Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/229

 BAN ( 79 )

'fitm of Incifion, which is a white glutinous Refin ouzing at an Inctfion in the Tree, and afterwards thickenM and fiarden'd. This is excellent for green Wounds, and much refembles the Opobalfamtm, excepting in Smell, which diftinguiihes it. 'Dry Salfam, which is diiHU'd from the Tips of Branches cut off* to which are faftcn'd little Veffels to receive the Liquor, which at firit is like Milk, but reddens by being expofed to the Sun. Its chief Ufe is in the Composition of the Lac Virpnal'c, which is made much better with this, than with Styrax or Benjoin. Laft- ly, Salfam cf Lotion, which is blackifh, and is drawn from the Bark,Roots, and Leaves of the Tree minced and boiled together. This is ufed in Wounds like the white Salfam $ and on account of its excellent Smell, by the Perfumers.

Befides thefe two Salfams ^which. alone are to be efteem- ed genuine ones, Naturaliits reckon Salfam of Copaif or Co- £ayba y o{lblu or liquid Amber \ and a New Salfam. Salfam vfCopa, Copaif C&mpaifot Copayba, comes fromSra/il in earthen Bottles, pointed a-top. 'Tis a kind of Oil, ei- ther clear or thick ; the firft white, of a refinous Smell : the other a little more on the yellow 5 both ate admirable for Wounds : The Jews ufe it after Circumcifion tb flop the Blood. Salfam of I'olu is a liquid Refin, which as it grows old becomes of the Colour and Coniiftence of Flan- ders Siz,e. It conies by Incifion from fbme Trees growing in New Spain $ where the Inhabitants receive it in little Veffels of black Wax : In Tafte and Smell it referable;

BAN

king an Offer, and fhewing the Shoes of his hind Feet BALSAM. Sec Balm.

BALSAMICK, a Term in Phyfick, fignifying that Pro- perty in a Medicine, whereby 'tis render 'd foft, gently atte- nuating, and fomewhat agglutinant.

BAN, or Sans, a folemn Proclamation or Publication of any thing, or a publick EdiS or Summons ; as of a Prince to the Nobles of a Province, frequent among the French ; of a Lord to his Vaffals, (£c. to call 'em to Arms. Hence the Ufe of the Word Bamis in publishing Matrimonial Contracts in the Parifli-Church before Marriage; that if there be any Exceptions again!! either Party, °as to prior Engagements, Sk. there may be an Opportunity of making them. Thefe are what Tertullian !eems to mean by Trinundiua Promulgatio. Bratlon mentions Saunas Re- gis, for a Proclamation of Silence made by the Court be- fore the Congrefs of the Champions in a Combat. Some derive the Word from the Sritifb, San ; Clamor, Noife ; Others from the German, San, 'Publication or Profcrip- tion, becaufe frequently made with Sound of Trumpets whence alfo come the Words, Sa.nijlment, Banner, Aban- don, &c. Sore! derives it from the Greek, ir£v, all, be- caufe the Convocation is general.

BANC, or Bench, in Law, is a Seat or Bench of Judg- ment ; as Sancus Regis the King's Bench, and Sanctis commumum placitorum the Common Bench. Jus Band, or the Privilege of having a Bench, was antien'tly only al- Salm of Gilead ; as it grows old it takes the Coniiftence of lowed to the King's Judges, qui fummam admimjlrant hifi dry Balm. Balfam of liquid Amber is a clear reddiftl titiam. Inferior Courts, as Courts Baron Hundred Courts Refin, produced by a Tree in New Spain, called by the £gc. were not allowed that Privilege ; and even at this Day Narives Ofofol, much refembling Ambergreafe, efpecially the Hundred Court of Frcibridge, in Norfolk, is held un-

in Smell, whence its Name. The New Balfam is liquid ; when new it is called Oil of liquid Amber, and when old Salfam of 'liquid Amber ; it comes from both the Spains,\n Barrels ; and is very rare among us : 'Tis found fovcreign for Wounds, efpecially in Fijlulas in Ano : It refembles Balfam ofTolu in Smell and Colour, and is exprefs'd in the manner of Oil of Laurel, from a red Fruit in the liland of St. Domingo.

Artificial Salfams, in Pharmacy, are Medicines ufually employ'd externally : In Confidence they fomewhat ex- ceed a common Unguent, and are prepared principally to recreate the nobler Part;, by their excellent Odor. There are fome alfo of a more liquid Coniiftence, between an Oil

der an Oak at Gey-mod; and that ofJVoolfry, mHercfird- flnre, under an Oak, near Afljton in that County, called Hundred-Oak. King's Sane or Batch, is a Sovereign Tri- bunal where the King himfelf formerly prefided, the Judges being placed in a lower Bench ar his Feet. Toe Jurifdiction of this Court is very extenfive, and reaches throughout all England, the Law fuppofing the King him- felf to be prefent. See King's-Sench. Common Sank or Common Pleas, the fecond Court of Juftice in England, where common and ordinary Caufes are pleaded between Subject and Subjeft. Here moil Civil Caufes are tried, whether real or perfonal, according to the Rigour of the Law. Here are ufually four Judges, the Chief whereof is

and Liniment ; the principal Ufe whereof is in Wounds : called Lord Chief Juftice of the Common Pleas. Formerly They ate made various Ways, and of various Aromaticks there were feven Judges, then fix, then five, £s?c. See Com- and diftiU'd Oils ; Oil of Nutmegs, or white Wax, are ufualiy the Bafis of Salfams ; with thefe are mixed Deer's Create, Manna, ($c. According to the different Intentions they are to anfwer, they acquire different Names, as Apo- fleStick, Stomachick, &c Balm or Balfam of Sulphur is of two kinds, viz. that of common Sulphur, and that of SuM.mr imthAnife : the firft is drawn by Fire from a Com- poiition of Nut Oil drawn without Fire, Flower of Sulphur, Oil of Tartar, and White Wine mix'd. This is ufed to

mon Pleas.

