Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/253

 B I N

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B I R

Bill, in Parliament, a Paper containing Proportions of- ]y, there fer'd to the Houfes, to be pafs'd by them, and then pre- ' fented to the King to pafs into an Aft or Law. See Par- liament.

Bill of Sale, is when a Perfon wanting a Sum of Mo- ney, delivers Goods as a Security to the Lender, to whom he gives this Sill, in cafe the Sum rhe Time appointed

Bill of Store, a. kind of Licence granted at the Cuftom-

be no need for a Table, or getting of any thing by heart.

He does not recommend this Method for common Ufc, becaufe of the great Number of Figures ufed to cxprefs a Number : Adding, that if the ordinary Progreflion was from 12 to 12, or from 16 to 16, it would be {till the more ', impowering him to fell the faid Goods, expeditious; but its Ufc is in difcovering the Properties of borrow'd is not repaid, with Interefl, at Numbers, in making Tables, £gc. What makes the Si- nary Arithmetick the more remarkable is, that it appears to have been the fame with that ufed 4000 Years ago Houfe to Merchants, to carry fuoh Stores and Provisions as among the Chhcfe, and left in ^Enigma by Yohy, the Foun- are^eceflaryjbr their Voyages, Cuttom-frec. _ ^ der of their Empire, as well as of their Sciences.

M. Lagni has propofed a new Syflem of Logarithm, on the foot of the Binary Logarithm 5 which he finds fhorter, more eafy, and natural, than the common ones. Binary Number, that compos'd of two Units. Binary Measure, inMufick, is that wherein you beat

Bill of Sufferance, a Licence granted at the Cuftom- Houfe, to a Merchant, to fufrer him to trade from one Englijb Port to another, without paying Cuttom.

Billa Vera, the Sill is true. TheGrand Inqucft im- pamiell'd and fwore before the Juftices of Eyre, £f?c. endor- sing a Bill whereby any Crime punifhablc in that Court is equally, or the Time of Rifins is equal to that of Falling ««,-.(%« *o,4 m ',=.*« mull *i,»r«» *„,„ «7-„»j«. ^» n ;i;. *u n . n i«, o?_ m » ± s

prefented to 'em, with thefe two Words, fignify thereby that the Prcfenter has furniflied his Prefentment with pro- bable Evidence, and worthy further Consideration ; where- upon the Party prefented is faid to fland indicted of the Crime, and bound to make anAnfwcr thereto, either by con- fefiing or travcrfing the Indictment. If the Crime touch his Life, it is yet refer'd to another Inqucft, call'd the Jn- qnejl of Life and^Death, by whom if he be found guilty, he ftands convict of the Crime, and is condemn'd by the Judge. See Inqjjest, Indictment, ££?c.

BILLET, in Heraldry, a Bearing in form of a long Square. Billets are faid to be couch'd, or inverted, when their longeftSide is parallel to the Top of the Shield, and the fhorteit perpendicular. Thefe were anticnt- ly Pieces of Cloth of Gold, or Silver, longer than broad,placed at a dirtance by way of Or-

See Time.

BINDING of Books. See Book-Binding. BINOCLE, or BiNocuLE,.in Opticks, a double Telef- cope, i. e. confiding of two Tubes join'd together, by which a remote Object may be viewed with both Eyes at once. It was invented by F. Rbeita, a Capuchin, who defcribes it in a Book call'd, Oculus Henoc & Elite. Since which F- Cheruhin has wrote a large Volume thereon. See Teles- cope.

BINOMINAL, in Algebra, a Number produced by the Addition of two Numbers of incommenfurablc Magnitudes, or a Root confuting of two Parts, or Members, connected by the Sign -j~ : Thus a -f- c, or 5 -f- 3, is a Binominal, confifting of the Sum of thole two Quantities : if it have three Parts, as a -J- h -f- c, it is call'd a Trinominal ; if it have four Members, it is call'd a Oiiadrinominal ; if more, a Multinominal. See Number. hament, on Clothes, and afterwards tranflated to their Coat- BIOGRAPHER, an Author who writes the Hiftory, or Armour. Gwillim mittakes, when he fays aBillet reprefents Ljf c of any Perfon, or Perfons, as Plutarch, Com.Ncpos, a Letter feal'd up. A Coat is faid to be billeted, when it is & c. From the Greek B*©-, vita, and y&t$*>, fcribo. charg'd with##W Thus, he bears Argent-Billctte, aCrofs BIQUADRATICK, the next Power above the Cube, ChgraiVd Gules, by the Name of Heath. Bloom fays, the or the Square of a Cube Root. See Extraction, Power, Billets mutt be number'd when they are not above ten. an d Rooxy

BILLIARDS, a very ingenious Game play'd on an ob- BIQUINTlLE, an Afpca of the Planets, when they long Table, with little ivory or wooden Balls, which are are 144. Degrees diftant from each other. driven by crooked Sticks, made on purpofe, into Hazards, BIRDLIME, a vifcid Subitance, prepar'd various Ways, or Holes, on the Edge and Corners, according to certain and f rom various Materials. The beft ufed among us, is Laws, or Conditions of the Game. The Word comes from m ade from Holly-Bark, boil'd 10 or 12 Hours 5 when, the the French Billard; of Billa the Balls made ufe of, and green Coat being feparated from the other, 'tis cover'd up that from the Latin Pila, a Ball. a Fortnight in a moift Place, pounded into a tough Pafte,

