Page:Cyclopaedia, Chambers - Volume 1.djvu/215

 ATT

(W)

AUD

ftlves : And as the Effluvia are clofer and more copious at little Pittances from the emitting Body, than at greater ; the light Bo- dy will be continually drawn towards the denfer Effluvia, till fuch time as it comes to adhere to the emitting Body it felf.

And hence mojl of the Phenomena of EleHrkity may be accounted for. See Electricity.

ATTRACTIVE, Attr.actr.ix, fomething that has the Power or Faculty to attracl. See Attraction, Faculty,

Attractive Power, or Force, Vis attracliva. See Power, Attraction, &c.

ATTR ACTIVES, or Attractive Remedies. See Attra- hent.

ATTRAHENTS, Attrahentia, or Attractive Reme- dies, fuch Medicines, externally applied, as by their Activity and Warmth penetrate the Pores ; and mis with and rarefy any ob- structed Matter ; fo as to render it fit for Discharge, upon laying open the Part by Cauftick or Incifion. See Medicine, Cau- stic, &c.

Attrahents are the fame with what we otherwife Call Drawers, Ripmsrs, Matttrantia, Digeflives, &c See Ripenner, Diges- tion, &c.

The principal Simples belonging to this Clafs, are the feveral Kinds of Fats, or Adipes; the Dungs of Pidgeons and Cows; Bran, Yeft, Herring, the Sucking of a Leech, Melilot, Tobac- co* Oil, Pitch, Rolin, Frankincence, <&c. See each under its proper Articles, Fat, Adeps, Herring, Oil, Pitch, Rosin, Frankincence, &c.

In many Inftances, as the Matter rarefies and grows more flu- id by means of fuch Medicines ; the refluent Blood is apt to wafh it back into the common Mais; which fometimes does a deal of Mifchief ; or by making it take up more room upon its Rare- faction, occafions ic to diftend mare the Parts in which it iscon- tained: Upon which a Senle of Pain is excited, and thereby a greater Concourie of fluid, and confequentty a needlefs Increafc of -the Tumor. So that Medicines under this Denomination re- quire the molt careful Management.

ATTRIBUTE, Attributum, in Philofophy, a Property which agrees to fomc Perlbn, or Thing ,• or a Quality, which de- termines fomething to be after a certain Manner. See Proper- ty and Quality.

Thus, Understanding is an Attribute of Mind; Figure, an Attribute of Body, &c.

Spinoza makes the Soul and the Body to be of the fame Sub- ftance; with this only Difference, that the Soul is to be conceiv'd under the Attribute of Thought, and the Body under that of Extension. See Substance, Spinosism, &c.

Of the feveral Attributes belonging to any Subltance, that which prefents it felf firft, and which the Mind conceives as the Foundation of all the reft, is call'd its effential Attribute. See Essence and Essential.

Thus, Extension is by fomc, and Solidity by others, made the efleatial Attribute of Body or Matter. See Body, Matter, Extension, Solidity, &e.

The other Attributes are call'd accidental ones. See Accident and Accidental.

Mr. Lock endeavours to prove, that Thinking, which the Car- tofiam make the efiential Attribute of the Mind, is only an acci- dental one. See Thinking, Mind, Soul, &c.

Attribute, in Logic, is an Epithet given to any Subject; or it is any predicate thereof j or whatever may be affirmed or denied of any thing. See Subject, Predicate, &c.

Every Proportion confifts of a Subject, an Attribute, and a conjunctive Particle. See Proposition.

Attributes are ufiuliy divided into pof tine, which give a thing fomewhat; as when we fay of a Man that he is animate: And Negative; as when we fay of a Stone that it is inanimate.— O- thers, again, divide them into common, which agree to feveral different Things, as Animal: And proper, as Thought, &c

The Word is compounded of the Latin, ad-, toj and tribuo, ' give.

Attributes, in Theology, are understood or the feveral Qualities and Perfections which we conceive in God ; and which conftitute his proper Effence ; as Jufice, Goodnefs, Wifdom, Sec. ^ e e God.

The Heathen Mytbologifts divided the Deity into as many di-

wft Beings as he has Attributes : Thus the Power of God was Jupiter -j the Wrath and Vengeance of God, Jufto»£&c. See

The grinding and polifhing of Bodies is performed by Attritl* on. See Grinding and Polishing.

The Effects of Attrition in exciting Heat, Light, Electricity, &e. fee under the Articles Heat, Light, Fire, Electrici- ty, <&c.

