Main Shrouds ; the Fore and Fore- top-fail Braces come down by the Main, and Main-top-fail

Stays, and lo of the reft : But the Mizen Bowling ferves poftcrior Part of the Humerus. It joins its Fibres with the

for a Brace to that Yard ; and the Crofs-Jack Braces are Mufculus Longus and Brevis ; and being externally Tendi-

brought forward to the Main Shrouds, whenever a Ship nous, they, together, cover all the Elbow, and are inferred

fails clofe by a Wind. See Yards. j nt0 the Olecranum.

BR.ACHMANS, the Philofophers, or Sages of the Eajl- Brachials Intermts, lies partly under the Biceps ■ it

Indies. Thefe have been famous in all Antiquity for their arifes by a fleftiy Beginning from the middle and internal

Severity of Life. The Greeks gave 'em the Name of Part of the Humerus ; and is inferred inro the upper and

bymnojopbifts ; tho Clemens, Porphyry, &c. make the fore-Part of the Cubitus, by a very fhort but ftrona

Bracbmans only a Branch of the Gymnofophifls ; whom Tendon : It ferves to bend the Arm.

they divide into two SeSs, the Bracbmans and Samamei. BRACHYGRAPHY, from Cf^x"';, brevis, ftiort, and

I here are fome in the Indies whoftill bear the fame Name, y g/jw, firibo, to write ; is the Art of Short-hand Writing,

and live in the fame manner as the Antients. The Portu- BRADS, a kind of Nails ufed in Building, having no

gneze call 'em Brames ; we, ufually, Bramines. Some fpreading Heads as other Nails have : Of thete fome are tey, the Bracbmans derive their Name from the Patriarch Abraham ; whom, in their Language, they call Bracbmc : Others borrow it from their God Bracbma ; which fome take to be the fame with Abraham. Hence Poftcl gives em the Name of Abracbmanes. F. Tbomajjin fetches it

trom the Hebrew, Barach, fugit, aufugit, to fly or efcape ; which are feized on either fide the Ties, a little diftance off

pecatile the Bracbmans retire into the Country, and live upon the Yard, fo that they come down before the Sails of

in iJelarts. The fame Author gives us anorher Derivati- a Ship, and are faften'd at the Skirt of the Sail to the Cren-

011 ot Bracbmans, viz. from the Hebrew Barach, benedi- gles : Their ufe is, when the Sail is furl'd acrofs, to hale up

cere, orare, to blcfs, pray ; this being their principal Oc- its Eunt, that it may the more readily be taken up or let

cupation. 1 j t feu.

can'd Joiners Brads, and are for hard Wainfcot ; others Batten Brads for foft Wainfcot ; and fome Bill Brads or Quarter-Heads, us'd when a Floor is laid in hafte, or for ftiallow Joifts fubject to warp. See Nails.

BRAILS in a Ship, fmall Ropes reev'd through Blocks,