BILLON, in Coinage, a kind of bafe Metal, either of that no Fibres of the Wood be left, and wafli'din a run- Gold or Silver, in whofe Mixture Copper predominates. n ing Stream till no Motes appear, put up to ferment four or According to M. Boutteroue, Billon of Gold is all Gold be- five Days, skimm'd as often as any thing arifes, and laid up neath Standard, or 2 1 Carats ; and Billon of Silver, all be- for Ufe. To ufe it, a third part of Nut-Oil is incorporated low ten Pennyweights. But, according io others, and among w i tn it over the Fire. The Birdlime brought from LJamaf- the reft M. Boizard, Gold and Silver beneath the Standard, cus is fuppos'd to be made of Schaflens, their Kernels be- i far as twelve Carats, and fix Pennyweights^ are properly ing frequently found in it ; but this does not endure either

Froft or Wet : that brought from Spain is of an ill Smell 5 that of the Italians is made of the Berries of Mifleto, heat- ed, mix'd with Oil, as before ; to make it bear the Water, they add Turpentine. 'Tis faid, the Bark of our Lantone, or way-faring Shrub, _ makes Birdlime as good as the belt.

BIRDS are dittinguim'd as they belong to Land or Wa- ter : Of Land Fowl, fome have crooked Beaks and Ta- lons; and of thefe fome are carnivorous and rapacious call'd

bafe Gold and Silver 5 and all under thofe, Billon of Gold, and Billon of Silver, in regard Copper is the prevailing Me- tal. The Word is French, form'd, according to Menage, from the Latin, Sinus Denarius. We don't find 'tis natu- raliz'd among us ; but the Neceflity we are frequently un- der of ufing It in the Courfe of this Work, requir'd its be- ing explain'd.

BIMEDIAL, a Term in Mathematicks : when two Me- dial Lines, as A B and B C, Birds of Prey $ fome frugivorous, call'd by the general B C commenfurable only in Power, Name of Parrots. Of Birds of Prey, fome prey in the and containing a Rational Rectan- Day-time ; and of thefe are reckon'd a greater and lefTer gle, are compounded, the whole Sort : The greater are either of a more bold and generous AC /hall be irrational, and is call'd a firtt BimedialLine. Nature, as the Eagle-kind ; or of a more cowardly and BINARY ARITHMETICK. A kind of Arithmetick fluggifh, as the Vulture : The lefTer diurnal Birds of firft propos'd by M. Leibnitz ; wherein, in lieu of the ten prey, are the Hawk-kind, which are wont to be reclaim'd Figures in the common Arithmetick, and the Progreflion and mann'd, for Fowling, and call'd Hawks 3 and by the from 10 to 10, he has only two Figures in all his Arithmc- Falconers dittinguilh'd into long-winged, as the Falcon, tick, and ufes a more Ample Progreflion from two to two ; Lanner, &c. whofe Wings reach almost as far as the End of Shewing it of considerable Advantage in the Sciences. All their Train 5 or Jhort-wing'd, as the Gofs-Hawk and Spar- his Characters are o and 1. And the Cypher, here, multi- row-Hawk, whofe Wings, when clofed, fall much fhort of plies every thing by 2, as in the common Arithmetick by the End of their Trains: Thofe of the Hawk-kind which IO: Thus, lis one; 10, two ; 11, three 5 100, four; ior, are of a Nature more cowardly, and fluggifh, or elfe indo- five- no, fix; r ir,fcven; 1000, eight; r 001, nine; 10 10, cile, are neglected by our Falconers, and fo live at large ; ten if<c. which is built on the fame Principles with the and of thefe alfo there is a greater Sort, as the Buzzard- common Arithmetick. kind -j and a lefTer, as the Butcher-kind, ox Shrike, (about Hence immediately appears the Reafon of a celebrated the Bignefs of a Blackbird, and found in England.) The Property of the Duplicate Geometrical Proportion in whole BirdofParadife isExotick. Of Birds of Prey with crook- Numbers viz. that one Number of each Degree being ed Beaks and Talons, fome are Nocturnal, as the Owl- had, one may thence compofe all the other whole Num- kind, which prey by Night; and thefe are either homed, bers' above the double of the higheft Degree. It being or eared, as the Eagle-Owl, Horn-Owl,- &c. or without here v. g. as if one fhould fay, in is the Sum Horns, as the Brown-Owl, Grey-Owl, &c. There is a Sort of 4, 2, and 1- Which Property may ferve Ef- of Land Birds with crooked Beak and Talons, call'd fayors to weigh all kinds of Maffes with a little frugivorous, becaufe tho they do fometimes eat Flefh, Weight- and may be ufed in Coins, to give feve- yet they eat Fruits too; and thefe are known by the ral Values with little Pieces. This Method of general Name of Parrots, and are diftinguiiVd into three exprefling Numbers once eftabHfh'd, all the Ope- Sorts, according to their Bignefs; the greatest Size being rations will be eafy: In Multiplication particular- call'd Maccaws 3 th» middle-fized, and moil common, Par- rots,