A Feather by being only drawn through the Fingers has been found by Mr. S. Grey to acquire a Degree of Electricity, and would be attracted by the Finger when held near it ; a human Flair, after having palled three or four times between the Finger and Thumb, would fly to his Finger ac the Diftance or half an Inch ,• and the Hair of a Dog's Ear, and the Threads of Silk would do the like. The like Was found ih Pieces of Rib- band of feveral Colours, half a \'ard long; the Hand held at the lower-end of any of which, would attract them at the Diftance of five or fix Inches. But if they imbibed the Moifture of the Air, their Electricity would be much weakened thereby; in which Cafe, the Fire never failed to give them a ftrongone. In effect, the fame Author found Woollen, Paper, Leather, Wood- fhavings, Parchment, and Gold-beater's Skin, to be Electrical ; and that they not oaly came to the Hand, or any other folid Bo- dy, but attracted (mail Bodies to them, fometimes at the Di- ftance of eight or ten Inches : fomc of thefe, alio, appeared lu- minous upon Friction. See Phiiof. Travf. N°, $66.

Attrition is alfo frequently ufed for the Friction, or rubbing of fuch fupple Bodies one againft another, as will not wear out, but occafion fome particular Determinations of the Fluids they con- tain.

Thus, the various Senfations of Hunger, Pain, or Pleafure, are occafion'd by the Attritions of the Organs form'd for fuch Impreffions. See Hunger, Pain, Pleasure, &c.

Attrition, among Divines, is a Sorrow or Regret for ha- ving offended God ; arifing from a Senle of the Odioufnefs of Sin, and the Appreheniions of having incurred the lofs of Hea- ven, and Punilhment; i. e. the Pains of Hell. See Heaven and Hell.

Attrition is efteem'd the loweft Degree of Repentance, being a ftep Short of Contrition. See Repentance and Contri- tion.

ATTVKNATO facieado vel Recipiends, a Writ which a Man owing Suit to a County, Hundred, or ocher Court, and defmug to make an Attorney appear for him there, whom he doubts the Sheriff or Steward will not otherwife admit ; purchafeth, to command him to receive fuch Attorney, and admit his Appear- ance by him. See Attorney.

AVANT, a French Prcpolition, fignifying before, or a priority either in refpect of Time or Place; fometimes ufed, in Compo- sition, in our Language, but more ufually contracted, and wrote Vaunt, or Vant, or even Van. See Van.

Avant Corps, -v (-Van Corps.

Avant Fop, &c. k. See ) Van Fop. Avant Card, ike. j [Van Guard, &c.

call'd Poetry.

Attributes, in Painting and Sculpture, are Symbols added feveral Figures, to denote their particular Office and Cha*

"tter. See Figure and Symbol.

, Ihus the Club is an Attribute of Hercules; the Palm an Attri- "eof Victory ; the Peacock of Juno; the Eagle of Jupiter, &c.

ATT TUE '" ScuLFrURJI * ^

ft* TRITION, Attritio, or Triture, or FriBion, expreffes

iu k M o: ' on °f Bodies againft one another, as flrikes off fome Perficial Particles; whereby they become lefs and lefs. See

, «e Word is form'd of atterere, to rub, wear: compounded
 * %** ^nd Friction.

oF «4 to; and tero.

AVAUNCHERS, among Hunters, the fecond Branches of a Hart's Horn. See Head, Hunting, drc.

AVAST, a Term frequently uled on board a Ship, Signifying to fop, hold, or fay.

The Word is form'd of the Italian, vafta, or bafa, it is enough, it fuffices.

AUCTIO, Auction, a kind of Sale among the an- tient Romans, perrbrnvd by the publick Cryer, fub hufta, tharis, under a Spear Ituck up on that occalion, and by fome Magistrate who made good the Sale by Delivery of the Goods.

This was termed Audio, q. d. increafe; becauie according to Sigonius, the Goods were fold to him, §«/ plurimum rem attgeret, who wou'd bid molt for them.

And hence our Englijh Word, Auclion, which fignifies the fame thing among us.

AUBA1NE, in the F;w& Cuftoms, the act of inheriting after a Foreigner, who dies in a Country where he is not naturalized.

The Word is form'd of Aubain, a Foreigner; which Menage derives further from the Latin, Alibi natus; Cujas, from Advena- du Cange from Albanus, a Scot, or Irijbman; by reafon tbeiewere antiently much given to travelling and living abroad.

The King of France* by the right of Auhi?ie, claims the In- heritance of all Foreigners in his Dominions ; excluiive of all o- ther Lords, and even of any Teltament the deceaied cou'd make. An Embaffador, though nor naturalized, is not fubject to the right of Auba'me. The Swift, Savoyards, Scots, and Portugueze, are alfo exempted from the Auba'me, as being reputed Natives and Regnicoles.

AUDIENCE. See Hearing, Attention, and Audi- tory.

The Word is form'd from the corrupt Latin, Audentia, of Audire, to hear.

Audience is alfo ufed for the Ceremonies practiced in Courts, at the admiffion of Embafiadors, and publick Minifters, to a hearing. See Embassador, &c.

Such an Embaffador fent to demand Audience - 3 took his Audi- ence of Leave to depart, &c.

Audi-