BAND, any Piece of Stuff cut long and narrow, as the Swarth-Band for Infants, SSc.

Band, in Architecture, a general Name for any fiat low Member; which is alfo called Face, from the latih Fdfcia, which Vitrmim ufes for the fame thing ; and fometimes Fillet, Plinth, &c. See Fafcia, 'Plinth, Fillet, &c.

Band, Knights of the, are a military Order in Spain, in- ftituted by Alphoiifus XI. King of Caftile, Anno t ; a i. It

digeft and refolve crude Matters gathered in any Part of takes its Name from the Banda,Band, or red Ribbond' which

the Body : 'tis applied externally, and ferves for the Bafis -

of the Plaifter of Sulphur. Balfam of Sulphur anifated, is

drawn from Oil of green Anife and Flower of Sulphur dif-

folved together. Balm of Saturn, is a Salt of Saturn ;

Dr. Harris fays, a Sugar of Saturn, diffolvcd in Oil or Spi

comes a-crofs over the Right Shoulder and under the Left Arm of the Knight. This Order is for none but Nobles ; the eldeft Sons of Grandees are excluded ; and before Ad- mittance, 'tis requifite to have ferved at leaft ten Years either in the Army, or at Court. They arc bound to take

rit of Turpentine digefted, till the Matter have acquired a up Arms for the Catholick Faith again.it the Infidels. The red Tincture. This is found to refift the Putrefaction of King himfelf is Grand Mailer of the Ordi

Humours, and is good to cleanfe and cicatrize Ulcers

Balm mBalfam,among the Chymifls,is the Spirit of com- mon Salt extracted by Art. The Preparation is this : They diffolve the Salt, and place its Diflolution, well clarified, in Horfe-Dung to purify, for the Space of two or three Months, and then diftil it ftrongly with a Sand-Heat ; upon which there arifes a pretious Unctuofity, wherein Things the moft corruptible being fteep'd, are faid to remain en-

Band of Soldiers, fo many as fight under the fame Flap or Enfign ; from Sandum, which'the Romans ufed in the fame Senfe with Vexillum, or Banner. Thus Romulus called thofc who fought under rhe fame Manipule, (a Handful of Hay being then ufed for a Flag) Mampulus Militum.

BANDAGE, a Ligature to bind up Wounds. Thefe are of feveral Sorts, and adapted to the different Parts of the

tire, eternally. 'Tis faid, that 'twas by this means fome of Body where the Wound happens. The Knowledge of their

the Antients preferved dead Bodies entire without reducing 'em to Mummy, and particularly that of the Woman men- tioned by Volaterran to be found in a Maufoleum near Al- bania, in the Time of Pope Alexander VI. which was by his Order thrown fecretly into the Tiber, to prevent

proper Ufe is no fmall Part of Surgery. Truffes ufed in Ruptures are alfo thus called. Sec Ligature.

BANDALIERE, a large leathern Belt, thrown over the Right Shoulder, and hanging down under the Left Arm ; wore by the antient Mufqueteers, both for the fuftaining of

Idolatry ; fhe being found as frefh as when alive, tho file their Fire-Arms, and for theCarriage of their Muikct-Charpcs;

had been dead 1 300 Years. which being put up in little wooden Cafes, coated with Lea-

BALNEUM, a Word much ufed by Chymifts, general- ther, now commonly call'd Bandaleers, were hung to the

ly fignifying a Veffel of Water, in which another is placed number of 1 2 to each Sandaliere. The French Soldiery Hill

that requires a more gentle Heat than the naked Fire. retain the Sandaliere ; their Horfe, their Mufqueteers, and

Balneum Marine, is by fome fo called, as being fuppofed common Guards, wearing it indifferently; excepting for

to have been firft invented by the Bleffed Virgin ; but by fome Difference in its Garniture* The Word feems ferm'd

others with more Propriety, Balneum Maris, or Sea-Bath, from the French Bandoalier, a kind of Banditti partieular-

in regard the Veflel here floats on a kind of Sea. Here ly infefting the Pyreueans ; who were formerly diflin-

the Cucurbit is placed in hot Water, which warms the guifli'd by this Piece of Furniture ; and were themfelves fo

»*■_*.- . ,» r a o-_j tt--^ • r -: „ic, ..M-J H

Matter contain'dT A Sand Heat is fometimes alfo called Balneum ficctem, or cineritium, or arenofum. See Bath, Sand, &c.

BALOTADE, a Leap in which a managed Horfe offers to ftrike out with his hind Legs, but does it not, only ma-

denominated, quafi Ban de Voliers, a Knot of Robbers.

BANDELET, in Architeflure, any little Band or flat Moulding, as that which crowns the Doric Architrave : 'tis alfo called Tenia, from the Eatln Tcenia, whi6h Vitruvhn ufes for the fame thing,

BANDE-